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无论是身处学校还是步入社会，大家都尝试过写作吧，借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。范文书写有哪些要求呢？我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢？下面是小编帮大家整理的优质范文，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
首字母填词的技巧篇一
一
从历代词话中所涉及的欣赏问题的一些材料来看，对于词作的欣赏，主要是指对于作品澄心息虑的静观默想及揣摩玩味。角度上则有意、境、调、格、声、色、味、神、骨、体、趣诸端。而对于词作之色、味、神等问题，特别是在清代词话，可以来看一看。
论色。沉谦(论词杂说):「白描不可近俗，修饰不得太文，生香真色，在离即之间，不特难知，亦难言。」
王士禛(花草蒙拾):「花间字法，最着意设色。」
先着(词洁)评晏几道(南乡子):「小词之妙，如汉魏五言诗，其风骨兴象，迥乎不同。茍徒求之色泽字句间，斯末矣。然入崇、宣以后，虽情事较新，而体气已薄，亦风气为之，要不可以强也。」
吴衡照(莲子居词话):「飞卿(菩萨蛮)云:『江上柳如烟，雁飞残月天。』(更漏子)云:『银蠋背，绣帘垂。梦长君不知。』(酒泉子)云:『月孤明，风又起，杏花稀。』作小令，若不“似”此着色取致，便觉寡味。」
谢章廷:「设色，词家所不废也。今试取温尉与梦窗较之，便知仙凡别矣。盖所争在风骨，在神韵。温尉生香活色，梦窗所谓七宝楼台，所折不成片段。又其甚者，则浮艳耳。阮亭揣摩花间，沾沾于『？』、『苣』一二字义，是犹见其表而遗其里欤。须知『檀峦金碧，婀娜蓬莱』未必便低便俗于『宝函钿雀，画屏鹧鸪』，亦视驱遣者造诣何如耳。」
沈祥龙(论词随笔):「词不宜过于设色，亦不宜过于白描。设色则无骨，白描则无采。如粲女试妆，不假珠翠而自然浓丽，不洗铅华而自然淡雅，得之矣。」
论味。毛大可(鹤门词序):「大抵词必有意有调有声有色人人知之。若别有气味，在声色之外，则人罕知者。」
孙麟趾(词迳):「学问到至高境界，无可言说。词之高妙，在气味，不在字句也。
论神。田同之(西圃词说):「词以神气为主。取韵者，次也;缕金错采，其末耳。」
沈祥龙(论词随笔):「词韶丽处，不在涂脂抹粉也，诵东坡『冰肌玉骨，自清凉无汗，水殿风来暗香满』句，自觉口吻俱香;悲慨处，不在叹逝伤离也，诵耆卿『渐霜风凄紧，关河冷落，残照当楼』句，自觉神魂欲断。盖皆神不在迹也。」
二
李渔(窥词管见)：「曲宜耐唱，词宜耐读。耐唱与耐读有相同处，有绝不相同处。盖同一字也，读是此音，而唱入曲中，全与此音不合者，故不得不为歌儿体贴，宁使读时碍口，以图歌时利吻。词则全为吟诵而设，止求便读而已。便读之法，首忌韵杂，次忌音连，三忌字涩。」
徐渭曰：「读词如冷水浇背，陡然一惊，便是兴观群怨，应是为佣言借貌一流人说法。夫温柔敦厚，诗教也;陡然一惊，固是词中佳境。」
其次，对于诵读的目的、功能、意义，有了比较深刻的认识。谢元淮(填词浅说)：「四声平仄、呼吸抑扬，均有自然之妙。即平素不习工尺者，能于照谱填成之后，反复吟哦，自有会心惬意处。大略阴平宜搭上声，阳平宜搭去声，不必拘泥死法。昔人谓孟浩然诗，讽咏之久，有金石宫商之声。诗尚如此，词可忽哉!」
读词的主要目的，不但是为了欣赏前人词作，而且也是为了指导自己创作。陈廷焯(白雨斋词话)：「熟读温、韦词，则意境自厚;熟读周、秦词，则韵味自深;熟读苏、辛词，则才气自旺;熟读姜、张词，则格调自高;熟读碧山词，则本原自正，规模自远。本是以求风雅，何必遽让古人。」
蒋兆兰(词说)：「作词当以读词为权舆。声音之道，本乎天籁，协乎人心。词本名乐府，可被管弦。今虽音律失传，而善读者，辄能锵洋和韵，抑扬高下，极声调之美。其浏亮谐顺之调固然，即拗涩难读者，亦无不然。及至声调极熟，操管自为，即声响随文字流出，自然合拍!」
再次，比较全面地论述诵读词作的方式方法。孙麟趾(词迳)：「阅词者不独赏其词意，尤须审其节奏。节奏与词意俱佳，是为上品。」
(华雨庵词话)：「读词之法，心细如发。先屏去一切闲思杂虑，然后心向之，目注之，谛审而咀味之，方见古人用心处。若全不体会，随口唱去，何异老僧诵经，乞儿丐食。」
况周颐(蕙风词话)：「读词之法，取前人名句、意境绝佳中，而涵泳玩索之。吾性灵与相浃而俱化，乃真实为吾有，而外物不能夺。三十年前，以此法为日课，养成不入时之性情，不遑恤也。」又云：「学填词，先学读词。抑扬顿挫，心领神会。日久，胸次郁勃，信手拈来，自然丰神谐怀矣。」
夏敬观(蕙风词话诠评)：「读词不成腔，不能知腔调音节之要处，故必得读之诀而后可。韵味在表者，见词之字句可知;韵味在内者，非读不悟也。音节要处，在平仄及四声，在句豆，如一领二、二领一、一领三等等。又凡文义二字相连者，不可离而为二;一领二，不可连而为三，诸如此类是也。平上去入四声，自有分别，音须分清。此非谓填词必墨守成规四声也，但填词时必须四声不混耳。」
最后，对于阅读词作所引发的美感享受，有了初步的认识。刘存仁(赌棋山庄词话序)：「取竹垞(词综)读之，曼声绰态，啭玉圆珠，使人荡气回肠魂销而不能已。」
蒋敦复(芬陀利室词话)：「尝谓词之感人甚于诗，王梦楼太守序(穆堂词)云：访余于京口快雨堂，录所作词数首见示，余适有所感，读之忽至泣下。余皈依空门十馀年，神情寂寞，而穆堂之词，能动余若此，其所诣可知已。然词能动人若此，彼诗之不能动人者，其所诣不愈可知耶。」
三
