当前位置:网站首页 >> 文档 >> 小学语文《搭石》教学设计 搭石教学教案设计(4篇)
范文文档
小学语文《搭石》教学设计 搭石教学教案设计(4篇)
  • 时间:2025-02-10 12:29:16
  • 小编:Darcy大发
  • 文件格式 DOC
下载文章
一键复制
猜你喜欢 网友关注 本周热点 精品推荐
总结是提高自我反思和学习能力的有效工具。可以通过比较和分析来进行有深度的总结。总结是对过去一段时间内的经验和收获进行总结的一种方法,它可以促使我们思考,我想我们
阅读一本好书后,产生的读后感常常让人陶醉其中,久久不能自拔。读后感不要害怕表达自己的情感和态度,但要注意文风得体、用词准确。以下是小编为大家收集的读后感范文,仅
计划是指为了实现某种目标或完成某项任务而提前做出的安排和安排。计划的时间安排要合理,充分考虑到工作和学习任务的复杂性。希望这些计划范文能够激发你的灵感,让你能够
制定计划可以帮助我们保持目标的清晰和明确。在制定计划时,我们可以设立小的目标,逐步实现长期目标。最后,希望大家能够善用计划,提高工作和学习的效率,取得更好的成果
报告是一种将某一事件、问题或调查结果进行详细叙述和分析的书面材料,它能够向读者传达相关信息和结论,引起他们的关注和思考。报告可以是关于科学实验结果、市场调研报告
范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。范文书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢?接
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗?以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文,
总结是使我们更好地认识自己、提高自己的利器。良好的总结需要有全面的了解与观察。以下是小编为大家收集的总结范文,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。让男朋友感动哭的句子1
教育是培养人才的基础,对一个国家的发展至关重要。写总结时要注意掌握好篇幅和深度,既要全面而不失重要信息,又要简明扼要以节约读者的时间和精力。通过阅读这些优秀的总
每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?这里
在日常学习、工作或生活中,大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧,通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?以下是我为大家搜集
人生天地之间,若白驹过隙,忽然而已,我们又将迎来新的喜悦、新的收获,一起对今后的学习做个计划吧。那关于计划格式是怎样的呢?而个人计划又该怎么写呢?以下我给大家整
在实施任何方案之前,我们需要仔细分析问题的性质和特点。方案的提出应该基于对问题的充分理解和深入分析。方案制定不仅需要理论的支持,更需要实践的经验和过程中的总结。
作为一位杰出的教职工,总归要编写教案,教案是教学活动的总的组织纲领和行动方案。既然教案这么重要,那到底该怎么写一篇优质的教案呢?下面是我给大家整理的教案范文,欢
作为一名教职工,总归要编写教案,教案是教学蓝图,可以有效提高教学效率。优秀的教案都具备一些什么特点呢?又该怎么写呢?以下是小编为大家收集的教案范文,仅供参考,大
有计划地工作和学习,可以让我们更好地利用时间,提高效率。如何制定一个有效的计划是一个需要掌握的重要技能。下面是一些经过精心策划的计划范文,希望可以给你的计划制定
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?以下是小编为大家收集的优秀范文,欢迎大家
总结可以帮助我们梳理思路,理清脉络,准确表达自己的观点和想法。在总结的过程中,我们可以回顾过去的成果和问题,找到经验和教训。下面是一些实用的总结写作技巧和方法,
在当下社会,接触并使用报告的人越来越多,不同的报告内容同样也是不同的。报告的格式和要求是什么样的呢?下面是小编为大家整理的报告范文,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
总结是对过去经历的一种总结和概括,可以帮助我们形成对事物的更全面、更深入的认识。对总结进行反复修改和精炼,确保言之有物、简明扼要。接下来是一些出色的总结范文,希
总结是对一段时间内的工作和学习成果进行归纳和总结的重要手段。总结不仅要体现对过去的回顾,还要展望未来的发展,展示个人的成长和进步。通过阅读以下总结范文,我们可以
计划是我们在实现目标和规划未来时所制定的具体行动方案。制定时间表和时间节点,将任务分配到不同的时间段,并设定合理的工作量和时间预期。以下是小编为大家收集的计划范
一种特殊的情感体验是指在某种特定的情境下所产生的特殊情感体验。要写一篇较为完美的总结,我们需要抓住关键信息,避免过多的细节。以下是小编为大家收集的总结范文,希望
教案有助于教师合理安排教学时间,提供教学参考。编写教案需要明确教学目标,清楚学生的学习需求。以下是一些经验丰富的教师所编写的教案,希望可以为大家的工作提供一些参
在日常的学习、工作、生活中,肯定对各类范文都很熟悉吧。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文,仅供参考,一起来看看吧英国
范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?以
科技的快速发展给我们的生活带来了很多便利,但也引发了一些问题。总结要突出主题和亮点,重点突出自己在学习和工作中的成果和收获。希望大家能通过阅读范文,提高自己的写
方案是从目的、要求、方式、方法、进度等都部署具体、周密,并有很强可操作性的计划。优秀的方案都具备一些什么特点呢?又该怎么写呢?以下就是小编给大家讲解介绍的相关方
报告是一种重要的沟通工具,需要写作者进行充分的准备和专业素养的展示。最后,写完报告后要进行仔细的审校和修改,确保报告的内容准确无误。这些报告范文展示了不同的写作
为了确保我们的努力取得实效,就不得不需要事先制定方案,方案是书面计划,具有内容条理清楚、步骤清晰的特点。方案能够帮助到我们很多,所以方案到底该怎么写才好呢?下面
在制定方案时,我们需要考虑时间和资源的限制。一个完美的方案应该注重可持续发展和长期效益,具有持久性。小编为大家精心整理的这些方案范例都是经过实践验证的可行方法。
学习中的快乐,产生于对学习内容的兴趣和深入。世上所有的人都是喜欢学习的,只是学习的方法和内容不同而已。那么我们写心得感悟要注意的内容有什么呢?那么下面我就给大家
总结是我们成长道路上的必修课,让我们更好地了解自己。情感表达需要我们关注自己和他人的情感需求,并尊重彼此的差异。没有人能够百分之百地做到完美,我们只需尽力而为就
编写教案可以帮助教师系统地组织教学内容,提高课堂教学效果。在教案中适当运用多媒体教学手段,提高学生的学习兴趣和参与度。这些教案范例是教师们在不断探索和创新中总结
总结是对过去一段时间内经历的事情进行回顾和总结的一种方式。要注意总结的态度要客观中肯,既强调正面成绩和亮点,也要提及改进和不足之处。范文中的总结都很精炼,言简意
随着个人素质的提升,报告使用的频率越来越高,我们在写报告的时候要注意逻辑的合理性。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的报告吗?下面我给大家整理了一些优秀的报告范
读后感是记录自己阅读历程的一种方式,可以看到自己的成长和变化。写一篇较为完美的读后感,首先需要认真阅读并理解书中的内容。希望以下这些读后感范文能够为大家提供一些
教案是教学准备的重要一环,能让教师更好地控制教学进度。教案应该考虑学生的学习兴趣和能力,设计具有挑战性的任务。接下来,小编为大家分享一些实用的教案范例,希望能够
范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?以下是我为大家搜集
通过总结,我们可以找出工作中存在的问题,并提出解决方案。写总结时,我们可以借鉴他人的经验和方法,以提升自己的总结写作能力。这些总结范文涵盖了不同领域和层次的总结
总结也是对自己价值的确认,对个人成长的评估和反思。写一篇较为完美的总结需要清晰的逻辑和明确的结论。以下是小编为大家整理的一些优秀总结范文,供大家参考和学习。农业
随着社会不断地进步,报告使用的频率越来越高,报告具有语言陈述性的特点。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的报告吗?下面是我给大家整理的报告范文,欢迎大家阅读分享
作为一位兢兢业业的人民教师,常常要写一份优秀的教案,教案是保证教学取得成功、提高教学质量的基本条件。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的教案吗?下面是我给大家整
总结可以帮助我们发现事物的本质,从而更好地应对类似的问题。总结不仅要注意结果,还要关注过程,分析原因和产生的影响。总结范文的风格和结构可以根据自己的需求进行调整
教案的编写还需要注意评价方法的设计,以便及时了解学生的学习情况并进行适当的调整。编写教案前,教师应对教育教学理论进行深入研究,了解教学设计的基本原则。教案的编写
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。范文书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢?下面是小编帮大家整理的优
在日常的学习、工作、生活中,肯定对各类范文都很熟悉吧。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?这里我整理了一些优秀的范文,希望对大家有所帮助,下面我们就来了解一下吧。
总结是一种思考和反思的过程,能够让人更清晰地认识自己的成长和进步。融入个人思考和观点,凸显自身的价值和贡献。这些总结范文精选了优秀的写作素材和有趣的案例,希望能
工作学习中一定要善始善终,只有总结才标志工作阶段性完成或者彻底的终止。通过总结对工作学习进行回顾和分析,从中找出经验和教训,引出规律性认识,以指导今后工作和实践
