一键复制
范文为教学中作为模范的文章，也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考，也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢？有哪些格式需要注意呢？下面我给大家整理了一些优秀范文，希望能够帮助到大家，我们一起来看一看吧。
英国女王伊丽莎白家谱 伊丽莎白女王姓啥篇一
英国皇室都有哪些主要成员？伊利莎白二世，查尔斯王子，威廉王子，哈里王子，那么这些都是他们的名字，他们到底姓什么呢？女王的后代是随父姓还是随母姓？
queen elizabeth ii, england's current monarch's last name is windsor, though the original family name was did the royal family change their last name? world war one broke out in 1914 and anti-german sentiment was at its height in protest, king george v renounced all the german titles belonging to him and his family and adopted the name of his castle, windsor.英国现任女王伊莉莎白二世(即英国皇室)的姓氏为温莎，但其原本的家族姓氏为“萨克森-科堡-哥达”(这是一个德国姓氏，当时的德国皇帝和英王乔治五世是表兄弟)。为什么英国皇室要改姓呢？这还得从第一次世界大战说起。1914年，一战爆发，反德情绪在1917年达到了高潮。为了以示抗议，英国国王乔治五世宣布所有与他本人和他家族相关的德国封号都须更改为温莎，即其行宫的名字。
here's a look at the proclamation:
以下是当时英王乔治五世颁布的诏书：
from the date of this our royal proclamation our house and family shall be styled and known as the house and family of windsor, and that all the descendants in the male line of our said grandmother queen victoria who are subjects of these realms, other than female descendants who may marry or may have married, shall bear the said name of windsor.从即日起，朕决定更改族姓。今后，朕全家姓温莎，朕的家族就叫„温莎家族‟。我的祖母维多利亚的男姓子孙(已出嫁或将来出嫁的公主除外)今后统统姓温莎。
the royal family name of windsor was confirmed by queen elizabeth ii after her accession in r, in 1960, the queen and the duke of edinburgh decided they wanted their direct descendants to be distinguished from the rest of the royal family, as windsor is the surname used by all the male and unmarried female descendants of king george thereafter, it was declared that the queen's descendants would carry the name of mountbatten-windsor.1952年，女王通过了一条法案，规定英国王室后人只能姓温莎。然而在1960年，女王和爱丁堡公爵(即菲利普亲王，女王的丈夫)决定要区别开其直系后代和其他皇室成员，因为温莎这个姓氏只有国王乔治五世的男性子孙和未出嫁的公主可以使用。不久，女王就宣布，其后代可以选择姓蒙巴顿-温莎(因为菲利普亲王的姓是蒙巴顿。据说菲利普亲王曾经自嘲说：“在英国，只有我的儿子不能跟父亲的姓。")。
附：英国历朝简表
英国，西欧大不列颠岛及爱尔兰岛西北部。
一、古代不列颠：公元前55年罗马入侵时，已经有若干王国存在。43年罗马实际征服不列颠，407年统治结束。二、七国时代：约在五世纪，盎格鲁—撒克逊人在不列颠建立起若干小王国，到六世纪末，逐渐形成肯特(kent)、东盎格利亚(anglia)、麦西亚(mercia)、诺森布里亚(northumbria)、南撒克斯(sussax)、东撒克斯(essax)、西撒克斯(wessax)七个王国。
三、802年：西撒克斯王国统一各国，开始英格兰王国
四、1013—1042年：丹麦人统治
五、1042—1066年：撒克斯(sax)王朝
六、1066—1154年：诺曼(normandy)王朝
七、1154—1399年：金雀花(plantagenet)王朝
八、1399—1461年：兰开斯特(lancaster)王朝
九、1461—1485年：约克(york)王朝
十、1485—1603年：都铎(tudor)王朝
十一、1603—1649年：斯图亚特(stuart)王朝
十二、1649—1659年：共和国时期
十三、1660—1714年：斯图亚特王朝复辟。其中1707年与苏格兰合并，改国名为大不列颠联合王国(the uniter kingdom of great britain)
十四、1714—1901年：汉诺威(hanover)王朝
十五、1901年—至今：温莎(windsor)王朝
英国女王伊丽莎白家谱 伊丽莎白女王姓啥篇二
outline ⅰ、title ⅱ、abstract and introduction
ⅲ、four espects that enfluence the religious reformation1、religions and beliefs
2、roman catholic
3、the decline of religion
4、the enfluence of renaissance ⅳ、the religious attitude of elizabeth i ⅴ、conclusion ⅵ、reference books
the religious reformation of the english queen elizabeth ⅰ
ⅰ、abstract and introduction