对于词的创作技巧，历代词话通常采取三言两语点到为止的方式，要言不繁，同时列举大量作品和创作实例，给人以亲切的体会，不但有助于创作，也有助于对词作的欣赏和理解。其中要诀和禁忌的记载论述，虽偶有故弄玄虚之弊，代大体上还是可以参考的，更有价值的是，这些记叙描述了词作家创作的人文环境，对于理解历代词作，有非常重要的意义。
创作，首先是主体的一种有意识活动。刘熙载(艺概.词曲概):「词当合其人之境地以观之。」所谓知人论世，所谓「血管中出来的都是血」，都是说，主体的素质、境地、习性、地位、遭遇等等，对于创作活动有非常密切的关系。
过去词话对于主体的素质性情天分等因素和创作的关系，有非常深入的论述。首先，词话家们认为，创作主体的天赋，是影响创作活动的一个重要因素。(灵芬馆词话):「余尝谓词在难易之间，茍性所不近，虽竭尽心力为之而不工，亦有偶然学之即合者。」陈廷焯(白雨斋词话):「故知东坡、白石具有天授，非人力所可到。」
但是天生的词人毕竟是少数，主要是在后天所形成的素质、性情、性格、气质等因素，对创作也有很大的影响。王士祯曾仿汉扬雄「诗人之赋、词人之赋」旧说，提出了创作主体间的差异:「有诗人之词有词人之词。诗人之词，自然胜引，托寄高旷，如虞山、曲周、吉水、兰阳、新建、益都诸公是也。词人之词，缠绵荡往，穷纤极隐，则凝父、遐周、莼僧、去矜、诸君而外。此理正难简会。」邹祇谟引况周颐(蓼园词选序):「词之为道，贵乎有性情，有襟期，涉世少，读书多。」究其实，作词并非易事，既须天分，也须性情、襟期、学问。
周济(宋四家词选目录序论)评陈允平(八宝装):「西麓和平婉丽，最合世好。但无健举之笔，沉挚之思，学之必使生气汨丧。」
主体的性格、情怀影响词的创作，从创作中也能看出主体性格，而创作活动也可以影响乃至改变主体的气质。田同之(西圃词说)(疑为引述他人之语):「填词亦各见其性情。性情豪放者，强作婉约语，毕竟豪气未除。性情婉约者，强作豪放语不觉婉态自露。」谢章铤(赌棋山庄词话)续编三认为:「余谓此秋珊言，以写其不平耳。夫人文合一，理所固然，究之人自有人之性，文自有文之体，凡秋珊所言者，其故在不深于情耳。深于情，则刚无不柔，直无不曲，当于性中求情之用，若徒求柔求曲，则词格未工，而心术或先病矣。」
但主体的性情、气质等因素的形成，又无不与其生活遭遇有关。因而，创作主要地还是决定于主体的生活遭遇。曾丰(知嫁翁词集序):「歌则杂出于无赖不羁之士，率情性而发耳。礼仪归欤否也，不计也。」虽然曾丰是想批评这些歌词不合道德的，但他却讲出了主体与创作间某种相关关系的普遍规律。词为儒者馀事，作词不能当饭吃，故只有赖无聊或无事的闲人畸人高人才有心情和时间精益求精地去作词。田同之(西圃词说自序)则以自己为例，具体地说明了这一规律:「忽忽数十年，沉困于制举艺，不暇兼及.....今老矣，卧病岩间，无所事事，复流连于宋之六十家中，勉强效颦，以寄情性。」
发愤而作不平则鸣文章憎命达，前代的诗文论中，对于主体的不幸遭遇或坎坷经历与创作的关系，早有论述。历代词话继承了这一观点，并有所深化及发展。明许孚远(升庵长短句序):「天生异材，投之闲寂，困之厄穷，达观造化之理，探索经史之蕴，经纶满腹，无所发泄于致主匡时之略，而仅着为文词。其纵横变化，穷极绮丽，有以也。然则尚论先生者，当先知其人品与其学术，而后可以读其文词。长短句，文之末流也，先生盖出其馀力为之，而非所以先也。」杨慎被放逐到云南，「致主匡时」当然谈不上了，于是退而求其次，弄起文词来。中国文人总有一种修齐治平情结，文学被看成是第二位的东西，被作为发牢骚的工具。于是有了「发愤着书」说。小词原为遣兴娱宾的轻松玩艺儿，现在却成了「厄穷」的产物。
冯金伯(词苑萃编)引陈子龙云:「宋人欢愉愁苦之致，动于中而不能抑者，类发于诗馀，故其所造独工。」把欢愉也包括进来，比较全面。浙西派后学吴锡麒(张渌卿露华词序)说:「昔欧阳公序圣俞诗，谓穷而后工，而吾谓唯词尤甚。盖其萧寥孤奇之旨，幽琼独造之音，必与麈事罕交，冷趣相恰，而后托ㄠ弦而徐引，激寒吹以自鸣，天籁一通，奇弄乃发。若夫大酒肥鱼之社，眼花耳热之娱，又岂能习其铿锵，谐诸节奏?」太平发福之人，优游卒岁，那里还会写什幺词?穷而后工，是诗词的共同规律。李佳(左庵词话):「韩子云:『欢笑之词难工，艰苦之言易好。』诗文皆然，词亦何莫不然。统观诸作，凡泛泛应酬，空空写景，半属平平。若骚客劳人，俯仰古今，溯洄身世，自罔不情味隽永，令读者百回不厌。」就是说，欢乐之词即使写了，也属平平，没什幺意思。
当然，这种人生遭遇，还必须通过主体的心境才能起作用。这就是所谓「词心」。冯煦(蒿庵论词):「少游以绝尘之才，早与胜流，不可一世，而一谪南荒，遽丧灵宝。故所为词，寄慨身世，闲雅有情思，酒边花下，一往而深，而怨悱不乱，悄乎得小雅之遗，后主而后，一人而已。昔张天如论相如之赋云:『他人之赋，赋才也。长卿，赋心也。』予于少游词亦云:『他人之词，词才也。少游，词心也。』得之于内，不可以传，虽子瞻之明隽，耆卿之幽秀，犹若有瞠乎后者，况其下邪。」况周诒(蕙风词话):「吾听风雨，吾览江山，常觉风雨江山外有万不得已者在。此万不得已者，由吾心酝酿而出，即吾词之真也，非可强为，亦无庸强求。视吾心之酝酿何如耳。吾心为主，而书卷辅也。书卷多，吾言尤易出耳。」
「词心」这一问题的提出，是对于创作主体的更深一步的分析。如果说，所谓「赋家之心」，主要是指作者的怀抱，那幺，「词家之心」，则是主体生命的体现。如果说，宋代以来的诗歌，更多地承担了应酬或应景的任务，那幺宋代以来的词作，则更
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首字母填词的技巧篇二
