一键复制
在日常学习、工作或生活中，大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧，通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想，聚集在一块。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗？下面是小编帮大家整理的优质范文，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
翻译经贸类文章的方法篇一
e the united nations, human rights matters have been discussed with the group of 7 major industrialized countries and the non-allied movement at their summit meetings, as well as with the organization of american states, the organization of african unity, the association of south-east asian nations, european union, the commonwealth of independent states, the rio group and in other important regional and subregional forums.2.按人口计算，中国是世界上最大的国家;按领土面积计算，是第三大国家，仅次于俄罗斯和加拿大。
in terms of population, china is the largest country in the world;and in terms of territorial area, it is the third, ranking only after russia and canada.2.众所周知，中国的自然资源十分丰富，这使得中国具备良好的条件发展工农业。
china is known to be very rich in natural resources, this puts her in a good position to develop hers industry and agriculture.3.历史记载表明，到16世纪时，中国人已经发明了纸，并且传入了欧洲，使欧洲人大感惊奇。
historical records indicate that by the 16th century the chinese had already invented paper and had it brought to europe, causing great amazement among the europeans.4.中国的1,800公里长的大运河，建成于公元610年，流经17个城市，是世界上最古老，最长的人工水道。
china’s 1.800-kilometer long grand canal, which was completed in 610 ad and flows through 17 cities, is the world’s oldest and longest man-made waterway.5.为了改善环境，中国最大的，人口最密的城市－上海，正在计划建造一座占地300多公顷的森林公园，称为“超级绿肺”。
in order to better its environment, shanghai, china’s largest and most populous city is planning to build a forest park spreading out over 300 hectares of land, to be known as the “super green lung”.6.“园中之园”的圆明园，其建设与修复延续了150年，经历清朝的五代皇帝。1860年，在第二次鸦片战争期间，曾被英法军队烧成平地;而到1900年，则更进一步为八国联军所毁。
the “garden of gardens”, yuan ming yuan, which underwent 150 years of construction and renovation under five emperors in qing dynasty, was burned down by the british and french troops in 1860 during the second opium war and then further destroyed by the allied army of eight powers in 1900.7.长江三角洲区域，占有全国人口的6％，提供全国国内生产总值的1/5以上，所以这一区域的发展，必然会对促进中国的经济建设起很大的作用。
as the yangtze river delta area takes up 6% of china’s total population and contributes more than 1/5 of the country‘s gdp;its development will absolutely play a great role in speeding up china’s economic construction.8.亚马逊河流域具有世界上有名的复杂生态系统，中国的科学家在2004年7月首次来到该地区，进行科学考察研究。
the amazon basin boasts a world-famous, complex ecosystem;chinese scientist, for the first time, came to this region in july, 2004, to make scientific probes and studies.9.在华南，春天和初夏是多雨季节，有许多日子会见到倾盆大雨，或者是跟随着台风而来的暴雨。
in south china, spring and early summer are wet seasons, with quite a number of days experiencing torrential downpours or rainstorm that accompany typhoons.10.橡胶原来是南美巴西的产物，在十九世纪下半叶传到别的国家。现在，世界上大部分的橡胶，是生产在赤道南北各10°的中间地带上。
rubber, originally a product of brazil in south america, spread to other countries in the latter half of the 19th ys, the bulk of the world’s rubber in grown between 10°n and 10°s of the equator.11.令人意料不到的是，硅谷既不是一个富有硅的地方，也不是一个山谷。它之所以得名，仅仅是因为它是一个新兴的、以硅为基础的电子工业的中心。unexpectedly, silicon valley is neither a place abundant in silicon nor a mountain has gained its name simply because it is a newly developed center of silicon-based electronics industry.12.亚洲是世界上最大的洲，在地理上变化最多，其地貌包括巨大的、由沙漠覆盖着的高原，也包括像喜马拉雅山这样的高山，而喜马拉雅山的珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。