总结是把一定阶段内的有关情况分析研究,做出有指导性的经验方法以及结论的书面材料,它可以使我们更有效率,不妨坐下来好好写写总结吧。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的总
教案的编写需要考虑学生的实际情况和教学资源的利用。编写教案时应该注重培养学生的合作精神和团队意识。下面是一些优秀教师编写的教案,希望能够给大家提供一些启示。语文
光阴的迅速,一眨眼就过去了,很快就要开展新的工作了,来为今后的学习制定一份计划。我们该怎么拟定计划呢?那么下面我就给大家讲一讲计划书怎么写才比较好,我们一起来看
总结既是一种反思,也是对过去的一次总结和概括。在编写总结时,可以参考相关的模板和范文,但要注意不要照搬照抄。总结是反思和总结经验的重要手段,有助于不断完善自己。
时间就如同白驹过隙般的流逝,我们的工作与生活又进入新的阶段,为了今后更好的发展,写一份计划,为接下来的学习做准备吧!大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的计划吗?
在工作和学习中,报告被广泛用于向上级、同事或老师汇报工作进展或研究成果。要写一篇较为完美的报告,首先需要明确报告的目的和受众。以下是小编为大家收集的报告范文,仅
光阴的迅速,一眨眼就过去了,成绩已属于过去,新一轮的工作即将来临,写好计划才不会让我们努力的时候迷失方向哦。怎样写计划才更能起到其作用呢?计划应该怎么制定呢?那
每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?接下
时间流逝得如此之快,我们的工作又迈入新的阶段,请一起努力,写一份计划吧。计划怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?这里给大家分享一些最新的计划书范文,方便大家学习。技术
时间过得真快,总在不经意间流逝,我们又将续写新的诗篇,展开新的旅程,该为自己下阶段的学习制定一个计划了。计划怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?下面是小编整理的个人今
光阴的迅速,一眨眼就过去了,很快就要开展新的工作了,来为今后的学习制定一份计划。写计划的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?下面是我给大家整理的计划范文,
范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?下
制定计划前,要分析研究工作现状,充分了解下一步工作是在什么基础上进行的,是依据什么来制定这个计划的。相信许多人会觉得计划很难写?下面是我给大家整理的计划范文,欢
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗?以下是小编为大家收集的优秀范文
人生天地之间,若白驹过隙,忽然而已,我们又将迎来新的喜悦、新的收获,一起对今后的学习做个计划吧。怎样写计划才更能起到其作用呢?计划应该怎么制定呢?下面是小编带来
总结是对已经发生的事情经过思考和分析,得出结论和经验教训的一种文体。在写总结时,要注意格式规范,语法正确,字句通顺,使读者易于理解。在这里,我为大家整理了一些精
在日常学习、工作或生活中,大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧,通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的范文呢?接下来小编就给
总结是一种整合和提炼信息的过程,可以让我们更好地理清思路和发现问题。一个较为完美的总结应当具备准确、简明扼要的特点,突出重点和核心信息。这里有一些经验丰富的人士
通过总结,我们可以发现自己在某些方面的不足,从而更好地规划未来的发展方向。在总结的过程中,可以借助工具和方法,如思维导图、SWOT分析等,使总结更具体和有效。接
高中(实用13篇)
2024-01-11
健康饮食是维持身体健康的基础,我们应该注意摄入营养均衡的食物。在总结中,我们可以结合具体的事实和数据进行分析。下面是一些备受推崇的总结范文,相信能够对大家的写作
通过写读后感可以记录下自己对书中人物、情节、主题的独特理解和感悟。在写读后感时,除了对书籍内容的评价,还可以加入对书籍设计和写作风格的欣赏和评价。以下是小编为大
读后感能够帮助我们更好地理解书中的内容,把握作者的用意。读后感要求对书中的细节和情节有准确的记忆和把握,以及对人物形象和情感的深入理解。以下是小编为大家带来的一
当品味完一部作品后,一定对生活有了新的感悟和看法吧,让我们好好写份读后感,把你的收获感想写下来吧。读后感对于我们来说是非常有帮助的,那么我们该如何写好一篇读后感
每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗?以下是小编
在工作中,我们常常需要写报告来汇报工作进展和成果。那么,如何写一份出色的报告呢?首先,我们需要明确报告的目的和受众,确定内容和结构的安排;其次,收集并整理相关资
不仅针对工作,计划也适用于生活中的各个方面,比如健身计划、旅行计划等。制定计划时,我们要与他人进行沟通和协作,以获取更多的建议和支持。需要制定计划的人可以阅读下
读后感是对读完一本书或一篇文章后的内心体验和感受的总结,它可以帮助我们更好地理解和消化所读内容,同时也是一种对作者思想和文化的回应,我觉得我们应该写一篇读后感了
深入阅读之后,我对书中的人物和情节有了更加深刻的理解。写读后感时,可以探讨书中的哲理和价值观,展示自己对生活和人生的思考和体会。以下是小编为大家收集的读后感范文
在日常的学习、工作、生活中,肯定对各类范文都很熟悉吧。范文书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢?以下是小编为大家收集的优秀范文,欢迎大家分享阅读。三经评
通过总结可以激发我们的学习和进步的动力,并为下一阶段的工作生活做好准备。怎样通过总结来发现问题和提出改进建议,是我们写总结时需要思考的方向。以下是小编为大家收集
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?这里我整理了一些优秀的范文,希望对大家有
计划能够提高工作效率,降低错误率。在制定计划时,我们可以充分利用各种工具和技术,如甘特图、时间管理软件等,提升计划的质量和执行力。一个好的计划可以帮助我们避免过
计划可以帮助我们更好地分配时间和精力,提高工作效率。在完成任务后,及时总结和反思,为下一次计划提供经验教训。下面这些范文可以帮助你更清楚地了解计划编制的步骤和技
一个良好的计划能够为我们提供决策的指导,让我们更加明确和自信地迈向成功。如何制定一个好的计划?首先要明确目标,然后分析现状,制定合理的时间和资源安排。计划的形式
制定计划可以让我们更加专注和集中精力,避免被琐事所困扰。列出实现目标所需的具体步骤和行动计划。以下是一些经典的计划书范文,可以供我们参考和借鉴。4s店客服工作计
心得体会需要我们深入思考、进行反思,从而更好地吸取经验和教训,为将来的发展积累经验。如何写一篇较为完美的心得体会是许多人都关心的问题。以下是小编为大家收集的心得
通过心得体会,我们可以深入思考自己的成长和发展。写心得体会时,要有自己的观点和思考,不要轻易被他人的意见左右。以下是一些别人总结的心得体会,或许对你有所启发。拓
通过写心得体会,我们可以更好地理解自己的学习或工作方式,为进一步提升提供指导。在写心得体会之前,可以先整理和梳理自己的思路和想法。通过阅读这些精选的心得体会范文
总结是一个提升自己能力的有效途径。怎样才能将一段复杂的内容简洁明了地总结出来?总结的范文可以给我们提供启示和思考,但我们要抓住其中的核心要点,根据自己的实际情况
为确保事情或工作顺利开展,常常要根据具体情况预先制定方案,方案是综合考量事情或问题相关的因素后所制定的书面计划。怎样写方案才更能起到其作用呢?方案应该怎么制定呢
方案是指在解决问题或实现目标时所制定的具体行动计划。如何制定一个有效的方案是一个复杂而重要的问题。接下来是一些权威专家对方案制定的建议和指导。人才引进工作方案篇
做任何工作都应改有个计划,以明确目的,避免盲目性,使工作循序渐进,有条不紊。写计划的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?这里给大家分享一些最新的计划书范文
通过读后感,我们可以结合个人经历和实际情况,将书中的观点和理论与现实生活相结合。写读后感时,要注意用自己的语言表达,不要抄袭他人的观点和评价。以下是我对一本励志
每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?这里
范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?这里我整理了一些优
人的记忆力会随着岁月的流逝而衰退,写作可以弥补记忆的不足,将曾经的人生经历和感悟记录下来,也便于保存一份美好的回忆。相信许多人会觉得范文很难写?以下是小编为大家
报告通常包括标题、摘要、引言、正文、结论和参考文献等部分。在报告结束时,要提供具体的建议或行动计划,使报告更有实用性。请参考下面的报告范文,了解如何撰写对不同领
方案的制定需要详细和具体,而不是模糊和笼统。在制定方案时,我们要进行风险评估和风险管理,以确保方案的成功实施。以下方案范文供大家参考,可以帮助大家更好地理解和应
随着社会一步步向前发展,报告不再是罕见的东西,多数报告都是在事情做完或发生后撰写的。那么,报告到底怎么写才合适呢?以下是我为大家搜集的报告范文,仅供参考,一起来
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。范文书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢?下面是小编为大家收集的优
在日常的学习、工作、生活中,肯定对各类范文都很熟悉吧。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗?以下是小编为大家收集的优秀范文,欢迎大家分享阅读。二年级一千零