2021专项训练之阅读理解填词
该题测试学生整体把握语段内容的能力，又考查学生掌握相关语法、词形变化和单词拼写的能力。考生需通读全文,在字里行间捕捉信息,先易后难,既要理清逻辑,又要综合考虑。根据首字母填空考查范围极广,可以是英语知识的方方面面,还可能涉及其他学科,它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来,并且单词形式合理,符合语法规范,符合短文需要。
中考真题精练
2020武汉中考
boyan slat has one huge a goal that could be good for people and a________76 all over the gly, it looks like hes going to m________77 his he was 16dutch engineering student slat was on vacation in greece, and he started to think about all the rubbish that is p________78 onto beaches by oceans around the world are all of plastic—millions of tons of unately, plastic doesnt just takes c________79 to break down(分解).the p________80 situation of the oceans is bad and worrying and slat wanted to do something to change he made it a personal goal to clean up the rubbish in the worlds started with an idea for an unusual m________81 to ”catch“ the plastic floating(漂浮)in the water using the natural energy of the left school in 2013 to begin work on his project the ocean , the project r________82 a lot of attention.a year later, he was leading a team of 100 scientists and engineers working on the needed money for this, so he started asking people to d________83 to his project online and raised over $ 2 million!
soon after, slat was named a ”champion of the earth“ by the united nations for his meaningful and v________84 the most important title the un gives to people helping the ocean cleanup also won several awards(奖项)for having one of the best inventions of the d__________85 goes on for hopes that the oceans will be free of plastic in about twenty or thirty years.2019武汉中考
it was at an exhibition of the artist’s works organized by the red cross.i was invited as a special g______76 to attend the this period, two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature(签名).“i haven’t brought my the p______77 okay?” actually, i knew they wouldn’t r______78.i just wanted to show a well-known writer’s good manners to the c______79 readers.“certainly,” the young girls readily a______80.i could see they were very course, their excitement also made me feel more pleased and of the girls h______81 her fine notebook to me.i turned over the cover of the notebook, wrote a few words of encouragement n________82 and signed my girl read my signature, frowned(皱眉), looked at me carefully and asked, “aren’t you robert char?”