asia, the world’s largest continent, is the most geographically diverse, its landforms including giant desert-covered plateaus and such high mountains as the himalayas, whose t is the tallest in the world.13.太平洋几乎和其他三个大洋加起来一样大，其最深部分达到海面下10,973米，这个深度甚至超过了喜马拉雅山世界最高峰的高度。
the pacific ocean is nearly as large as the other three combined, its deepest part being 10,973 m below sea level, a distance even greater than the height of the earth’s tallest peak in the himalayas.14.所谓岛屿，就是一块四面环水的陆地，地球上有无数的岛屿，从最大的格陵兰到只有几米宽的小块陆地不等。中国的两个最大岛屿是台湾和海南。
an island is land completely surrounded by water;earth has countless islands, ranging from greenland, the biggest one, to tiny spots of land are only a few meters two biggest islands in china are taiwan and hainan.15.全球性的气候变迁，主要见于地球大气的逐渐变暖，现正受到全世界的注意，因为这种变迁会对世界人民的生活产生巨大的影响。
global climate changes, mainly seen in the gradual warming of the earth’s atmosphere, are attracting worldwide attention, for such changes could greatly impact the lives of world people.16.长江是中国最长的河流，长江上的三峡发电厂是一项正在进行中的十分巨大的工程，该厂所要用的发电机将是世界上最大的机组。
the yangtze is the china’s longest three gorges power station is a gigantic project under construction;the generators the station is to use will be the largest units in the world.17.北京人大约生活在公元前460,000年到230,000年之间，能够用火，并能制造石头工具，是早期旧石器时期人类的一个好实例。
peking man, who lived from about 460,000 bc to 230,000 bc and who was able to use fire and make stone tools, is a good example of early old stone age men.18.中国的万里长城是在两千多年前建成的，是在把封建王公们为了防御野蛮民族入侵而建筑的城堡连接起来的基础上建成的。the china’s great wall was built more than 2,000 years ago on the basis of joining together the forts built by feudal lords to protect their land against invasions by barbarians.19.中国的大河流都是从西流向东，使得南北之间的交通相对来说比较困难，因此铁路和公路成为了国家经济上必不可少的设施。
all china’s great rivers flow from west to east, making transportation between the south and the north relatively difficult, as a result, railroads and highways have become indispensable for national economy.20.在中世纪，有大量的丝绸从中国运到中东和欧洲，走的是古代的丝绸之路，到今天这条路还有痕迹可寻。
during the middle ages, large amounts of silk were brought to the middle east and europe from china along the ancient silk road, which is still traceable nowadays.21.鸦片战争打开了中国长期封闭的门户，标志着帝国主义一系列侵略中国领土的开端。
the opium war broke open the china’s long-closed door, and marked the beginning of a succession of imperialist aggressions upon china’s territory.22.是埃及人首先采用一年365天的日历，这种日历经过某些改动，今天有许多国家都在使用。
it was egyptians who first used the 365-day calendar, which, with certain changes, it now in use in many countries.23.甚至在今天，也没有人能够明确知道古代埃及人是怎样建成金字塔的;有些人甚至认为，也许有某种地球以外的力量参与。
even today, no one knows with certainty how ancient egyptians built the people even go as far as to consider that certain forms of extraterrestrial might have been involved.24.希腊被说成是西方文明的发源地，因为古代希腊有过高度发达的文化;而且许多文明思想和新发现，都是由希腊传遍全欧洲的。
greece is said to be the cradle of western civilization, for ancient greece had a highly developed culture and it was from here that plenty of civilized ideas and new discoveries spread throughout europe.25.哥伦布曾一共四次航行到美洲，并且一度到达过南美洲的北岸，但是他始终没有意识到发现了一块新大陆，而一直以为这块地就是印度。
columbus made a total of four voyages to america, once reached the north coast of south america, but he never realized he has discovered a new land, which he had always thought to be india.
