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同位语从句高考真题解析 同位语从句高中语法篇一
在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that， whether，what， which， who， when， where， why， how 等词引导，常放在fact， news， idea， truth， hope， problem， information， wish，promise， answer， evidence， report， explanation， suggestion， conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体资料。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在资料上为同一关系，对其资料作进一步说明。
例：the news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school。他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
析：they had won the game说明the news的全部资料，所以该句为同位语从句。
1。如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）
例：the general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once。将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。
析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部资料，且意义完整，所以应用that引导同位语从句。
2。如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）
例：well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time。我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。
析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部资料，所以应用whether引导同位语从句。
3。如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义，应用when， where， how等词引导同位语从句。
例1：i have no idea when he will be back。
析：he will be back意义不完整，应加"什么时候"的含义才能表达idea的全部资料，所以应用when引导同位语从句。
例2：i have no impression how he went home， perhaps by bike。
析：he went home意义不完整，应加"如何"的含义才能表达impression的全部资料，所以应用how引导同位语从句。
4。当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。
如：the thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city。
同位语从句和定语从句相似，都放在某一名词或代词后面，但同位语从句不一样于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，是名词全部资料的体现，且名词和同位语从句的引导词均不在从句中作成分；定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。
区分时能够在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be，使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且贴合逻辑，则为同位语从句，反之，则为定语从句。
如：the report that he was going to resign was false。
因为the report was that he was going to resign 句意通顺，所以，that he was going to resign 是同位语从句。
例1：
1）information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities。
a。 while b。 that c。 when d。 as
析：答案为b。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是information的资料，且information不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。应将该句区别于：
2）it is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information ____ has been put forward。
a。 what b。 that c。 when d。 as
析：答案为b。that has been put forward为information的修饰性定语，且information在从句中作主语，所以该句为定语从句。
例2：she heard a terrible noise，____ brought her heart into her mouth。(met91)
a。 it b。 which c。 this d。 that
析：答案为b。分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成分可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为a terrible noise，且它在从句中作主语。应将该句区别于：
i cant stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly。
a。 it b。 which c。 this d。 that
析：答案为d。she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的资料，且the terrible noise不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。
巩固性练习：
1。 the fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all。
a。 that b。 what c。 why d。 which
2。 the fact ____ he was successful proves his ability。
a。 hat b。 what c。 which d。 why
3。 the news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly。
a。 what b。 that c。 why d。 when
4。 his suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down。
a。 which b。 that c。 d。 it
5。 i have no idea ____ he will start。
a。 when b。 that c。 what d。
6。 ive e from the government with a message ____ the meeting wont be held tomorrow。
a。 if b。 that c。 whether d。 which
7。 the thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him。
a。 when b。 which c。 what d。 that
8。 the order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late。
a。 which b。 whether c。 that d。 what
9。 the nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear ____ he would die of the disease。
a。 that b。 as c。 of which d。 which
10。 he often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing。
a。 whether b。 where c。 that d。 when
keys: 1-5 aabba 6-10 bdcaa
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别
同位语从句和定语从句很相似，但还是有区别的，区别主要在以下三方面:
1。 从词类上区别
同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea，fact，news，hope，belief，suggestion，proposal，word，thought，doubt，truth，possibility，promise，order等有必须内涵的名词?而定语从句的先行词能够是名词?代词?主句的一部分或是整个主句?如:
the possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed。 (同位语从句)
we are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting。
(同位语从句)
word came that he had been abroad。 (同位语从句)
our team has won the game， which made us very happy。
我们的队赢了，这让我们很高兴?(定语从句)
the doctor whom you are looking for is in the room。
你找的那位医生在房间里面?(定语从句)
his mother did all she could to help him with his study。他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮忙他的学习?(定语从句，代词all作先行词?)
2。 从性质上区别
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如:
the news that our team has won the game was true。 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的?(同位语从句，补充说明news到底是一个什么消息?)
the news that he told me yesterday was true。 昨日他告诉我的那个消息是真的?(定语从句，news在从句中作told的宾语?)
i made a promise that if anyone set me free i would make him very rich。 我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他十分富有?(同位语从句，补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言?)
the mother made a promise that pleased all her children。 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺?(定语从句，promise在从句中作pleased的主语?)
3。 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
有些引导词如how， whether， what能够引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句?如:
that question whether we need it has not been considered。 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有研究?(同位语从句)
i have no idea what has happened to him。 我不明白他发生了什么事?(同位语从句)
引导词that引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还能够用which代替)，并且作宾语时常常省略?that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当任何成分，并且不能省略，也不能用which来代替?如:
the order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday。 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨日收到了?(同位语从句，是对order的具体解释，that虽不作成分，但不能省略?)
the order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups。 我们昨日收到的命令是我们应当派几个人去帮忙别的几个小组?(定语从句，是名词order的修饰语，that在从句中作received的宾语，能够省略?)
同位语从句高考真题解析 同位语从句高中语法篇二
后面还有多篇同位语从句例句！
同位语的从句与先行词等同或同位，其先行词为:advice，indication，assumption，agreement，danger，fact，news，idea，thought，question，problem，
reply，report，remark，word，information，promise，reason，answer，doubt， discovery，fear，message，proposal， story，theory，request，
truth，opinion，hope，suggestion，conclusion，order，decision，
possibility等抽象名词。关联词常用that，偶尔whether用引导，有时结合语意也可用疑问代词who，which，what和疑问副词where， when，why，how等引导。例如:
1。they were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick。
2。where did you get the idea that i could not e?