小学语文《搭石》教学设计 搭石教学教案设计(4篇)

格式:DOC 上传日期:2025-02-10 12:29:16
小学语文《搭石》教学设计 搭石教学教案设计(4篇)
    小编:Darcy大发

作为一位不辞辛劳的人民教师,常常要根据教学需要编写教案,教案有利于教学水平的提高,有助于教研活动的开展。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的教案吗?下面是我给大家整理的教案范文,欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴,希望对大家能够有所帮助。

小学语文《搭石》教学设计 搭石教学教案设计篇一

��������ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½â¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢å¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¢ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ç»·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½êºí¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡£

����è«ï¿½ä°ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·å´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»·ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ð£¬½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ç´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2��4��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£ï¿½ï¿½2��è»ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ú´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3��è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½æ£»ï¿½ï¿½4��è»ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

������������������������è¡ï¿½ï¿½å©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ïªï¿½ð°ú´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ú¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ú´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½æ¡ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½á»¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öœï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ä»ä»ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»­ï¿½æ¡£

����������îªï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ôªï¿½äµï¿½ò»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¶èµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ê±òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶è£ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï²»òªí£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß£ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ò²»·ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü±ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä¸ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¶èµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¨ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½

�����îºï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ç»ï¿½ó¦ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½âµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡£ï¿½ï¿½î»ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ´ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½çºü¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ø·ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×³ï¿½ï¿½ö»ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����îºï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ô¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£º½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµä»ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ê¾ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµï¿½ö®ò»ï¿½ï¿½

�������ä²ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ê¾ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ã»ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬è´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿õ¼ä¡£

����

�������꼶��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ß±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ì¶¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²¦ï¿½ï¿½

����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ü±ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä¸ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ùµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµï¿½ö®ò»ï¿½ï¿½

����

����1����ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ´ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6�����ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ä¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ñ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡±ï¿½ï¿½10�����ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ñ´ï¿½ú¡ï¿½é½ï¿½é¡±ï¿½ï¿½16�����

����2���ã½ï¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ü¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½

����3��æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×µä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����

����1���ã½ï¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½

����2�������ô´ê¾ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

����

������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê±

������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����1��í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¯ò¯ï¿½ï¿½'ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

���������飺��ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

����2���ë½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ä¶ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½

������í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ê±ï¿½ä¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï²»òªí£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ä¶ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½

������1������ע������

������2�����������ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï²»òªí£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������3�����ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����3���㱨�������������硣

����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ²åµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½

������1����ò»ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î¡ï¿½

������ê²ã´ï¿½ç´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½

�������������죬������������������ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óºóµä¶ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ïªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¤ï¿½å¹ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������������������ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·å´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

����������ᡰæ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£

�����û´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½í°ú·å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å½á¡¢ä¬ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·å´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½èµø¹ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½

���������飺���ü´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

������2����2��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ú´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

���������飺�ú·å´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

������3����3��4��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ê±ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½

���������飺�ߴ�ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

������4����5��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²ï¿½ì¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

���������飺������ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

����3�������ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡£

����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ²åµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ã»¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í£ï¿½ù£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¾ï¿½ê¼ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ðµø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ß¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¶èµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï²»òªí£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü±ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä¸ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¶èµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����������ù¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����1����ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¿

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹ï¿½ð¡ïªê±ï¿½ú·åµï¿½ê¯í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡â·ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