翻译经贸类文章的方法篇二
经济贸易
我愿借此机会谨代表我所有的同事，对你们的热情接待表示衷心的感谢。// 在伦敦度过的这五天是令人愉快、令人难以忘怀的。// 我特别要赞颂我们的英国合作伙伴，没有贵方的努力我们无法成功地达成合作协议。// 让我们为两家公司永久的友谊与合作，干杯！//
中国执行改革开放政策。越来越多的外国商人来华投资。// 我国幅员辽阔，劳动力资源丰富，市场潜力大。// 投资兴办合资企业时，贵方可以提供资金、机械、技术和管理方法。// 这种投资方法对我们合作双方来说，都有丰厚的经济回报。
处于世纪之交的上海正在迅速发展为世界经济、金融和贸易中心之一。上海金融业的发展尤为引人注目，现已逐渐形成了一个具有相当规模与影响的金融市场体系。// 浦西的外滩和浦东的陆家嘴已成了各国大银行青睐的金融黄金宝地。// 上海这颗璀璨的东方明珠以其特有的魅力召唤有远见卓识的金融家来此大展鸿图。
中国是一个发展中的社会主义国家，中国的发展不但直接影响中国人民的未来，而且也极大地影响亚洲和世界的发展与进步。// 今晚在座的各位商界领袖都是各行业的成功人士，你们拥有丰富的管理经验和战略眼光。// 既然你们已把眼光投向中国，中国欢迎你们。中国的经济发展将为你们提供大量的机会。// 中国政府将为来华投资的外国企业提供优惠条件并且创造更好的投资环境。
在改革开放的20年中，中国的经济发展迅速，人民生活不断改善，贫困人口大幅减少。// 尽管中国人有理由为过去的成就感到高兴，但是，还不能太骄傲。中国在今后相当长的时间内仍然是发展中国家。// 现在，全国人民的共识是：中国人还要更加努力，要继续坚持艰苦奋斗的原则，向发达国家学习。// 中国争取用五十年不到的时间，把中国人民的生活提高到小康水平。所以，今后的中心任务就是发展经济。（参考答案）
in the past two decades of reforming and opening to the outside world, china has witnessed a fast booming in economy, a great increase in social productivity, a constant improvement in people's life and a big reduction in poverty population.// although the chinese people have every reason to take delight in the past achievements, they can not be too proud of will remain a developing country in a quite long period of time in the future.// now, it is the common understanding of the chinese people that they should work more diligently, continue to carry out the principle of hard struggle and learn from the developed countries.// china tries to raise the people's living standard to a well-off level in less than 50 ore, the future essential task is to promote economy.中国确实像你们所说的是个大国。不过，目前我们的石油出口量还是很少的。我们一贯支持欧佩克在油输出国组织在稳定世界油价方面所做的努力。我想，石油输出国组织国家如果能经常聚在一起，讨论稳定油价问题，对世界各国都是有好处的。既然在座的各位对当前中国的石油输出政策很感兴趣，我想就此说几句。我们的基本政策还是在平等互利，互通有无的基础上出口有限的石油。不过，随着中国进～步对外开放，一些新的贸易做法会迅速涌现。我们的经营将比过去更灵活。
（参考答案）
as you say, china is a big r, at present our oil exports ore still very ’ve always been supportive of the opec countries in their efforts to stabilize world oil prices.i think it is in the interest of all the countries in the world if the opec countries come together regularly and discuss how oil prices can be people here take great interest in china’s oil export policy, i would like to say a few words about basic policy is still to export limited amount of oil on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, and each supplying the other’s r, with china’s further opening to the outside world，new trade practices will emerge very fast．we will become more flexible in business than before．
中国政府重视吸引外资，也重视使用外资，包括使用国外企业的直接投资和间接投资。中国将继续鼓励外资企业向农业、高新科技工业和基础工业投资。中国还将继续拓宽国外投资的范围。国家将进一步鼓励公开招标，在石油化工和建筑业中更多地利用外资。此外，中国将努力改善投资布局，采取有效措施引导和鼓励外资企业向中西部投资，以促进该地区的快速发展。
（参考答案）