3。early in the day came the news that germany had declared war on russia。
4。there is a real danger that oxford will not retain its world position。
5。several years later，word came that napoleon himself was ing to inspect them．
几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视 察他们。
6。the thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
7。there is no doubt that the price of wheat will go up。毫无疑问，小麦的价格将会上涨。(doubt为抽象名词，同位语从句)
8。the suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule be adopted。采纳新规则的提议是主席提出来的。
9。chevrons，scientists say，not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower。
10。there is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historians inquiry。
所谓方法论是指一般的历史研究中的特有概念，还是指历史探究中各个具体领域适用的研究手段，人们对此意见不一。
11。i have no idea where i should go。
12。i have no idea how i can get to the railway station。
13。we havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation。到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
14。it si a question how he did it。他如何做了此事，是个问题。
15。i have no idea when he will be back．我不明白他什么时候回来。
16。he has solved the problem why the radio was out of order。他解决了收音机为何出故障的问题。(why引导的是同位语从句)
同位语从句高考真题解析 同位语从句高中语法篇三
1、she hasnt made the decision whether she should give up。 她还没决定她是否应当放下。
2、i have no idea what has happened to him。 我不明白他发生了什么事。
3、there was no doubt that he is honest man。 毫无疑问他是诚实的人。
4、you have no idea how worried i was。 你不明白我当时有多担忧。
5、i have no idea why he resigned。 我不明白他为何辞职。
6、i have no idea when he will be back。 我不明白他什么时候会回来。
同位语从句高考真题解析 同位语从句高中语法篇四
1。一般情景下同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news， idea， fact， promise， hope， message等)的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体资料。例如：
the news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly。我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。
ive e from mr wang with a message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon。我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今日午时不能来看你了。
2。有时同位语从句能够不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。例如：
the thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home。她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。
the story goes that he failed in the college entrance examinations again。据说他高考又落榜了。
同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。例如：
where did you get the idea that i could not e?你在哪儿听说我不能来？
give me your promise that you will e to our party this evening。答应我，你今日晚上要来参加我们的晚会。
在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词(that， who， whether)，连接副词(how， when， where)等。例如：
they were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick。对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
the question who should do the work requires consideration。谁该做这项工作，这个问题需要研究。
we havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation。我们还没有决定到什么地方去度暑假。
注：在名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接；在no doubt“不怀疑”之后的同位语从句用that连接。例如：
we have some doubt whether they can plete the task on time。我们怀疑他们是否能准时完成任务。
there is no doubt that zhang wei will keep his promise。我们相信张伟会守信的。
同位语从句：that
有些名词的后面能够接that引导的同位语从句：
we came to the decision that we must act at once。我们做出决定：我们必须立即行动。
he made a proposal that the meeting be postpone。他提议会议延期。
there was little hope that he would survive。他幸存的期望很小。
以下名词常用于以上句型：
advice， announcement， argument， belief， claim， conclusion， decision， evidence， explanation， fact， feeling， hope， idea， impression， information， knowledge， message， news， opinion， order， probability， promise， proposal， remark， reply， report， saying， statement， suggestion， thought， treat， warning， wish， word
同位语从句：whether
whether能够引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用whether作为引导词。
he hasnt made the decision whether he will go there。他还没有做出决定是否去那里。
i have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job。他是否适合这件工作我有点怀疑。
同位语从句：what
what能够引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用what作为引导词
i have no idea what he is doing now。我不明白他此刻在干什么。
同位语从句：how
how能够引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用how作为引导词
its a question how he did it。那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
同位语从句：who等
who， whom， which， when， where， why用来引导同位语从句
the question who should do the work requires consideration。谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要研究。
she raised the question where we could get the fund。她提出这个问题：我们到哪儿去搞这笔资金。
在suggestion， advice， request， order等意为“提议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should能够省略。例如：
our teacher gave us some advice how we (should) use the puter。教师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的提议。
the suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule (should) be adopted。采纳新规则的提议是主席提出来的。
the government gave the order that all these houses (should) be pulled down in three weeks。政府下令三个星期内所有这些房子都要拆掉。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别(1)
同位语从句和先行词是同等的关系；而定语从句是用来修饰先行词，是从属的关系。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别(2)
that在同位语从句中没有词义，不充当句子成分；而在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等句子成分。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别(3)
whether， what， how能够用来引导同位语从句；而它们不能用来引导定语从句。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别(4)
一从词义角度看问题
who， whom， which， when， where， why用来引导同位语从句是坚持原先疑问词的含义；它们用来引导定语从句时，不具有疑问词的含义。
二从搭配角度看问题
who， whom， which， when， where， why用来引导定语从句时对应性很强，如：
先行词是“人”，引导词用“who”等，而它们引导同位语从句是先行词通常是“question， idea， doubt等”。
例1：i have no idea when he will be back。
析：he will be back意义不完整，应加"什么时候"的含义才能表达idea的全部资料，所以应用when引导同位语从句。
例2：i have no impression how he went home，perhaps by bike。析：he went home意义不完整，应加"如何"的含义才能表达impression的全部资料，所以应用how引导同位语从句。
例3：information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities。(nmet2001上海)
a。while b。that c。when d。as
析：答案为b。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是information的资料，且information不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。应将该句区别于：
it is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information ____ has been put forward。
a。what b。that c。when d。as
析：答案为b。that has been put forward为information的修饰性定语，且information在从句中作主语，所以该句为定语从句。
例4：she heard a terrible noise，____ brought her heart into her mouth。(met91)
a。it b。which c。this d。that
析：答案为b。分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成分可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为a terrible noise，且它在从句中作主语。应将该句区别于：
i cant stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly。
a。it b。which c。this d。that
析：答案为d。she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的资料，且the terrible noise不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。