the background of religious reformation contains many espects, religions and beliefs, the religious attitude of elizabeth i,the political,the economic,and thecultural eth i is the last tudor monarch in the 15th that time, england was confused by the religious issue and because of the wrong religious policy adopted by her brother king award and her sister queen mary;the religious issue became more and more endangered the stability of regime and the unity of elizabeth changed the attitude toward different religions and found a more effective method to settle the the beginning of her accession to the throne, she actualized the mild religious policy and in the middle and late time, she changed he religious policy and adopted more strict policy to adjust to the development of ian reviewed that the religious policy of queen elizabeth was very saved england from the civil war and laid a good foundation for the future of words: elizabeth i； religious policy；catholicism； protestantism； puritanism； political ；economic；cultural
ⅱ、four espects that enfluence the religious reformation
1、religions and beliefs
during this period, the religious issues, which involves the stability of reign and the security of kingdom, is extremely complex and the guide of rationalistic religious views, queen elizabeth according to the variable situation, strived to seek the balance between the politics and religion.2、roman catholic 2
the general british believe in ’teaching was based on love:love of god,and love of one’s neighbour, all fellow-men regardless of the people begin to get tired of the old religion,and some people even dare to protest the govern of roman sixteenth century,selfishness,greedy,ignorance appear inside of the pope abuse the power to increas the tax.3、the decline of religion
the most striking thing about religion in britain today is that a large proportion of prople are not really interested in it at situation is comparatively the last century religon was very popular,but now it has seriously declined.4、the enfluence of renaissance
the main idea of renaissance has come into britain from the early gh the most people can not understand it at that time,it can also has a great effect on intellectual people in religious reformation learns a lesson from absorb the quintessence(吸取精华)of the ideas.ⅳ、the religious attitude of elizabeth i
when we studies the early time of elizabeth, we could easily find that elizabeth always existed in intrigue and trap, so her character was tactful(得体的)and could change her religious belief and then protect her , elizabeth had received good had known that elizabeth was a well-informed, educated could master six languages and delve into many literatures that were history, theology and philosophy and so she could rationally and profoundly treat religious at last, elisabeth’s brother(king edward)and sister(queen mary)gave her deep impression in judging religious king edward and queen mary put in force adverse religious policy and all of them put england into balefulness(恨意).so elisabeth did not want to make the same mistake in religious of the factors affected elisabeth’s attitude to attitude was rational and under the attitude that elisabeth put political advantage over personal sensation.ⅴ、conclusion
in conclusion,any reformation happens under many espects.a successful monarch would have first settled the two most fundamental issues of politics and religion.a great reformation can bring development and happiness to a on the way to success,we will meet many difficulties,as the queen of a country, elizabeth i had succeeded in handling the problem,we shoud show great respect to our textbooks,we learn knowledge about this period of time,we know about the history of britain,i am interested in this.i wrote this thesis with the help of many documents,i was attracted by them.ⅵ、reference books a.《英国宗教改革研究》蔡骐 湖南师范大学出版社 b.《宗教改革》