the chinese government attaches importance to attracting and using foreign use of foreign capital includes both direct and indirect investment from overseas businesses.// china will further encourage foreign business to invest in agriculture, new-and-high-tech industries and basic industries.// china will also continue to expand the sphere of foreign will further encourage open bidding and make more use of foreign capita in petrochemical and building industries.// besides, china will strive to improve the distribution of investments, and adopt effective measures to guide and encourage foreign investment in central and western regions, so as to accelerate the economic development in those regions.同志们，近年来，我们在配合“走出去”战略实施方面取得了一些成绩和经验，但是，这还不够。// 在如何更好地发挥我外交资源优势配合企业“走出去”，尤其是在支持民营和中到海外参与国际竞争方面，我们还有很多潜力可挖。// 我们要与企业界不断加强联系和配合，要更多地听取大家的宝贵意见，以更好地为经济发展战略服务。// 让我们共同努力，为维护国家主权和安全、促进我国发展做出新的贡献，实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标。//（参考答案）
fellow comrades, in recent years, we have had initial achievements and experience in the area of diplomacy supporting the strategy of “going global”.nevertheless, that’s not enough.// there are still plenty of potentials to be tapped in making better / full use of our diplomatic resources to support businesses to go global, in particular, in supporting private, small and medium-size businesses to go abroad to participate in the international competition.// greater coordination and support between the diplomatic and business circle are need to further listen to the precious ideas of the public to better serve the national economic development.// let’s work together to make even more contributions to safeguarding national sovereignty and security and promoting national development so as to realize the objective of building a better-off society in an all-round way.欢迎各位光临中国进出口商品交易会。中国进出口商品交易会又称广交会，创办于1957年，每年春秋两季在广州举办。// 交易会已发展成为综合性、多功能的国际性盛会，它是中国目前规模最大、商品种类最全、到会客商最多的贸易展会。// 交易会已进出口贸易为主，还可以开展多种形式的经济技术合作与交流，贸易方式灵活多样。// 来自世界各地的客商云集广州。广交会确实是一次互通商情、建立商务关系、增进友谊的盛会。（参考答案）
welcome to the chinese import and export commodities chinese export commodities fair, also known as canton fair, make its first appearance in the fair is held twice a year in spring and autumn.// the fair has developed into a comprehensive and multi-functional event of international is china’s largest trade fair with the most complete varieties of also registers the largest attendance.// the fair features import and export also provides a convenient platform on which various types of business activities such as economic and technical cooperation and exchanges are carried out in flexible ways.// business people from all over the world are gathering in exchange business information, establish business contacts and develop friendship, making the fair a truly great business event.//
经过二十多年的快速发展，西部地区已奠定了一定的物质和技术基础，市场经济体制在逐步完善之中。／／
这些都为西部经济持续快速增长创造了有利的市场环境。同时，中国政府把调整经济结构和促进对外开放结合起来。／／
随着西部大开发战略的稳步推进，西部地区的资源优势将得到充分发挥，经济增长的质量和水平将进一步提高。／／
中国政府将着力改善投资环境，进一步增强对外商投资的吸引力。目前的工作重点是致力于完善投资的软环境。//
（参考答案）
the rapid development over the past 20 years and more has laid down certain material and technological foundation in the west。the market economic system is in the process of improvement.// all these have created a favorable market environment for the sustained and fast economic progress in the western regions．meanwhile，the chinese government has combined the work of economic restructuring with the promotion of opening up．／／