“no,” i told her proudly, “i’m the author of alice adams, the w________83 of two pulitzer prizes.”
the young girl turned to the o________84,shrugged(耸肩)and said, “mary, lend your rubber to me.” at that moment, all my p________85 turned into a bubble(泡泡) then, i always warn myself: no matter how outstanding you are, don’t think highly of yourself.2018武汉中考
when you re very, very afraid of something, that fear can affect(影响)you and how you live your i was younger,1i saw my cousin f76 onto an ants ants attacked(攻击)him, and he was c 77 in terrible bites(咬).after that i became very scared of ants.i wouldnt eat outside, and i didnt even like to play outside.i c 78 my bed for ants every when i t 79 thirteen, i decided i couldn’t let my fear get to me.i had to learn to control my fear of ants
first i read a lot about different ants.i didn’t focus on bites, but instead i read about how helpful ants are to the p are really cool!they re hard-working, social, and help bring a81 and nutrients(营养)to the help plants grow, clean up decaying(腐烂的)m 82, and help control other insects
next i began to w 83 ants from a safe distance.i started to look at a family of ants in real time on the internet in order to learn how they by little, i felt more c 84 about y i went outside one day and let an ant move onto my hand and t 85 it was okay!now that i know about all the good things ants do, i m not so afraid of them anymore.2017武汉中考
soap is widely used in our lives around the world．once soap was a dangerous﹣to﹣make hair p___ 76 but it is something that it would be difficult to live without today．
soap is everywhere．we use it every day and c 77 it as something important in our lives．
it also has an amazing h 78，in babylon around 2800 b．c．，the e 79 known soap was made and used．ancient egyptians also made soap．at one time，soap﹣making was not s 80
thats because lye（碱液）b 81 chemical burns or even made people blind in the making process．other dangerous materials were also m 82 with animal fats and oils．later．soap became a 83 in stores and people gradually stopped making it in their homes．
originally（最初），soap was not mainly used for c 84 instead，it was used as gel（凝胶）for making hair stay in place or smell good．the arabs first made the soap that we know today．
they created colored，liquid，and hard soaps．they even had soaps which were used for shaving（刮胡子）．soap became peoples f 85 in the late 1800s．advertising in europe and the us helped people understand the connection between cleanliness and good health．now．soap is something we wouldnt want to live without．
2016武汉中考
henry was a kind, good father was dead, and his mother was very had a little sister about 2 years wanted to help his mother because she could not a 76 earn
(挣)enough money to buy food for his little day a man gave him a dollar for r 77 the pocketbook which he had could have kept the pocketbook because no one saw him when he found his mother had taught him to be h 78 , and never to keep what did not belong to he gave the pocketbook back to the the dollar he bought a box, three b 79 and some shoe polish(鞋油).he then went to the c80 of the street, and said to everyone whose boots did not look n 81.“polish your boots, please?”
he was so p 82 that gentlemen soon began to notice him, and to let him polish their first day he c83 over 50 cents, which he gave to his mother to buy food he gave her the money, she cried with joy and said, “you are a d 84, good boy, henry.i didn’t know how i could earn enough to buy bread, but now i think we can m 85 to get along quite well.”