����2���������߼�ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½

�������â³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºó±ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½øµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½å©ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¸ï¿½ê«ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½å©ï¿½å³¤ï¿½ó£¬ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»øµï¿½å©ï¿½å¹¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î°®ï¿½å¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×£ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ä²ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ïµï¿½×¯ï¿½ú£ï¿½å©ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¹ï¿½ï¿½ß²ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»×©ò»ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ê¶ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¨å¨ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½â¡£

�����������ߵä¼ï¿½ï¿½ë½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù´ï¿½ï¿½ß½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¯ò¯ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ç¿´ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½

����3������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½

������1��ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£

������2���ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

����4��������

������1��ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£º

����ñ´ï¿½ï¿½ ���� ��ð¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��� ���� æ½ï¿½ï¿½ æ½ï¿½ï¿½ ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������2��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½

������ñ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ­ï¿½ò¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò±ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çºï¿½ð±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çºá£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµã£»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ²ï¿½ï¿½

������������ò½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ­ï¿½ò¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æ²í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����ûºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ä²¿ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡±µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµã¡£

������3���������ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£º

����ñ´ï¿½ï¿½ é½ï¿½ï¿½ ç´ï¿½ï¿½ ���� ��� î¨ï¿½ï¿½ ���� æ½ï¿½ï¿½ ���� æ½ï¿½ï¿½ ����

����ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ �ò³ï¿½ ���� ���� ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è» ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ��ó°ï¿½â´ï¿½

����í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ö¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¿

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºï¿½ù¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡°ñ´ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡°ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡°ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡±¡ï¿½ï¿½ü²ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡°ç´ï¿½ð¡±¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½â´â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£

�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªí»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ø¹ë£ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½õ»ï¿½

������ú¿îµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½õ»ï¿½

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½â´ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ç´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¶èµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµ

����1����ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ê¡ï¿½

����2����������ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¶èµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����3�����������ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±

������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����1���ï½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ë­ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ç´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½

�������������죬������������������ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óºóµä¶ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ïªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¤ï¿½å¹ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����2����ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½

������������ç¹ï¿½ð¡ïªê±ï¿½ä´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨í¨ï¿½ï¿½ê¯í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾°ï¿½ï¿½

�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡°ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¶¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����������æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����1������ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾°ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¾ä¬ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½

�������ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½

���������ã½ï¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ß¡ï¿½

����2��������������ê¾ï¿½øµï¿½ä¡£

������1���ú´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

�����ù³ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½

�����������ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ú·åºã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´¦¶ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½î¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡£ï¿½ï¿½

����������᣺�������ç°ú´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½

���������飺�������í°ú´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

�����ú³ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½

���������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¸ï¿½â·ï¿½ï¿½ö»òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½è£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â´ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê¯í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï±ï¿½ì¤ï¿½ï¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²å¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����������᣺���ë²èµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½èµä´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê¯í·ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½

����������᣺������ä¬ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×£ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½æ·ï¿½ê¡ï¿½

���������飺��ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

������2���ߴ�ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½

������ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ò£¬¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½àªµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½å²¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½â´â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë»ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������ê²ã´ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½â´â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����������᣺�����������మ������ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

���������飺ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

������������������ߴ�ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½

����������������������í¬ê±ï¿½ßµï¿½ïªï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ü»ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ç°ö¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ã¶ô·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½è¶ô·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à±³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����������᣺�����ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½

���������飺ç«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

�����û±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

���������������������ߴ�ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¹ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½â¿´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����������è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ä£ï¿½

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������仰���������ë¸ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

���������飺ç«ï¿½ã¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½

�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½æ¡ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½æ¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ù´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¶èµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

���������������������⣬��������ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼

����1����ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½

������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡â·ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

���������ä½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½î²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ë¼ï¿½ë¡£

����2����î²îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ø£ï¿½

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×µï¿½ð´ï¿½õ£ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à°®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñºã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡â·ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾°ï¿½ï¿½

���������飺��ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½î²ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������ä£ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

��������ò¯ò¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨í¨ï¿½ä´ï¿½ê¯ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä£ï¿½

����ô¤ï¿½è£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½û²ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£

�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�������壩�������죬������òµ

�������ߴó²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ð´æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

������ê¾ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½

����ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ó²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ð´ð´æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����������í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ó¦ï¿½ãµï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����

�����������í°ú´ï¿½ê¯

������ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ ��ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ ��������

����ç«ï¿½ã¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ ���ã¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¦ï¿½ï¿½

�����è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ´ï¿½ê¯

小学语文《搭石》教学设计 搭石教学教案设计篇二

����

����1���������ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×µä¾ï¿½ï¿½ñ£¬²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¾ï¿½ï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õ£ï¿½

����2��ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½

����

�����������������í¨ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

����

�����������������í¨ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

����

��������ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����

�����è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½â·ö¶î½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,í¬ê±ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¶ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½

�������å¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸õ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¿ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£©

����

���������ð²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿õ°×´ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ë¡£

����è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï°ï¿½ßºï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ê±,ê¦ñ²ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½,������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ã±¨ï¿½ï¿½

��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ã±¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£¬½ï¿½ê¦ë³ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ä¿ï¿½ä¡ï¿½

����

����1��ê¾ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.��î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡,êµêµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾°.����ð´ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð­ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,����������,���ë»ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,�â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.ץס�ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ä´ê¾ï¿½,ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,���ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,������.è»ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,��������.

����2����æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±,�øµï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»òªò»ï¿½ï¿½ì¤ï¿½ï¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²å¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¿ì»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½âµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½.ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½,��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,���������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

����3������ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµ,���ç¼òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½,é¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½å¯ï¿½ï¿½.������é½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,�໥ç«ï¿½ï¿½,��������,���ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,���ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����*���⡰������è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½.

����*��ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½.

������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç«ï¿½ãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½,�ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

����4�������ñ§ï°ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß½ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,ò»ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½,��������������,������������.��ê±,��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.�������ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.���ê¦ð¡ï¿½ï¿½:ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,ä¬ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,��������,���ï°ï¿½ï¿½ïµäºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

����

��������������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,����æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ê¯,����ê¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,��ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë­ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½

�����������í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½:����æ½ê±ï¿½ç·ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ò»ì¸ï¿½ï¿½!

����

������ò»ï¿½ä»°ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½è±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹û²ì¡°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½,�������ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.�����ë²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.

小学语文《搭石》教学设计 搭石教学教案设计篇三

《搭石》是一篇意境优美、生活气息浓郁的散文。作者通过对家乡环境的介绍,反映出“搭石”在人们生活中的重要作用,借助对乡亲们“摆搭石、走搭石”等几个生活画面的细致描写,赞美了乡亲们无私奉献的美好品质和家乡的淳朴民风。

全文按照“介绍搭石—摆放搭石—走搭石—赞美搭石”的顺序展开,可以分为三个部分。第一部分(第1自然段),从家乡的生活环境谈起,介绍了什么是搭石。第二部分(第2—4自然段),具体写搭石在人们生活中的作用和意义。第2自然段写乡亲们摆搭石的场景;第3自然段描绘了乡亲们走搭石的美好画面;第4自然段选取典型事例,描写了乡亲们走搭石时互相礼让、尊老爱幼的情景。第三部分(第5自然段),点明主旨,揭示搭石承载着乡亲们美好的情感。