as the strategy of developing the western regions is steadily pushed forward，the resources and economic advantages of the west will be brought into full play so that the quality and level of its economic growth will be further raised．／／
the chinese government will make elaborate efforts to improve the investment climate to make the environment more attractive to foreign investors．at present，priority is given to the improvement of the soft environment for foreign investment．//
中国经济将开始转变。这种转变令政府感到高兴，并得到私营企业的支持。中国政府多年来一直寻求缩小东部沿海地区富裕城市与不发达的农村地区之间的不平衡发展。目前，13亿中国人口中有8亿人生活在不发达的农村地区，中国政府将鼓励这种工业迁徙。中国在卫生和教育方面的公共开支2006年都将大幅增加。中国大多数农民没有退休保障，也没有医疗保险，他们还不得不支付孩子上学的高昂学费，他们积攒下微薄的收入，尽量避免任何不必要的开支。这些担忧长期阻碍了中国国内消费的发展。
key: china’s economy will start its will make the government happy and help them get the support from private chinese government has been looking for the solution to the imbalanced growth between prosperous cities in the eastern coastal areas and undeveloped rural tly, 8 hundred million out of 1.3 billion population are living in those poor chinese government will encourage this kind of industrial ’s public expenditure in 2006 will see a big increase in the fields of public health and of chinese farmers have no pension nor hospital-treatment have to afford expensive tuition fees or their children’s try to avoid paying for some unnecessary expenses with small income they’ve worries have hindered for a long time the development of china’s domestic consumption.今年以来，我国经济增长速度平稳较快，企业效益继续改善，城乡居民收入增长较快，市场价格基本稳定，国内外需求旺盛，国民经济和社会发展总体形势良好。但是，对存在的一些较突出问题，也需要引起高度重视，主要是固定资产投资增长过快，银行信贷增加过多，农业增产和农民增收难度依然较大。只要我们坚持以科学发展观统领全局，继续实施稳健的财政政策和货币政策，保持宏观经济政策的连续性和稳定性，加强对经济运行态势的监测，采取措施解决存在的突出问题，就一定能够保持国民经济的持续平稳较快发展。
key: the above statistics show that the national economic and social development is on the upbeat featured by fast yet stable economic growth, improved enterprises efficiency, rapid income growth for urban and rural households, stable market prices and brisk external and internal r, it should be noted that there are prominent problems that call for our attention, such as rapid growth of investment in fixed assets and of bank loans, and difficulty in maintaining agricultural growth and increasing farmers’ r, as long as we continue to guide the overall economic and social development by a scientific approach to development, continue to pursue prudent fiscal policy and monetary policy , maintain the continuity and stability of various macroeconomic policies of the central government, enhance the monitoring of the trend of economic development, and adopt relevant measures to solve the existing problems, the national economy will keep its fast yet stable growth.《财富》500强企业中已有400多家在华投资，外商投资在华设立的研发中心达700多家。随着中国的不断发展，中国同世界各国和各类企业的合作必将进一步扩大。中国将继续稳步开放市场，创新引进外资的形式，完善有关鼓励和保护外商投资的法律法规，改革涉外经济管理体制，加强知识产权保护，努力为中国的对外经贸合作和外国来华投资提供一切便利，创造更好的环境。