henry worked after school every earned almost enough to support his mother and his little sister.模拟精练
a
the bbc recently reported a rise in the use of british english in the like “cheers”, meaning “thank you”, and “mate”, meaning “friend”, are becoming one knows h 51 this has happened, although the success of british films like harry potter may have something to do with h english and american english are a little two are the s 52 in grammar but different in the way they pronounce and spell some ans pronounce words like car, better and sweater with an /er/ at the e53 while british say these words with an /e/.the british way of spelling “color” is “colour” and they write “favorite” a 54 “favourite”.english is the most spoken l 55 in the world because of the british colonies
o 56 covered 25 percent of the some parts of the us, people really like the british accent(口音).the british actor hugh grant, with his british accent, was very s 57 in accent is very popular, and americans often think british accents s 58 very elegant(优雅的).maybe this has something to do with the ’t w 59 about the difference between british and american you have exams, it is fine to use the english that you learned f 60 your differences are not so important.b
compassion（同情，怜悯）is a desire within us to help effort, we can translate compassion into experience last weekend showed me this is t 76.i work part-time in a supermarket across form a building for the old people are our main
c 77 , and its not hard to lose patience over their last sunday, one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable untidy man walked up to my register(收款机)with a box of said he was out of cash（现金）, had just m78 into his room, and had nothing in his asked if we could let him have the food on t promised to repay me the next day.i couldnt help staring at him.i w 80 what kind of person he had been ten or twenty years before, and what he would be like if luck had gone his way.i had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul, all alone in the world.i told him that i was sorry, but store r_______81 didnt allow me to do so.i felt stupid and unkind saying this, but i v 82 my then, another man, s 83 behind the first, spoke anything, he looked more pitiable.”charge it to me," was all he i had been feeling was is soft and safe and sion, on the other hand, is caring in action.i t 84 the second man but told him that was not allowed i reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself.i reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my h85 and taught me compassion.c
as i entered an international high school, all my friends felt surprised at my short is because, my old school thinks teenage y_____76 aren’t the time for looking i coloured my hair the first time, i felt free and international school s______77 to meet my needs.i had a t_____78 education background.i went to public schools, received normal education and was required to follow r______79 like every other , i began to wonder w______80 this education was truly suitable for r, in the new school my high hopes were not a while, i found myself in a surprising situation as i faced was s_____81 the biggest challenge i faced in my education-the freedom to try new the old system, i was strongly advised a______82 trying new in my new school, it worked the opposite way-we had many chances to try new if i f_____83, i must be responsible because i put myself in such y, it led me to get into trouble time went by, i started to find my o______84 fact, none of the education systems in the world are perfect.i am l______85 enough to have a chance to bring great value from both systems a result, ive built a system for myself.d
nothing is impossible to a willing heart.a short video about seven people wearing prosthetic devices(人造装置)who t________76 on a desert race challenge has become seven disabled people j______77 in the 108-kilometer desert race from may 11 to 14 in dunhuang, northwest china’s gansu of the seven had one leg amputated(截肢)，and o______78 had two legs baojun, a man from luohe, central china’s henan province, the double amputee, said he never i______79 he could take part in the desert race.“it is great, i can do it, and you can also.” “it is easy to say, but walking it is h________80.” cheng the first day, they finished a complete section of 27 kilometers of the race, and on the second day, they finished 20 kilometers.“my legs were painful while i was also met with a very big sandstorm on the s_______81 it was a challenge, we could not give all encouraged each other to continue.” he getting t________82, they rested on the third day and walked on the tongyi walked the longest of the group, a distance of more than 70 leader sunnaicheng said that they had to p________83 through depulation(人烟稀少)areas of the gobi also added that team members challenged themselves and realized their d are good e________85 for everyone to learn ’s up to you how far you you don’t try, you will never know.e
smartphones and e-readers have become more common in recent people think that the days of paper books will be recent surveys have shown that traditional books are still popular a 76 ch company nielsen found that in the uk, sales of e-books are f77 while sales of paper books are surprisingly, it’s young people who are buying the most physical r survey of university students from the united states, slovakia(斯洛伐克)and japan also showed that 92 percent of t 78 preferred papere what is b79 paper book comeback?
the most popular reason given was: “ i like to hold the product.” it’s true that paper books bring a very different reading ian students said that they liked the smell of paper students said that they could get a s 80 of accomplishment(成就)when they finished reading a paper books can also be very personal objects to lovers of people like to sign their name on the i81 the cover gets bent(弯曲)or there is a stain(污点)made on the page from coffee, all the a 82 make the book even more ’s as if readers of paper books make friends with “friendship” people d 83 with books isn’t just sentimental(情感的).research has shown that readers remember more information reading from paper books t84 also more e 85 end up with headaches or sore eyes while reading e- why not pick up a book and start reading?
f
many people say dolphins are very seem to be able to think, understand, and learn things are they c 76 like humans or more like cats or dogs? scientists say dolphin intelligence is s77 to human intelligence in some ?
like humans, every dolphin has a “name”.it is a special whistle(哨声).s 78 think dolphins，like people，“t 79 ” to each other about a lot of things，such as their age, their feelings, or finding , like humans, dolphins use system of sounds and body language to cunderstanding their conversations is not easy for one “speaks dolphin” yet，but some scientists are trying to ns arc also social live in groups, and they often come to play games from different groups and have f81, just like fact, playing t 82 is something only intelligent animals ns and humans b 83 make plans to get something they the seas of southern brazil, dolphins use an interesting way to get fish are n84 a boat，dolphins signal(发信号)to the fishermen to put their nets in the the men can catch a lot of is the advantage for the dolphins? why do they h 85 the men? the dolphins can get some of the fish.g
last week john visited england．he stayed with my said it was a strange visit.“i don’t understand, but i frightened your grandmother a lot．when i a76 , i gave her a
p77 from looked in it and asked me to take it back．then i saw a red spider on the table so i killed it for her and she s 77 very english people like spiders?