课文语言质朴生动,截取了农村生活中几个平凡的极具画面感的场景,处处体现着乡亲们美好淳朴的情感。秋凉在即,乡亲们在小溪中摆搭石;“出工、收工、赶集、访友”“来来去去”看得出搭石在家乡人生活中的重要意义。如果某处没摆搭石,人们会谴责那里的人懒惰,上了点儿年岁的人会主动调整搭石,反映出乡亲们的淳朴善良、与人为善。一行人走搭石协调有序,两人面对面走搭石会互相礼让,年轻人背老人走搭石……体现岀乡亲们和睦友善的美好情感。这一幕幕情景清晰、生动,呈现出一幅幅和谐美好的乡村生活画面。

本课作为阅读策略单元的第一课,重在学习提高阅读速度的方法和基本阅读习惯。学习提示有两点要求,一是“用较快的速度默读”,提示学生阅读时要有意识地提高速度,同时记录自己的阅读时间,用于对自己阅读效果的检测。二是“集中注意力”和“遇到不懂的词语不要停下来,不要回读”。“集中注意力”是最基本的阅读习惯,指的是阅读的时候不分心,不走神,能够抵抗来自周边环境和自己内心的干扰;“不要回读”是提高阅读速度的基本策略。“回读”指的是目光重新扫视前面读过的文字。

课后第一题有三方面要求:一是回应学习提示中“记下所用时间”,二是检测自己在一定阅读时间内能了解到多少课文内容,三是交流阅读体会。两位学习伙伴提示了重要的阅读方法。其中,“汛期”是很多学生不理解的词语,“紧走搭石慢过桥”是学生不易理解的句子,在这些地方学生容易出现回读,教材以学习伙伴的形式提出建议,提示大家在哪些地方可以尽量不要回读。

课后第二题指向对课文内容的理解感悟:借助回忆印象深刻的画面,了解课文主要内容;借助对词句的品读,体会乡亲们美好的情感。本题旨在引导学生达成阅读理解的目标,这是本课的教学重点之一。

课文插图给学生展示了“搭石”的样子。搭石连接着河流的两岸,方便人们的生活出行。画面中虽然没有出现人物,却给人以无限遐想的空间。

五年级的学生已经具备了一定的阅读能力和语言组织能力,这为有效地展开阅读奠定了良好的基础。但是,搭石以及搭石所描绘的生活场景离学生的生活有点远,学生理解起来有点难,需要教师适当引导、点拨。

学生对于不熟悉的文章,在阅读时容易受到周边环境和自己内心的干扰,以至于分心、走神。另外,学生遇到不懂的词句往往会回读。回读的次数越多,阅读速度也就越慢。因此,本课在教学设计时将学习提高阅读速的方法,作为教学重点之一。

1、认识“汛、谴”等6个生字,读准多音字“间”,会写“汛、挽、懒、惰”等10个生字,会写“汛期、山洪”等16个词语。

2、用较快的速度默读课文,能集中注意力,不要回读,了解课文的主要内容。

3、品读作者细致描写的典型事例,抓住关键词句,感受乡亲们默默无闻、无私奉献的精神。

1、用较快的速度默读课文,了解课文的主要内容。

2、借助对词句的品读,体会乡亲们美好的情感。

第一课时

(一)初读课文,了解快速默读的阅读策略

1、同学们,今天我们一起学习刘章爷爷的'一篇文章——搭石。

(板书:搭石)

2、了解速读策略,出示阅读要求。

请同学们用较快的速度默读课文,老师帮大家记下所用的时间。读的时候集中注意力,遇到不懂的词语不要停下来,不回读。

出示阅读要求:

(1)集中注意力。

(2)遇到不懂的词语不要停下来。

(3)不回读。

3、汇报交流,理清脉络。

通过刚才的快速默读,你了解了哪些内容?

(1)第一自然段。

①什么是搭石。

出示句子:

“进入秋天,天气变凉,家乡的人们会根据水的深浅,从河的对岸找来一些平整方正的石头,按照二尺左右的间隔,在小溪里横着摆上一排,让人们从上面踏着过去,这就是搭石”。

②人们是怎样挑选、摆放搭石。

理解体会“平整方正”“二尺左右的间隔”等重点词语。

③从这些搭石的挑选和摆放,你感受到了什么?

预设:乡亲们的善良、细心、友爱、团结、默默奉献……

④小结:家乡的人们根据水的深浅,找平整、方正的石头,按照二尺左右的距离摆放搭石,让人们从上面平稳地过去。从中,我们感受到的是乡亲们的善良与质朴。

(板书:介绍搭石)

(2)第2自然段:人们摆搭石。

(板书:摆放搭石)

(3)第3、4自然段:人们走搭石时协调有序,招收礼让,年轻人背老人。

(板书:走搭石)

(4)第5自然段:搭石任人踩踏,联结着乡亲们美好的情感。

(板书:赞美搭石)

3、交流阅读体会。

通过刚才的快速默读,我们了解了课文的主要内容。你还有哪些快速默读的阅读体会吗?

预设:①遇到不懂的地方,不停顿,不反复读;②眼睛始终注视课文;③不被其他同学翻书、咳嗽等外界声音干扰;④通句通行地读,不能逐字逐词地读;⑤注意力集中,边看边思考……

【设计意图:通过阅读提示,学生学习提高阅读速度的方法和基本阅读习惯。一是提示学生阅读时“集中注意力”,有意识地提高速度,二是“遇到不懂的词语不要停下来,不要回读”,抵抗来自周边环境和自己内心的干扰,而“不要回读”是提高阅读速度的基本策略。】

(二)再读课文,引发思考,解决问题

1、题目引发思考。

同学们,齐读课题。在快速阅读之后,你对题目有了怎样的理解?

预设:“搭石”是家乡人们过小溪时摆放的石头构成的;“搭石”构成了家乡的一道风景;搭石,联结着故乡的小路,也联结着乡亲们美好的情感。

2、介绍作者及写作背景。

出示作者介绍:

刘章出生在河北省兴隆县的一个村庄,被誉为“农民诗人”“草根诗人”。他从小在农村长大,后来又回到农村工作,在那里生活了十多年。刘章深爱着家乡的一切,家乡的乡亲,林间的草木,田野上的庄稼,农家院里的瓜果蔬菜、猪驴牛羊,乃至溪涧的一砖一石都能涌入他的笔端,生发出浓浓的诗意。

对于作者的简单了解,有利于我们读懂他的文章。让我们带着这些理解再次走进课文,去刘章爷爷的家乡看一看吧。

3、自主学习,出示学习提示:

(1)默读课文,用已有学习方法学习生字、词语。

(2)找出课文给你留下印象最深的画面,并批注相关语句,体会乡亲们美好的情感。

4、交流:

(1)学习生字。

出示词语:

汛期 访友 脱鞋挽裤 间隔 懒惰 平稳 平衡 协调有序

(2)指导生字书写。

[汛]左右结构,左窄右宽。右边“”第一笔是横斜钩;第二笔是横,不是点;第三笔是竖,不是撇。

[挽]左右结构,左窄右宽。右部的第六笔是一撇通下来。

[衡]左中右结构,中间部分紧凑,“大”的捺改点。

(3)理解下列词语的意思。

出示词语:

汛期 山洪 谴责 暴发 间隔 唯独 懒惰 平稳 保持 平衡 美感

示意 家常 假如 联结 理所当然 协调有序 人影绰绰

同学们,理解词语的方法是多种多样的,你能用什么方法理解这些词语?