key: over 400 firms out of the fortune 500 have invested in number of r&d centers set up by foreign investors in china has exceeded china becomes more developed, its cooperation with the other countries and their corporations of various types is bound to increase in will keep opening up its market, find new ways of using foreign capital, improve on legislations and regulations for encouraging and protecting foreign investors, revamp foreign economic management, step up protection of intellectual property rights, and work still harder to help foreign investors and create an even better environment for trade and economic cooperation between china and the world.整体实力迈上新台阶。一是保险业务较快增长。保险业是国民经济中增长最快的行业之一，2002年以来我国保费收入年均增长17.3%，2005年达到4927亿元，是2002年的1.6倍。二是市场体系逐步完善。目前，保险机构达到100家，初步形成了国有控股（集团）公司、股份制公司、政策性公司、专业性公司、外资保险公司等多种组织形式、多种所有制成份并存，公平竞争、共同发展的市场格局。三是资产规模不断壮大。目前，保险公司总资产达到1.8万亿元，是2002年的2.8倍。保险业资本金总量达到1100亿元，是2002年的2.6倍。四是国际影响逐步扩大。三年来我国保费收入年均增幅比世界平均水平高8个百分点，2005年我国保费收入世界排名第11位，占全球总保费收入的1.8%，比2002年提高了0.4个百分点。key: overall strength has been enhanced to a new y, insurance business has achieved a rapid nce industry has become one of the fastest growing industries in national economy: its annual premium income has been growing by 17.3 percent on average since 2002 and reached as high as rmb 492.7 billion yuan in 2005, 60 percent more than that of , the market system has been gradually tly, there are 100 insurance institutions in china, and a market of fair competition and common development has been fostered preliminarily, with the coexistence of diversified forms of organization and varied types of ownership, including state-owned holding companies(groups), joint-stock companies, policy-oriented companies, specialized companies and foreign-invested insurance y, assets keep tly, total assets of insurance companies have reached rmb 1.8 trillion yuan, which is 2.8 times that of 2002, and capital of insurance industry have reached rmb 110 billion yuan, seeing a growth of 160 percent over , global influence of chinese insurance industry is gradually ’s average annual growth rate of premium income in the past three years has been 8 percent higher than the world’s 2005, china’s premium income ranked 11th globally, accounting for 1.8 percent of the world’s total premium income, 0.4 percent more than that in rumsfeld, who resigned as e secretary was known for colorful quotes during his long caree in ing are some memorable ones.-----reports that say that something hasn't happened are always interesting to me, because as we know, there are known are things we know we also know there are known is to say we know there are some things we do not there are also unkown unkowns---the ones we don't know we don't if one looks throughout the history of our country and other free countries, it is the latter category that tend to be the difficult ones.国际国内经济环境中仍然存在许多不确定因素，今年中国经济发展面临的形势极其复杂。我们将保持宏观经济政策的连续性和稳定性，继续实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，同时根据新形势新情况着力提高政策的针对性和灵活性。关键是处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构和管理好通胀预期的关系，着力提高经济增长质量和效益，切实防范可能出现的风险。