“later we went e was painting a shop front, so there was a other stopped me from walking under it and said i must walk a 78 it.i liked the shops and bought a smart umbrella for my father and some new shoes for we got back, i put the shoes on the table and open the umbrella to s79 if it was all grandmother came in and cried out!”
“then i broke a small mirror in the b80 , when i washed my grandmother’s face went w 81.i felt very i left i gave your grandmother some
c82 and there were didn’t like it.i think she was happy i was going.”
i explained to john, “my grandmother f83 the old must not give someone an e 84 purse or they will have no must not kill a ‘money spider’ or the same will it is very unlucky to walk under a ladder and to put new shoes on the open umbrella in a house means someone will die.b85 a mirror brings seven years’ bad luck, and 13 is also a very unlucky were really making my grandmother very afraid of you.”
h
more and more families like to keep dogs as not all dog owners think of o 76 while they are walking their many towns and cities around the world f77 a mess of left behind feces（粪便）from february of this year, a town in france started a new p78 to teach dog owners a government sent about 20 volunteers to search the streets carefully, l 79 for humans who wouldn’t clean up after their volunteers who seemed to have no c____ __80 aim would then move nearer to the pet owner, then start a c________81 to get the dog’s name.“with the name of the dog and its type, we can e82 discover the owner from the registered database(信息库)held in the town hall” an officer e volunteers would then pick up the dog feces and the package would be p84 to the pet owner’s the past few m 85, the town has seen a 70% decrease(减少)in the amount of dog feces left on public streets.i
a new camera made by a french company can recognize(辨别出) can tell parents at work that their children have r________76 from school, or that the mail has been s_______77 to their can also tell them if a stranger has entered their family m_______78enter a home, the smart camera “recognizes” them and sends i_______79 to the owner’s owner can c________80 to see the video then or if an unknown person enters a home, the camera will send a warning s_______81 on the owner’s is what happened recently to a smart home camera owner named lives in paris.“on a friday i was at work, h_______82 a big monthly meeting when my phone first i told myself ‘oh, it must be a w________83 warn,’ but my phone was telling me there was a face that the camera did not ing was happening in my house!”
“i saw a person i did not know with his shoes on, which is not allowed in my apartment.i watched it on the video.i felt quite surprised.i h_______84 back home as fast as possible and called the police on the to the smart camera, the criminal was c________85 soon,” said damien.
首字母填词的技巧篇三
2014年上海中考英语改革解析——首字母
★字母section 解题秘籍
▲答题步骤：
– 阅读全文（粗读和细读）
– 判断所缺单词词性
– 填出使文章完整通顺的单词
– 检查所填单词的数和时态
▲解题重点：
– 词性（尤其是长句）；
– 上下文；
– 固定搭配
– 积累高频词汇；复查语法
▲注意事项： 会判断词性，具备分析句子的结构和成分能力 2 关注细节（时态，语态，人称，名词单复数，形容词副词的级）
3一般全文中5-6个单词相对比较简单，可顺利填出 要学会猜测单词，不留空格 不要在一时拿不定主意的词上纠缠
▲解题难点：
考纲词汇生僻或冷门词汇；
一词多义的词；
实战秘籍揭示：
1.关注特征题目
i.具特征：l_____, h_____, s______, b______,a____........，……....或t___......,…...(前后半句有反意的信息)果断填写
（13普陀）it was quite difficult, and i had to study very hard.l 88 , i got a good mark in the exam in the end.(13浦东一模)h __90__ , ross anderson, a computer security engineer at the university of cambridge, thinks the i_ _91__ could put microsoft in big trouble.(13浦东二模)it’s not easy for us to forgive(原谅)someone who has ever hurt you or made you disappointed.h 86 , several new studies say that it could be good for your health.(11上海)b____96____, you need to make up a story.（13长宁）a___87___ he had not seen it for more than 20 years, he recognized it immediately.（13奉贤）a____89____ the internet has made our world better in many ways, in some ways it can be a bad .具特征much/even______ … than… 加形容词比较级
（13奉贤）the internet makes it much e____86____ for people to search for information.（13松江）“goods online are often much c _ also saves me a lot of time.(13杨浦)some pop groups find that m 86 people listen to their songs on their mobile phones than they do on many people have mobile phones that sometimes you don’t know when your phone rings.（13杨浦二模）when there is only one parent, of course the responsibilities of looking after the children are much h____89____ for him or .具特征w______ doing i______ of doing(13崇明)you will be able to review your teacher’s lecture w___92___ even getting online again.（崇明二模）one family in the uk went “back in time” to see what life was like w 96 having all the modern .具特征w______ a or b e______ a or b（中考模拟）in this way, they could find out w_______ the stranger was a friend or an enemy.（13闸北二模）in all, 50% of wayview students get to school in a vehicle, e 88 the bus or a car.v.关注转折词 in fact, but, however 一般前后意思相反