预设:①根据图片理解“汛期”“间隔”的。②联系生活实际,理解“家常”“挽裤”。③联系上下文理解词语“协调有序”。④查字典理解“谴责”“懒惰”“人影绰绰”“理所当然”等词语。

【设计意图:学生在精读课文的基础上,通过对重点词句的理解,从而理解作者的写作意图,让学生受到美的熏陶。这个环节不仅培养学生解决问题的能力,而且为突出重点,突破难点做充分准备。】

(三)课堂回顾,总结收获

这节课的学习,你有哪些收获?

预设:①学习了生字、新词。②了解了什么是搭石。③学会了提高阅读速度的方法……

(四)布置作业

1、抄写生字词。

2、交流提高阅读速度的方法。

3、继续读课文,体会乡亲们美好的情感。

第二课时

(一)复习导入

1、上节课我们学习了《搭石》这篇文章,谁来说一说,什么是搭石?

出示句子:

“进入秋天,天气变凉,家乡的人们会根据水的深浅,从河的对岸找来一些平整方正的石头,按照二尺左右的间隔,在小溪里横着摆上一排,让人们从上面踏着过去,这就是搭石”。

2、出示课文插图:

这就是人们过小溪时的搭石。就是这些普普通通的石头,构成了家乡的一道风景。

【设计意图:回忆课文内容导入,可以激发学生对于“搭石”再次理解的兴趣,为理解“搭石,构成了家乡的一道风景”奠定基础。】

(二)品读课文,体会美好情感

1、快速默读,寻找美丽风景。

出示默读要求:

课文给你留下印象最深的画面是什么?从哪些语句中可以体会到乡亲们美好的情感?

请大家用较快的速度默读课文,找出给你留下印象最深的画面,看看从哪些语句可以体会到乡亲们美好的情感,将自己的感受批注在旁边。

2、交流反馈,出示重点句。

(1)摆搭石。

①出示句子:

“秋凉以后,人们早早地将搭石摆放好。如果别处都有搭石,唯独这一处没有,人们会谴责这里的人懒惰。”

引导体会:秋凉人们摆搭石,体现出人们的勤劳。

(板书:秋凉勤劳摆搭石)

②出示句子:

“上了点儿年岁的人,无论怎样急着赶路,只要发现哪块搭石不平稳,一定会放下带的东西,找来合适的石头搭上,再在上边踏上几个来回,直到满意了才肯离去。”

想象体会:老人踩到不稳的搭石会怎样想,表情、动作会怎样?挑选合适的石头时,会怎样想、怎样做?满意离去时,会是怎样的心理、表情、动作?你有什么感受?

预设:学生抓住重点词语“无论……只要……一定……”“踏几个来回”“直到……才”

引导体会:乡亲们默默奉献,为他人着想的好品质。

(板书:无私奉献换搭石)

(2)走搭石。

①一行人走搭石。

出示句子:

“每当上下工,一行人走搭石的时候,动作是那么协调有序!前面的抬起脚来,后面的紧跟上去,嗒嗒的声音,像轻快的音乐;清波漾漾,人影绰绰,给人画一般的美感。”

你从什么地方感受到美?

预设:理解俗语“紧走搭石慢过桥”,“协调有序”走搭石的配合默契,“人影绰绰”的姿态美……

引导体会:乡亲们相亲相爱,生活默契,所以动作协调。

(板书:协调有序走搭石)

②两个人面对面走搭石。

出示句子:

“如果有两个人面对面同时走到溪边,总会在第一块搭石前止步,招手示意,让对方先走;等对方过了河,两人再说上几句家常话,才相背而行。”

引导体会:乡亲们互相礼让。

(板书:谦让走搭石)

③背老人过搭石。

“假如遇上老人来走搭石,年轻人总要俯下身子背老人过去,人们把这看成理所当然的事。”

理所当然的事,就是不讲任何条件都应该做的事;是做了以后不求回报的事。那么文中指什么事是理所当然的?

预设:年轻人背老人过搭石是理所当然的事……

这句话读起来让人感到融融乡情,读起来让人感到那么亲切。

(板书:谦让敬老过搭石)

【设计意图:围绕“印象最深的画面”设计相应的问题加以引导,能让学生自主解决问题,提高自学能力。用较快的速度默读课文,再次培养学生提高阅读速度的意识,提升阅读理解能力。】

(三)理解文章主题,解释作者写作意图

1、出示句子:

“一排排搭石,任人走,任人踏,它们联结着故乡的小路,也联结着乡亲们美好的情感。”

这样的结尾有什么好处?

预设:这样的结尾表达了作者热爱家乡,赞美搭石,赞美像搭石一样的乡亲们的思想。

2、结尾为什么不直接赞美乡亲们,而赞美搭石呢?

预设:无私的搭石,正是乡亲们默默无闻,无私奉献的写照,也是乡亲们相亲相爱,友好互助的情感纽带,体现了乡亲们的心灵美。

一排排搭石,任人走,任人踏,它们联结着故乡的小路,也联结着乡亲们美好的情感。搭石,构成了家乡的一道风景。

(板书:搭石是联结家乡人们美好感情的纽带。)

【设计意图:对于文章结尾的分析,有利于学生理解作者的写作意图,加深对“搭石,构成了家乡的一道风景”的理解,并受到美好情感的熏陶。】

(四)总结写作方法

刘章爷爷是如何借助普普通通的搭石写出乡亲们美好情感的?

预设:仔细观察,生动描写;用心感受,以小见大,平凡事物中见真情。

【设计意图:对写作方法的总结,能让学生了解写作方法,为学生的习作提供方法,提升写作能力。】

(五)课外延伸,布置作业

作者从不起眼的事物中发现了美,对我们很有启发,同学们也可以尝试写写平凡事物中的美。

出示作业:

小练笔:作者从不起眼的事物中发现了美,对我很有启发,我也来写写平凡事物中的美。

【设计意图:启发学生做生活的有心人,发现平凡事物中的美,把所学知识应用到实际中,表达自己感受到的美好情感。】

秋凉勤劳摆搭石

无私奉献换搭石 搭石是联结

搭石 协调有序走搭石 家乡人们

谦让敬老过搭石 美好感情的纽带

热爱家乡赞搭石

小学语文《搭石》教学设计 搭石教学教案设计篇四

1、流利、有感情地朗读课文,感受乡亲们默默无闻、无私奉献的精神,并从中受到感染、熏陶;

2、学习作者仔细观察、生动描写的方法,培养留心观察、用心感受的习惯。

体会作者是怎样通过平凡的事物让我们感受到美的。

体会作者是怎样通过平凡的事物让我们感受到美的。

《搭石》课件、搭石道具

先回忆一下分段教师简写段意,然后老师播放配有音乐的美丽画面,同时指名分段朗读课文,让同学们一边听一边在头脑中浮现课文讲述的画面,将学生快速带入美境中。

接着就让学生说一说,在刚才听读课文时,你的头脑中浮现了哪些画面?揭示景物——美(板书)