key: however, there still remain many uncertainties in domestic and external economic environment, and the road toward china’s further economic development this year is beset by extreme tackle these problems, we will keep continuity and stability of our macro economic policies, continue to follow a proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy and make our policies better targeted and more flexible in response to new key in achieving this goal is to strike a balance among promoting steady and fast growth, readjusting economic structure and properly managing inflation will endeavor to raise the quality and efficiency of growth and take effective measures to fend off potential risks.20国集团会议是一个具有广泛代表性的重要国际经济论坛。成员国人口占世界总人口的三分之二，涵盖了世界最主要的发达国家、发展中国家和转轨国家。20国集团各成员应该在平等互利、求同存异、灵活务实的基础上开展对话，加强交流与合作。
20国集团成员国应该努力增进互信，扩大共识，协调行动，加强南北对话，促进全球减贫。在健全国际经济贸易体制和规则、完善国际经济金融体系等方面，发挥更大、更积极的实质性作用。让我们顺应时代潮流，共同努力建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。（参考答案）
the g20 meeting is recognized as a widely representative international economic ed by population size, it accounts for two thirds of the world members include the primary players of both developed and developing countries as well as those in transition.g20 members must, on the basis of equality and mutual benefits, seeking common ground while shelving differences, engage(themselves)in flexible and pragmatic dialogues and increase / enhance their exchanges and cooperation.g20 members must seek to build up mutual trust, expand consensus and coordinate should work to enhance north-south dialogue and facilitate global efforts in poverty should play bigger and more active roles in ameliorating the international trading systems and rules and improving the international economic and financial us go with the stream and join hands to build a harmonious world featuring enduring peace and common prosperity.
翻译经贸类文章的方法篇三
旅游类文章的翻译
１．東京
林立する巨大なビル群、街並みの上を走る高速道路、そして街角には車の洪水と人の波、地下には網の目のように地下鉄がめぐらされています。東京は、これらが浑然一体となった世界最大の都会です。華やかなイルミネーションに飾られた街角もあれば、気取らない通りもあります。整然としたオフィス街もあれば、ごみごみした横丁もあります。雑多な躍動がそのままエネルギーとなって新しいものを創り出し、変貌させ、都会の魅力を形作っています。
２．富士箱根伊豆国立公園
富士箱根伊豆国立公園は、内外を問わず、多くの観光客を根強く集めております。ここには富士五湖を秘めた富士山、芦ノ湖のある箱根、そして温泉と美しい海岸線の風景の散在する伊豆半島といった三つの観光名所があります。
富士山（高さ3776メートル）は、高さや形が日本一であるだけでなく、日本のシンボル、世界の秀峰です。昔から「フジヤマ、サクラ、ゲイシャ」と言われるほど有名な日本観光の名物です。
3.昆明
昆明，云南省省会，具有2400多年的历史，是云南省政治、经济、文化、科技、交通的中心，同时也是我国著名的旅游城市。昆明地处云贵高原中部，海拔1891米。南濒滇池，三面环山。气候温和，夏无酷暑，冬无严寒，四季如春，气候宜人，是极富盛名的“春城”。悠久的历史、独特的地质结构，还为昆明留下了众多的文物古迹和风景名胜。昆明是一个发展中的国际旅游城市，目前，已形成了以世博会为中心集自然风光和民族风情为一体的四季皆宜的旅游胜地。
4.黄山
黄山风景秀丽，“奇松、怪石、云海、温泉”被称为“黄山四绝”，神奇的冬景和壮美的日出，更让人流连忘返。山中有名可数的就有七十二峰，莲花峰为黄山主峰，海拔高度在一千八百米以上，山峰有如盛开的莲花一般，由此而得名。黄山无处不松，奇特的古松，难以胜数。而黄山云流动于千峰万壑之间，峰出云端，仿佛海上小岛，使人不禁觉得到了天上人间。
翻译经贸类文章的方法篇四
********经贸有限公司
简 介
公司地址：
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*******经贸有限公司成立于***年****月，为增值税一般纳税人，初始注册资金*****万元，经营范围包括：建筑材料、矿产品、五金交电、日用百货的购销，是一家独立核算，自负盈亏，具有独立法人资格的有限责任公司、公司秉承：诚信、周到、薄利、质优的服务宗旨。