（崇明二模）“life is speeding ne is becoming unwell.” this may sound like something someone would say t in fact, an unknown person who lived in rome in ad 53 wrote .具颠覆整句句意的词：h____, s_____, r_____(中考模拟)80% british people who take part in the survey feel that their neighbours h_____ pay attention to others’ feelings.（12徐汇）“i don’t see what’s so interesting about these streets are too narrow---i could h___91___ drive my car down them.(12静安)at home, girls learned washing, cooking, dancing, and the basics of taking care of a children s 91 attended school.（13虹口二模）i like driving, just out of ’s lucky that i s________ drive without a i can earn three or four thousand yuan a month .具修饰整句子的副词: r_____, e_____(中考模拟)but have all these developments r 93 improved the quality of our lives?(12浦东)nobody knows e 88 how many hutongs there are in nowadays beijing.2.注意平行结构
a and b 特点 1词性相同 ii意思相近or 相反
变式：逗号, or, but, better than, rather than, from a to b（13普陀）i got on the plane with ten other took off from the runway and c 90 higher and higher.（13奉贤）but remember to use the internet p____92____ and wisely.（13崇明）in an online classroom your teacher’s lecture is written rather than s___88_____.(12上海)cycling with a large guided group is better than r____92 ____ alone.(12 黄浦)later, i knew an exam was a kind of competitions, there are always w 90 and losers.（13浦东一模）microsoft is developing a new software that could accurately guess your name, your age, your s 87 and possibly even your location.（11杨浦）“don’t throw out your o 93 running are better than modern ones,” the study suggests.（13浦东二模）they also have fewer headaches, l 90 blood pressure(血压), and fewer problems on sleeping.(12宝山)it has one hundred and three levels and six thousand five hundred rs can ride in one of seventy-three elevators that take them from the b__87__ to very near the top of the of these elevators are very fast, reaching the eightieth floor in only forty-five seconds.3．合理判断词性(动词注意时态，名词注意单复数)★名词
（12浦东）but if we connected all the hutongs together, their total l 89 would even be longerthan the famous great wall, which is about 4,000 miles.（13静安二模）you can even look on the internet at sites such as you can have an e 92 of things you have for something else that you would like to have.★形容词
（13普陀）my parents visited space last year, but i was too y 86 to go with them.i admit that for a few seconds i felt a little n 91 when i sat in the space shuttle.（12静安）in the renaissance period(文艺复兴时期)(1500-1650), people became interested in higher wanted to learn the a 86 languages such as greek and latin – languages that were used in the old times, and study mathematics, science, and so universities were set up during the 16th century.(11静安)don’t feel ’s not your fault（过错）!being bullied can make you feel very l 93___ and angry, but you are not alone.（13闵行二模）in the northeast and middle west, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other in these states have more heart trouble because of the c____86____ weather in february or march.（13闵行二模）low air pressure(压力)may make people leave more bags on buses and in shops on low air pressure days.(12徐汇)“it’s really s___87___---we’re in the middle of one of the biggest cities in the world, but in these hutongs it feels as if we are in a village in the countryside.★动词原形or一.过
（13松江一模）“middle school students should pay more attention to their ing for things w 92 their time.”
（13闸北一模）many online stores o 87 abig discount(打折)and free delivery service.(13浦东二模)on the other hand, studies p 87 that something like anger can change you（12静安二模）university education was a privilege(特权)of the were not allowed to attend and poor people could not a 87 to go.★动词过去分词（被动语态）特征：be动词+v(p.p)+(by)（13松江二模）beyond supermarkets, barcodes are n 89 everywhere: for renting cars, for luggage checks on a plane, for parcels you send;（13闵行二模）are you feeling sad, tired, unhappy or hard to remember things today? if you have one of the above feelings, it may be c____92____ by weather because weather influences people’s health, intelligence and feelings.（12黄浦二模）in africa, when an antelope(羚羊)wakes up every morning, the first thing it thinks about is, “i must be able to run faster than the fastest lion, or i will be k 86.”（12静安二模）he might study at different universities and since(既然)the teaching was all d 88 inlatin, it didn’t matter(v.= be important)which country he studied in.（13长宁二模）in many countries, oral storytelling is still important, but in most countries now, stories are written down and p 88 in books.★副词
（13长宁）the package consisted of a long, narrow box, c___86___wrapped(包装)in brown paper.（13闸北）young students are e 91 attracted by advertisements on the internet and buy things they don’t need.★疑问词
（13闸北）“i like eating duck neck very much and i often buy it on taobao from shops in ’s much more delicious than w 90 our local stores sell.”
