欢迎访问考研秘籍考研网!    研究生招生信息网    考博真题下载    考研真题下载    全站文章索引
文章搜索   高级搜索   

 您现在的位置: 考研秘籍考研网 >> 文章中心 >> 考研故事 >> 正文  英语:冲刺第2天 英语阅读词汇复习

新闻资讯
普通文章 上海市50家单位网上接受咨询和报名
普通文章 北京大学生“就业之家”研究生专场招聘场面火爆
普通文章 厦大女研究生被杀案终审判决 凶手被判死刑
普通文章 广东八校网上试点考研报名将开始
普通文章 2004年硕士北京招生单位报名点一览
普通文章 洛阳高新区21名硕士研究生被聘为中层领导
普通文章 浙江省硕士研究生报名从下周一开始
普通文章 2004年上海考区网上报名时间安排表
普通文章 广东:研究生入学考试2003年起重大调整
普通文章 2004年全国研招上海考区报名点一览表
调剂信息
普通文章 宁夏大学04年硕士研究生调剂信息
普通文章 大连铁道学院04年硕士接收调剂生源基本原则
普通文章 吉林大学建设工程学院04年研究生调剂信息
普通文章 温州师范学院(温州大学筹)05研究生调剂信息
普通文章 佳木斯大学04年考研调剂信息
普通文章 沈阳建筑工程学院04年研究生调剂信息
普通文章 天津师范大学政治与行政学院05年硕士调剂需求
普通文章 第二志愿考研调剂程序答疑
普通文章 上海大学04年研究生招收统考生调剂信息
普通文章 广西大学04年硕士研究生调剂信息

友情提示:本站提供全国400多所高等院校招收硕士、博士研究生入学考试历年考研真题、考博真题、答案,部分学校更新至2012年,2013年;均提供收费下载。 下载流程: 考研真题 点击“考研试卷””下载; 考博真题 点击“考博试卷库” 下载 

  一、阅读词汇分类

  词汇是考研阅读的基础,主要难点在于一词多义与词义的精确把握。一词多义指一个常见词有多个意义,但考试时考的是该词不太常见的意义。例如,check的常见意思是“检查”,而考研阅读中常考“限制”这一意思。 
 
  对于词义的精确把握也影响答案的选择,尤其是对一个词汇意义的褒贬进行判断时。例如,anecdote(奇闻轶事)用于描述一件事情的真实性时,表示负评价,即该事情并不存在:the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity(1998年考研阅读第二篇第二段末句)。所以,复习阅读词汇时要分类进行:核心词汇、一词多义的词汇与表示态度倾向的词汇。下面以2003年考研阅读第三篇文章为例说明如何区分和记忆上述几类词汇。

  二、2003年考研阅读第三篇词汇分析

  In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into super systems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.

  Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.

  The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.

  Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone’s cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. “Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace? ” asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shippers.

  Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes. still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Consider the $10.2 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrail’s net railway operating income in 1996 was just $427 million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Who’s going to pay for the rest of the bill? Many captive shippers fear that they will, as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.

  11. According to those who support mergers railway monopoly is unlikely because.

  [A] cost reduction is based on competition

  [B] services call for cross-trade coordination

  [C] outside competitors will continue to exist

  [D] shippers will have the railway by the throat

  12. What is many captive shippers attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?

  [A] Indifferent. [B] Supportive.

  [C] Indignant. [D] Apprehensive.

  13. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that.

  [A] shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad

  [B] there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide

  [C] overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief

  [D] a government board ensures fair play in railway business

  14. The word “arbiters” (Line 7, Paragraph 4)most probably refers to those.

  [A] who work as coordinators [B] who function as judges

  [C] who supervise transactions [D] who determine the price

  15. According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by.

  [A] the continuing acquisition [B] the growing traffic

  [C] the cheering Wall Street [D] the shrinking market

  核心词汇:

  merge 合并

  heighten 使提高,加强

  monopoly 垄断

  freight货物,运费

  substantial可观的,大量的;实质的,真实的

  coordinated协调的

  bulk (巨大的)体积,大量;(大)块

  consolidation巩固,加强

  appeal (to)申诉,上诉;吸引

  captive被俘虏的(文中指shippers—托运商受制于铁路公司)

  discrimination歧视;区别

  flourish繁荣

  一词多义的词汇(本文的意思,就是第一个意思非该词的最常见意义):

  ground理由,根据;地面

  subscribe同意,赞成;订购,订阅

  表示态度倾向的词汇:

  indignant愤慨的

  apprehensive 忧虑的,担心的

  上述的词汇对理解全文与选择答案影响很大,特别是表示态度倾向的词汇indignant和apprehensive,直接关系到12题的答案选择。复习时应将各课的词汇(包含问题与选项中的词汇)按照上述分类整理记忆,以提高答题的正确率。

免责声明:本文系转载自网络,如有侵犯,请联系我们立即删除,另:本文仅代表作者个人观点,与本网站无关。其原创性以及文中陈述文字和内容未经本站证实,对本文以及其中全部或者部分内容、文字的真实性、完整性、及时性本站不作任何保证或承诺,请读者仅作参考,并请自行核实相关内容。

  • 上一篇文章:

  • 下一篇文章:
  • 考博咨询QQ 3455265070 点击这里给我发消息 考研咨询 QQ 3455265070 点击这里给我发消息 邮箱: 3455265070@qq.com
    公司名称:昆山创酷信息科技有限公司 版权所有
    考研秘籍网 版权所有 © kaoyanmiji.com All Rights Reserved
    声明:本网站尊重并保护知识产权,根据《信息网络传播权保护条例》,如果我们转载或引用的作品侵犯了您的权利,请通知我们,我们会及时删除!