任学安 中国民主法治出版社 c.《伊丽莎白一世传》
刑来顺
长江文艺出版社
2010级英语翻译系金融(3)班
刘晶
英国女王伊丽莎白家谱 伊丽莎白女王姓啥篇三
英国女王的圣诞演讲是英国人民在圣诞节始终保留的一个节目。今年，女王的演讲中，强调了“善意”和“尊重”比往年更被需要，她说：“即使存在最根深蒂固的分歧，尊重他人并将其视为同胞，是增进理解的第一步。”
今天，小编为大家带来“最美英音”的演讲稿全文，大家可以搭配原视频，一起来学习。
女王圣诞致词原文：
for many, the service of 'nine lessons and carols' from king's college cambridge is when christmas ed to by millions of people around the world it starts with a chorister singing the first verse of once in royal david priest who introduced this service to king's college chapel exactly 100 years ago was eric milner had served as a military chaplain in the first world six weeks after the armistice he wanted a new kind of service which, with its message of peace and goodwill spoke to the needs of the times.于许多人而言，剑桥大学国王学院的“九篇读经与圣诞颂歌庆典”教堂礼拜，象征着圣诞节的伊始。来自世界各地数百万人都会聆听这一盛典，它的序幕，将在一位合唱团男童领唱《昔日在大卫王城中》的第一段中拉开。整整百年之前，是神父埃里克米尔纳-怀特将这套庆典引进国王学院礼拜堂。第一次世界大战期间，他曾是一名随军牧师。就在停战协定签订的六周后，他希望用这样一套新的礼拜仪式，把和平和友善的精神，传递给那个年代正需要它们的人们。2018 has been a year of royal air force celebrated its hundredth anniversary with a memorable fly-past demonstrating a thrilling unity of purpose and owe them and all our armed services our deepest gratitude.2018年，是百年纪念的一年。在这一年，英国皇家空军为庆祝诞生100周年，组织进行了一场值得纪念的飞行表演，展示出目标与执行的惊人一致。在此，对皇家空军与所有服务于我们的军队，致以最深切的感谢。
my father served in the royal navy during the first world war he was a midshipman in hms collingwood at the battle of jutland in british fleet lost 14 ships and 6,000 men in that father wrote in a letter how and why we were not hit beats others he lost friends in the christmas we become keenly aware of loved ones who have died whatever the of course we would not grieve if we did not to home, it has been a busy year for my family.遥想第一次世界大战时，我的父亲在皇家海军服役。在1916年的日德兰半岛之战中，他是科林伍德皇家海军学院的一位候补少尉。那次战斗中，英国军队损失了14艘船，6000条鲜活的生命葬身大海。父亲在一封信中写道:“我甚至不知道，我们是怎样从枪林弹雨中生还的。”和其他很多人一样，在这场战争中，他也失去了很多朋友。在圣诞节阖家欢聚之时，无论何种情境，都让我们更为清晰地感受到亲人离去的痛楚。但如若心中无爱，自然也不会有悲伤。
with two weddings and two babies and another child expected soon it helps to keep a grandmother well have had other celebrations too, including the 70th birthday of the prince of wales.说到我的家庭，今年的家事尤为忙碌。我们举办了两场婚礼，迎来两个婴儿，还有一个孩子即将诞生。这些都会让我这祖母继续忙碌。我们还举行了其他庆祝活动，包括威尔士亲王的70岁生日。
some cultures believe a long life brings wisdom.i'd like to think s, part of that wisdom is to recognize some of life's baffling paradoxes such as the way human beings have a huge propensity for good, and yet a capacity for the power of faith which frequently inspires great generosity and self-sacrifice can fall victim to tribalism.有些文化中认为，长寿者多智。我也乐于这么认为。也许认识到生命中那些令人困惑的悖论，就是那种智慧的一部分。例如人性本善，但亦有成为恶魔的天赋。信仰的力量也是如此，它能激发慷慨和伟大的牺牲精神，亦可让人臣服于部落主义的野蛮与残暴。
but through the many changes i have seen over the years: faith, family, and friendship have been not only a constant for me, but a source of personal comfort and reassurance.但纵观这些年间诸事变迁。我的信仰，家庭和友谊不仅是我永恒的坚守，同时也是我的安抚和宽慰。
in april the commonwealth heads of government met in father welcomed just age countries to the first such meetings in , the commonwealth includes 53 countries with 2.4 billion people, a third of the world's strength lies in the bonds of affection it promotes and a common desire to live in a better, more peaceful world.今年四月，我们举行了英联邦政府首脑会议，而我的父亲第一次召开这个会议时，还是1948年的伦敦，那时只有八个国家参与。现在英联邦已经拥有了53个联盟国家，有了24亿人民，相当于三分之一的世界人口。英联邦的力量源于它所促进的情感纽带，也源于一个共同愿景，那就是生活在更美好、更和平的世界中。