*******经贸有限公司主营******各型中薄板材、建筑钢材，同时还兼营*****产品，具有丰富的资源优势，在经过十多年的发展壮大，在激烈的市场竞争中，本公司以诚信为本，灵活经营，薄利多销的经营思路，取得了长足的进步，赢得了市场，相继在*****、****国际等省市重点工程项目材料竞标中脱颖而出，与***公司、*****施工方及材料供应方建立了良好的合作关系，在****等一批省市重点工程项目中取得了不俗的业绩稳固加强的了公司的信誉，创造了优良融洽的供需合作关系。******年我公司在****改造工程中成功竞标，与*****公司建立了良好的合作关系。2011年公司将与****投资有限公司在各个地区进行全方位的合作。在地州市场方面，公司加速进军省内地州市场的扩张步伐，与***、***等地市县中间商建立起长期供销合作关系，同时直接参与**旧城改造工程等多个工程项目材料供应，取得了不俗的业绩，在融入与补融入中，兼收并蓄，相继成功地占领地州市场。2009年销售额达到了****万元，2010~2011年公司超额完成销售计划，分别达35,000万元，40,000万元的销售目标。
新的一年公司站在新的起点审慎度势，本着诚信为本，薄利多销的经营原则，力图在销售上有更大的突破，预计销售额将突破5亿元，对此公司已做出了相应计划准备，已与*****投资公司达成****市政安居工程7亿元的材料供意向，以及*****城建设工程等一批市政及省市重点项目力推销售计划及公司赢利目标实现。
本着诚信、周到、薄利、质优的服务宗旨，公司的形象信誉得到了需方的首肯，在相互信任，严格执行合同的基础上，供需双方都保证了资金的合理流动，降低了资金流向风险，保证公司正常健康可持续发展。
在激烈的市场竞争中，立则利，利刚回报社会，****公司在不断取得市场的同时，以零利润的****供应******等多个政府扶贫移民安置工程，取得了广泛的社会效益，在新一轮的市场竞争中****人深知：不进则退，内部员工精诚团结，积极开拓创新，以期赢得更大的市场，回馈社会。
*******经贸有限公司
2012年1月1日
翻译经贸类文章的方法篇五
高频超声响应的嵌段共聚物胶束
1.摘要
聚（环氧乙烷）和聚（2亲水平衡可以可逆或不可逆地变化往往由于在疏水性嵌段，这导致中断的极性的变化胶束。此外，根据外部刺激如ph变化，温度变化，和光，两亲性嵌段共聚物的疏水四氢吡喃基甲基丙烯酸酯）（peo-b-pthpma）形成的两亲性嵌段共聚物胶束对高频超声（1.1兆赫）很敏感。结果表明thpma侧基的水解的发生由超声波照射诱导的，如在图1a中描绘的。peo-b-pthpma的合理化使用可以由以下考虑。声空化导致的形成，生长，并在溶液中微米尺寸的气泡的破裂，而气泡的破裂会在纳秒范围内产生高温高压，产生沃尔沃动态剪切效果。使嵌段共聚物胶束对相对较弱的空化效应有反应，该聚合物应该含有弱化学键，理想的机械性不稳定和热不稳定的键对与气蚀有关的机械和热效应敏感。在peo-β-pthpma胶束在水溶液中先前的研究发现，thpma的水解，不仅是酸性ph敏感的，但也可以通过热效应激活。水解时，peo-β-pthpma胶束是由增加的极性打乱由pthpma转化为聚（甲基丙烯酸）（pmaa）（图1）。的确，如下图所示，本研究发现thpma的水解可能是在室温下诱导时胶束溶液暴露于高频超声导致胶束的破坏。根据日益增长的在探索超声波来控制化学反应方面的兴趣，这一发现非常重要因为，因为它表明一种新的方式来开发超声波敏感的嵌段共聚物胶束基于涉及不稳定的化学键的超声波引发的化学反应。我们注意到，peo-b-pthpma两个构成的聚合物相关的生物医学应用。
3.实验部分
3.1 peo-b-pthpma胶束的制备。
peo-b-pthpma利用之前报道的原子转移自由基聚合合成（atrp）。在本研究中使用的样品是peo112-b-pthpma164（组合物由1hnmr确定）。胶束是由之前报道的以下相同步骤制备。通常情况下，首先1.3毫克peo-b-pthpma溶解于5ml四氢呋喃中（thf）中，然后缓慢加入5ml水（约30微升，每30秒），以诱导微胶粒的形成。向该溶液加入40毫升水，然后搅拌30分钟。最后，thf通过在45℃的情况下蒸发24小时来除去。初始聚合物浓度为0.03mg/ml。对于装有尼罗红（nr，自奥德里奇）的胶束，疏水生色团与加入水之前嵌段共聚物（在0.04毫克/毫升的浓度）溶解在thf中，将有机溶剂蒸发掉。空载的nr在水溶液中沉淀，并通过0.45μm的膜过滤除去。3.2 胶束溶液暴露于高频率超声辐照
在这项研究中采用的设备是一个在室内制造的高频聚焦超声发生器。该装置的示意图示于图1b。它包括两个主要组件:超声波发生器及声透镜传感器。39毫米的有效直径和大约90毫米焦距的声透镜传感器被安装在一个装满水的水槽的底部，被指向向上超声束被集中在一个直径为约3毫米的圆形光斑里。超声波的输出功率可以在0〜200w范围内进行调整，超声波的频率为1.1兆赫。超声聚焦光束可以通过乳胶膜的渗透和作用于放置在一个管式反应器的peo-b-pthpma胶束溶液。胶束溶液在管式反应器的体积为5托利多）测定。首先，3种不同ph值（4.003，6.864，9.182）的缓冲溶液被用来校准ph计。然后将电极探针插入高强度聚焦超声（hifu）照射前和hifu照射后不同时间的胶束溶液。红外光谱是在室温下用nicolet560傅立叶变换红外（ftir）光谱仪记录的。对于这些测量，暴露于超声辐射下微胶粒的薄膜制备如下。在对1.36毫克每毫升浓度的peo-β-pthpma胶束溶液进行超声处理一定时间后，将溶液在真空下于60℃干燥，直至水被完全除去以得到干燥的样品。将干燥的样品然后再溶解在thf中，滴在kbr盐窗上窗，并干燥。动态光散射（dls）中的上一个布鲁克海文bi-200的测角仪用波长为λ=532纳米的垂直偏振的入射光通过的氩激光在200毫瓦操作供给，布鲁克海文 bi-9000数字自相关器进行。测定是在25℃下和在90°的角度制成。dls的自相关函数是通过使用非负约束最小二乘算法以获得流体动力学直径的分布进行分析。对dls测量之前，胶束溶液通过0.45μm的膜过滤。胶束的形态观察通过原子力显微镜（afm，奈米级多模式ⅲa）中。将样品通过浇铸在干净的云母表面的胶束溶液的滴接着干燥制得。荧光发射光谱在日立f-4500双单色器的分光光度计，用激发波长为550纳米。
4.结果与讨论
正如上面提到的，高频率，高强度聚焦超声（hifu）可以得到。高功率超声波束被带到紧紧围绕在离传感器的周围。高强度聚焦超声与焦斑的物质比在其他地方有更强大的交互作用，并能产生热和非热效应，这对于生物医学治疗和超声化学反应有用。当超声波经过液体介质中，有大量微气泡的形成，生长，并折叠在很短的时间（约几微秒），这被称为超声空化。理论计算和实验表明，超声空化可以产生局部的温度高达5000 k时，一个局部压力高
9达500个大气压，加热和冷却速率大于10 k / s。在这样的剧烈的条件下，溶剂或单体，或聚合物链的断裂分解可发生。虽然空化效应被减弱随增加的超声频率，它不能在特别是在聚焦模式下的高的超声波强度下被忽略。一些报告表明，超声空化确实可以在高强度聚焦超声发生。在此分析的基础上，可以合理的假设，高频超声能影响在水溶液中高分子胶束，并且，这种影响可以是对包含不稳定化学键如在peo-β-pthpma缩醛基团的聚合物显著胶束。