（13杨浦）now you can have a different sound for every person you address book is used to find out w 91 is calling.（12松江）now speaking the foreign language is w 87 most people want.4.注意固定搭配
pay a_____ to 关注 f_______ on an interesting person 关注一个有趣的人
a_____ wine to the recipe 把红酒加入菜谱
by h______用手写 be on s_____ 大甩卖 to my s_______ 让我吃惊的是
be so d_____ from 与…如此不同 be the s______ as 与…相同
it o us good opportunities to meet people from other countries, learn about their c_____ and c_______.它给我们提供和其他国家人见面，学习他们的文化和习俗的好机会
in p_____ 在公众场合 financially i________ 经济独立
have no i______ in following fashion 对追逐时尚不感兴趣—> show great i_____ in…
be l_____ / c_____ to … 连接到。。b____,= in a_____, 除此之外 b_____ a and b 在两者之间 l______ traffic 交通通畅
be n_____ about 对。。紧张 he feels so f______ 感到如此惊恐
be p_____ with 对。。耐心 be c_____ with 对。。小心（13杨浦）
make their teachers feel w_______ 使他们的老师感到担忧
think about c_____ for help 想到求助他人
be more l______ to do 更有可能做 keep his p______ 信守诺言
a_____ the world= t_______ the world 整个世界
share many life e_________ 分享很多生活经历
get into the h______ 养成习惯 are f______ with 你所熟悉的。。
do r______ on the internet 在网上做调查 be f______ for 以… 而著名
be f_____ of =be k_____ on喜爱 be a_____ with sb.对… 生气 be m____ up of 由…组成
be l_____ in/on 坐落于… be p____/s______ with 对…满意
have a s _ of public manners 有公共道德的意识 do something in e_______ 做些事作为交换
to my s_______ 让我感到惊奇的是
travel for s_______ 观光旅行
search for the a_____/k______ to the mysteries of space 寻找太空秘密的答案
首字母填词的技巧篇四
a
robot vogel is a p officer in new morning, he was drinking coffee in a ly a man ran in and shouted, “officer!a car is going down the officer vogel ran out of the restaurant and saw a car going at about 25 miles an jumped he was behind it, he turned on his red light and siren(警笛of the road and r vogel got out of his police car and looked driver was a littleseat was his littlechildren were crying.”i want my mommy!“ rocco cried.”but she can't get here, i have the car.“ then he had an idea ”just a minute,“ he told officer vogel.”i can drive.i will go to get her.“ ”no!“ officer vogel said.“you stay with me.”
officer vogel drove rocco and his sister to the police he called theirfrom thehis father was at work and his mother was rocco, and a lot of reporters went to his reporter asked rocco, “what do you want to be when you grow up?” rocco smiled “i want to be a truck driver,” he said.b
one day a man put an ad in most of the newspapers in said that he himself was a young man of ’d like toa girl to be his wife, and the girl must be like the one in books wby somerest ad was at once k by thousands of parents and young s went to shops to look for the books written by bought those books for their daughters as tried to get those books to wanted to know what kind of girl the rich and wise young man long all the books written by maugham were sout and the writer was known all over the was the rich man? it was somerest maugham who put an ad in the newspapers!the ad s, too!
c
up my first job as a students in my class were about sixteen or seventeen years old, only several years than fact, some of them looked older and seemed more like some of them even didn’t listen to me c___3__ in classroom was on the second floor and it was directly above the day, i was writing on the blackboard w____4____ i heard a sudden change in the noise behind was a man standing in the room with half an apple in his lookeda____5____
“who threw this？”he shouted, looking around the class.“i beg your pardon？”i said.“s___6_____ threw this apple out of the window.” he said,“it landed on my car.”
“who threw an apple out of the window？”i shouted to the was no a_____7___.“i want the one who threw this.” said the man, “i will be waiting outside for you.”and then he left, slamming(摔)the was silence and i went on w____8____the the end of every lesson, as the bell rang, usually the class were all gone before it finished r___9___, leaving me saying “that's all for today, ”to an empty time, when the bell went for the end of the lesson, no one m___10____.“that's all for today,”i said, “you go first, sir.”said one of the made a nice change, being first out.d
life is not you should learn to enjoy your to stay and are some ways to help you live your life more down all the good can make you as for the bad thinking of not try to with might have a bigger house or a more in your life may be very busy，you don’t have to do what o7ask you to do each er to tell your family and friends that you love can go hiking in the mountains to can make you can also go to the beach to enjoy beach new ’s always s__10___ new to a book or learn on a computer, they can open your mind to the a helping hand to is also helpful for yourselves and make them happier, and you will be the happiest of all.e
everybody has one of those days when everything goes is what h__1__ to morning, he got up very late because his clock t__2__ to shave(刮脸)quickly and cut he got dressed, he got blood all over his shirt,so he had to find a__3_ only other shirt that was clean n_4__ ironing(熨).while he was ironing it, there was a knock at the was the man to collect money for he paid the water b_5__ and showed the man out, he found the iron had burnt a hole in his he had to wear the one with the blood on it after this time it was very late, so he t_6__ he couldn’t go to work by c_7__ for a taxi to take him to another part of the town, a man had killed a woman with a knife and was s_8__ to run away in a harry’s taxi stopped outside his office, a policeman happened to be s_9__ saw the blood on harry’s shirt, and took him to the police was k__10_ till 3 o’clock the police found out that he was not the man they he finally arrived at the office at about 4 p.m., his boss took a look at him and told him to find another
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