课文中不但有优美的景物,还有我们用眼睛看不见的美,让我们再默读课文,去发现课文中的美。让学生边读边画出认为美的地方,并思考:你为什么觉得这儿写得美?并在空白处写上自己的感想。

然后,让学生在小组内结合一个你们认为写得美的自然节谈谈文章哪些词句写得美?使学生运用读、找、画、议的学习方法理解课文,通过小组讨论,畅所欲言,培养了学生的自主、合作、探究的学习习惯和学习能力。(小组合作学习时,师巡视指导,让自主学习落实到实处)

小组汇报:

依照学生的汇报次序,教师顺次指导学生学习相关知识,重点引导学生品读、评读、研读,以提高学生的朗读能力,以读代讲,达到理解课文的目的。

1、示范品读第三段.这段话对一行人走搭石的描摹,实实在在体现了搭石构成了家乡的一道风景.作者写一行人走搭石的动作协调有序,像轻快的音乐,给人画一般的美感,仿佛在我们的眼前展现了一幅有声有色的美丽画卷.抓住关键的词句,学生边读边展开想象,充分说出眼前浮现的画面,让学生身临其境的体会美,感受美.然后指导读句,读出感情.

2、在品析第二段时,重点抓住无论怎样只要一定踏上几个来回直到满意了才肯离去生动地刻画了老人认真细致的动作,理解老人一心想为他人着想的优秀品质.指导有感情地朗读,进一步体会老人的心灵美,读出对老人的赞美.

3、这第四段虽然文字朴实,但是简单的事情中闪烁着美好的思想,散发出融融的暖意.生活在山里的纯朴的人们,相互谦让,互敬互助,尊老爱老,而且“把这看成理所当然的事”。

*理解“理所当然的事”.

*联系生活举例说说你眼中的“理所当然的事”都有些什么事.

让学生充分感受那种谦让和尊老之美,有感情的朗读。

4、第五段学习写法:借石喻人,进一步体会作者借搭石所要颂扬的无私奉献,一心为他人着想的人性美.指导朗读,让生倾听与评价,充分理解与感悟.此时,让学生充分发表和交流自己感受.让他们在交流中升华对文章的理解.最后师小结:希望大家也做心中有他人,默默奉献,互相礼让,尊老爱老的孩子.

本文作者是一个留心观察身边事物的人,他把平常的一件摆搭石,过搭石的事儿介绍得这么具体,这么美。谁愿意有感情地朗读课文,老师给配乐,听的同学把自己最喜欢的地方画下来。并让学生把喜欢的部分抄下来。

最后提问同学们:你们平时是否也曾留心观察身边的“美”呢谈一谈吧!

有一句话说:“世界上不缺少美,而是缺少能发现美的眼睛!”希望同学们能够在平凡的生活中观察“美”、发现“美”!指导学生课后进行练笔训练,帮助提高习作能力.并将此布置为一次练笔作业回家完成.