even with the most deeply held differences, treating the other person with respect and as a fellow human being is always a good first step towards greater the commonwealth games held this year on australia's gold coast are known universally as the friendly games because of their emphasis on good will and mutual respect.即使彼此间存在最根深蒂固的分歧，视对方为同侪、待他人以尊重永远是增进理解的第一步。事实上，今年在澳大利亚黄金海岸举行的英联邦运动会，就因为强调善意与相互尊重，而成为了众所周知的友好运动会。
the christmas story retains its appeal since it doesn't provide theoretical explanations for the puzzles of d, it's about the birth of a child, and the hope that birth 2,000 years ago, brought to the world.圣诞节的故事仍保持着自己的魅力，它并未给我们的人生排忧解难。相反，故事所述的是一个新生儿的诞生。2000年前，他的诞生将希望给予全世界。
only a few people acknowledged jesus when he was born;now billions follow him.i believe his message of peace on earth and goodwill to all is never out of can be heeded by 's needed as much as ever.耶稣基督在出生时少有认可，而如今，数十亿信徒追随于他。我坚信，他在圣训中传递的和平和善意将永不过时。这份训诫被所有人聆听和铭记着，我们也一如既往地需要着它。
a very happy christmasto you all.祝愿你们所有人圣诞节快乐。
英国女王伊丽莎白家谱 伊丽莎白女王姓啥篇四
http:///?c_id=8星火词网
英国女王伊丽莎白2009圣诞致辞
each year that passes seems to have its own leave us with a feeling of satisfaction, others are best forgotten.2009 was a difficult year for many, in particular those facing the continuing effects of the economic downturn.过去每年似乎都各具特点。一些年份让我们心满意足，一些年份则最好忘却。2009年对很多人来说都不好过，尤其是那些深受经济衰退之苦的人们。
i am sure that we have all been affected by events in afghanistan and saddened by the casualties suffered by our forces serving thoughts go out to their relations and friends who have shown immense dignity in the face of great personal loss.我相信，我们所有人都受到阿富汗战事影响，为英军士兵伤亡感到悲伤。我们向这些士兵的家人和朋友表示慰问，他们面对巨大个人损失表现得无比高尚。
but, we can be proud of the positive contribution that our servicemen and women are making, in conjunction with our allies.但我们应该为我们的士兵与盟友作出的积极贡献而感到骄傲。
http:///?c_id=8 http:///?c_id=8星火词网
well over 13,000 soldiers from the united kingdom, and across the commonwealthare currently serving in afghanistan.英国和包括加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和新加坡在内的英联邦国家眼下共有超过1.3万名士兵在阿富汗服役。
the debt of gratitude owed to these young men and women, and to their predecessors, is indeed profound.我们对这些年轻士兵以及先前在阿富汗服役过的士兵表示深深感激。
it is 60 years since the commonwealth was created and today, with more than a billion of its members under the age of 25, the organisation remains a strong and practical force for good.今年是英联邦成立60周年，今天其成员国25岁以下人口超过10亿，为它保持长久的强大和实用提供了力量源泉。
recently i attended the commonwealth heads of government meeting in trinidad and tobago and heard how important the commonwealth is to young people.最近我刚刚参加了在特立尼达和多巴哥举行的英联邦政府首脑会议，听到联邦对年轻人是多么重要。
http:///?c_id=8 http:///?c_id=8星火词网
new communication technologies allow them to reach out to the wider world and share their experiences and many, the practical assistance and networks of the commonwealth can give skills, lend advice and encourage enterprise.新的通信技术使他们能够接触到更广阔的世界，分享他们的经验和观点。对于许多人来说，英联邦的实际援助与网络可以提供技能，给予意见和鼓励进取。
it is inspiring to learn of some of the work being done by these young people, who bring creativity and innovation to the challenges they face.令人鼓舞的是，我了解到一些年轻人正在做着一些事情，他们面对挑战，富于创造力和创新精神。
it is important to keep discussing issues that concern us all-there can by no more valuable role for our family of nations.i have been closely associated with the commonwealth through most of its existence.对关系到我们所有人的问题保持讨论很重要，它让我们的大家庭产生更大的价值。在英联邦成立以来的大部分时间里，我都同它联系紧密。
the personal and living bond i have enjoyed with leaders, and with http:///?c_id=8 http:///?c_id=8星火词网
people the world over, has always been more important in promoting our unity than symbolism alone.我个人同各国领袖、人民密不可分。这不单是象征意义，也能促进我们的团结。
the commonwealth is not an organisation with a is rather an opportunity for its people to work together to achieve practical solutions to problems.英联邦并非一个具某种使命的组织，而更是一个让各国人民合作、解决困难的平台。
in many aspects of our lives, whether in sport, the environment, business or culture, the commonwealth connection remains vivid and enriching.在涉及我们生活的许多方面，不论是体育、环境、商业或文化，英联邦国家之间的联系紧密而丰富。
it is, in lots of ways, the face of the with continuing support and dedication, i am confident that this diverse commonwealth of nations can strengthen the common bond that transcends politics, religion, race and economic circumstances.在很多方面这展现未来的前景。随着不断的支持和贡献，我相信英联http:///?c_id=8 http:///?c_id=8星火词网
邦国家的多元化能加强各国在政治、宗教、种族和经济环境的凝聚力。
we know that christmas is a time for celebration and family reunions;but it is also a time to reflect on what confronts those less fortunate than ourselves, at home and throughout the world.众所周知，圣诞节是欢庆与家人团聚的时候，但我们也可以借这个时机回顾那些国内外不幸者面临的困境。
christians are taught to love their neighbours, having compassion and concern, and being ready to undertake charity and voluntary work to ease the burden of deprivation and disadvantage.基督徒被教导要爱他们的邻居，有同情心，乐于慈善和志愿工作，以减轻贫困和不利的负担。
we may ourselves be confronted by a bewildering array of difficulties and challenges, but we must never cease to work for a better future for ourselves and for others.我们自己会面临一连串的困难和挑战，这些困难和挑战会令我们感到困惑，但我们绝不能停下脚步。而应该继续努力，为自己和他人创造更美好的未来。
i wish you all, wherever you may be, a very happy :///?c_id=8 http:///?c_id=8星火词网
不论你们现时身在何处，我都祝愿你们圣诞快乐。
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英国女王伊丽莎白家谱 伊丽莎白女王姓啥篇五
英国女王伊丽莎白姓什么?
queen elizabeth ii,england's current monarch's last name is windsor,though the original family name was saxe-coburg-gotha.英国现任女王伊莉莎白二世的姓氏为温莎，但其原本的家族姓氏为“萨克森-科堡-哥达”。
the royal family chose to change this german surname to windsor in 1917 because of intense anti-german sentiment in england during world war i.这是一个德国姓氏。一战爆发后，反德情绪在1917年尤为高涨。于是，英国皇室决定换掉这个姓氏。
king george v renounced all the german titles belonging to him and his family and adopted the name of his castle, windsor.英国国王乔治五世宣布所有与他本人和他家族相关的德国封号都须更改为其行宫的名字--温莎。
the royal family name of windsor was confirmed by queen elizabeth ii after her accession in 1952.1952年，女王通过了一条法案，规定英国王室后人只能姓温莎。
however, in 1960,the queen and the duke of edinburgh decided they wanted their direct descendants to be distinguished from the rest of the royal family,as windsor is the surname used by all the male and unmarried female descendants of king george v.然而在1960年，女王和爱丁堡公爵（即菲利普亲王，女王的丈夫）决定要区别开其直系后代和其他皇室成员，因为温莎这个姓氏只有国王乔治五世的男性子孙和未出嫁的公主可以使用。
soon thereafter,it was declared that the queen's descendants would carry the name of mountbatten-windsor.不久，女王就宣布，其后代可以选择姓蒙巴顿-温莎（因为菲利普亲王的姓是蒙巴顿）。