全文阅读已结束,如果需要下载本文请点击

下载此文档
猜你喜欢 网友关注 本周热点 软件
总结是提高自我反思和学习能力的有效工具。可以通过比较和分析来进行有深度的总结。总结是对过去一段时间内的经验和收获进行总结的一种方法,它可以促使我们思考,我想我们
阅读一本好书后,产生的读后感常常让人陶醉其中,久久不能自拔。读后感不要害怕表达自己的情感和态度,但要注意文风得体、用词准确。以下是小编为大家收集的读后感范文,仅
计划是指为了实现某种目标或完成某项任务而提前做出的安排和安排。计划的时间安排要合理,充分考虑到工作和学习任务的复杂性。希望这些计划范文能够激发你的灵感,让你能够
制定计划可以帮助我们保持目标的清晰和明确。在制定计划时,我们可以设立小的目标,逐步实现长期目标。最后,希望大家能够善用计划,提高工作和学习的效率,取得更好的成果
报告是一种将某一事件、问题或调查结果进行详细叙述和分析的书面材料,它能够向读者传达相关信息和结论,引起他们的关注和思考。报告可以是关于科学实验结果、市场调研报告
范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。范文书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢?接
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗?以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文,
总结是使我们更好地认识自己、提高自己的利器。良好的总结需要有全面的了解与观察。以下是小编为大家收集的总结范文,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。让男朋友感动哭的句子1
教育是培养人才的基础,对一个国家的发展至关重要。写总结时要注意掌握好篇幅和深度,既要全面而不失重要信息,又要简明扼要以节约读者的时间和精力。通过阅读这些优秀的总
每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?这里
在日常学习、工作或生活中,大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧,通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?以下是我为大家搜集
人生天地之间,若白驹过隙,忽然而已,我们又将迎来新的喜悦、新的收获,一起对今后的学习做个计划吧。那关于计划格式是怎样的呢?而个人计划又该怎么写呢?以下我给大家整
在实施任何方案之前,我们需要仔细分析问题的性质和特点。方案的提出应该基于对问题的充分理解和深入分析。方案制定不仅需要理论的支持,更需要实践的经验和过程中的总结。
作为一位杰出的教职工,总归要编写教案,教案是教学活动的总的组织纲领和行动方案。既然教案这么重要,那到底该怎么写一篇优质的教案呢?下面是我给大家整理的教案范文,欢
作为一名教职工,总归要编写教案,教案是教学蓝图,可以有效提高教学效率。优秀的教案都具备一些什么特点呢?又该怎么写呢?以下是小编为大家收集的教案范文,仅供参考,大
有计划地工作和学习,可以让我们更好地利用时间,提高效率。如何制定一个有效的计划是一个需要掌握的重要技能。下面是一些经过精心策划的计划范文,希望可以给你的计划制定
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?以下是小编为大家收集的优秀范文,欢迎大家
总结可以帮助我们梳理思路,理清脉络,准确表达自己的观点和想法。在总结的过程中,我们可以回顾过去的成果和问题,找到经验和教训。下面是一些实用的总结写作技巧和方法,
在当下社会,接触并使用报告的人越来越多,不同的报告内容同样也是不同的。报告的格式和要求是什么样的呢?下面是小编为大家整理的报告范文,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
总结是对过去经历的一种总结和概括,可以帮助我们形成对事物的更全面、更深入的认识。对总结进行反复修改和精炼,确保言之有物、简明扼要。接下来是一些出色的总结范文,希
总结是对一段时间内的工作和学习成果进行归纳和总结的重要手段。总结不仅要体现对过去的回顾,还要展望未来的发展,展示个人的成长和进步。通过阅读以下总结范文,我们可以
计划是我们在实现目标和规划未来时所制定的具体行动方案。制定时间表和时间节点,将任务分配到不同的时间段,并设定合理的工作量和时间预期。以下是小编为大家收集的计划范
一种特殊的情感体验是指在某种特定的情境下所产生的特殊情感体验。要写一篇较为完美的总结,我们需要抓住关键信息,避免过多的细节。以下是小编为大家收集的总结范文,希望
教案有助于教师合理安排教学时间,提供教学参考。编写教案需要明确教学目标,清楚学生的学习需求。以下是一些经验丰富的教师所编写的教案,希望可以为大家的工作提供一些参
在日常的学习、工作、生活中,肯定对各类范文都很熟悉吧。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?以下是我为大家搜集的优质范文,仅供参考,一起来看看吧英国
范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?以
科技的快速发展给我们的生活带来了很多便利,但也引发了一些问题。总结要突出主题和亮点,重点突出自己在学习和工作中的成果和收获。希望大家能通过阅读范文,提高自己的写
方案是从目的、要求、方式、方法、进度等都部署具体、周密,并有很强可操作性的计划。优秀的方案都具备一些什么特点呢?又该怎么写呢?以下就是小编给大家讲解介绍的相关方
报告是一种重要的沟通工具,需要写作者进行充分的准备和专业素养的展示。最后,写完报告后要进行仔细的审校和修改,确保报告的内容准确无误。这些报告范文展示了不同的写作
为了确保我们的努力取得实效,就不得不需要事先制定方案,方案是书面计划,具有内容条理清楚、步骤清晰的特点。方案能够帮助到我们很多,所以方案到底该怎么写才好呢?下面
在制定方案时,我们需要考虑时间和资源的限制。一个完美的方案应该注重可持续发展和长期效益,具有持久性。小编为大家精心整理的这些方案范例都是经过实践验证的可行方法。
学习中的快乐,产生于对学习内容的兴趣和深入。世上所有的人都是喜欢学习的,只是学习的方法和内容不同而已。那么我们写心得感悟要注意的内容有什么呢?那么下面我就给大家
总结是我们成长道路上的必修课,让我们更好地了解自己。情感表达需要我们关注自己和他人的情感需求,并尊重彼此的差异。没有人能够百分之百地做到完美,我们只需尽力而为就
编写教案可以帮助教师系统地组织教学内容,提高课堂教学效果。在教案中适当运用多媒体教学手段,提高学生的学习兴趣和参与度。这些教案范例是教师们在不断探索和创新中总结
总结是对过去一段时间内经历的事情进行回顾和总结的一种方式。要注意总结的态度要客观中肯,既强调正面成绩和亮点,也要提及改进和不足之处。范文中的总结都很精炼,言简意
随着个人素质的提升,报告使用的频率越来越高,我们在写报告的时候要注意逻辑的合理性。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的报告吗?下面我给大家整理了一些优秀的报告范
读后感是记录自己阅读历程的一种方式,可以看到自己的成长和变化。写一篇较为完美的读后感,首先需要认真阅读并理解书中的内容。希望以下这些读后感范文能够为大家提供一些
教案是教学准备的重要一环,能让教师更好地控制教学进度。教案应该考虑学生的学习兴趣和能力,设计具有挑战性的任务。接下来,小编为大家分享一些实用的教案范例,希望能够
范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?以下是我为大家搜集
通过总结,我们可以找出工作中存在的问题,并提出解决方案。写总结时,我们可以借鉴他人的经验和方法,以提升自己的总结写作能力。这些总结范文涵盖了不同领域和层次的总结
总结也是对自己价值的确认,对个人成长的评估和反思。写一篇较为完美的总结需要清晰的逻辑和明确的结论。以下是小编为大家整理的一些优秀总结范文,供大家参考和学习。农业
随着社会不断地进步,报告使用的频率越来越高,报告具有语言陈述性的特点。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的报告吗?下面是我给大家整理的报告范文,欢迎大家阅读分享
作为一位兢兢业业的人民教师,常常要写一份优秀的教案,教案是保证教学取得成功、提高教学质量的基本条件。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的教案吗?下面是我给大家整
总结可以帮助我们发现事物的本质,从而更好地应对类似的问题。总结不仅要注意结果,还要关注过程,分析原因和产生的影响。总结范文的风格和结构可以根据自己的需求进行调整
教案的编写还需要注意评价方法的设计,以便及时了解学生的学习情况并进行适当的调整。编写教案前,教师应对教育教学理论进行深入研究,了解教学设计的基本原则。教案的编写
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。范文书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢?下面是小编帮大家整理的优
在日常的学习、工作、生活中,肯定对各类范文都很熟悉吧。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?这里我整理了一些优秀的范文,希望对大家有所帮助,下面我们就来了解一下吧。
总结是一种思考和反思的过程,能够让人更清晰地认识自己的成长和进步。融入个人思考和观点,凸显自身的价值和贡献。这些总结范文精选了优秀的写作素材和有趣的案例,希望能
工作学习中一定要善始善终,只有总结才标志工作阶段性完成或者彻底的终止。通过总结对工作学习进行回顾和分析,从中找出经验和教训,引出规律性认识,以指导今后工作和实践
总结是把一定阶段内的有关情况分析研究,做出有指导性的经验方法以及结论的书面材料,它可以使我们更有效率,不妨坐下来好好写写总结吧。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的总
教案的编写需要考虑学生的实际情况和教学资源的利用。编写教案时应该注重培养学生的合作精神和团队意识。下面是一些优秀教师编写的教案,希望能够给大家提供一些启示。语文
光阴的迅速,一眨眼就过去了,很快就要开展新的工作了,来为今后的学习制定一份计划。我们该怎么拟定计划呢?那么下面我就给大家讲一讲计划书怎么写才比较好,我们一起来看
总结既是一种反思,也是对过去的一次总结和概括。在编写总结时,可以参考相关的模板和范文,但要注意不要照搬照抄。总结是反思和总结经验的重要手段,有助于不断完善自己。
时间就如同白驹过隙般的流逝,我们的工作与生活又进入新的阶段,为了今后更好的发展,写一份计划,为接下来的学习做准备吧!大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的计划吗?
在工作和学习中,报告被广泛用于向上级、同事或老师汇报工作进展或研究成果。要写一篇较为完美的报告,首先需要明确报告的目的和受众。以下是小编为大家收集的报告范文,仅
光阴的迅速,一眨眼就过去了,成绩已属于过去,新一轮的工作即将来临,写好计划才不会让我们努力的时候迷失方向哦。怎样写计划才更能起到其作用呢?计划应该怎么制定呢?那
每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?接下
时间流逝得如此之快,我们的工作又迈入新的阶段,请一起努力,写一份计划吧。计划怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?这里给大家分享一些最新的计划书范文,方便大家学习。技术
时间过得真快,总在不经意间流逝,我们又将续写新的诗篇,展开新的旅程,该为自己下阶段的学习制定一个计划了。计划怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?下面是小编整理的个人今
光阴的迅速,一眨眼就过去了,很快就要开展新的工作了,来为今后的学习制定一份计划。写计划的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?下面是我给大家整理的计划范文,
范文为教学中作为模范的文章,也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考,也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。写范文的时候需要注意什么呢?有哪些格式需要注意呢?下
制定计划前,要分析研究工作现状,充分了解下一步工作是在什么基础上进行的,是依据什么来制定这个计划的。相信许多人会觉得计划很难写?下面是我给大家整理的计划范文,欢
无论是身处学校还是步入社会,大家都尝试过写作吧,借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗?以下是小编为大家收集的优秀范文
人生天地之间,若白驹过隙,忽然而已,我们又将迎来新的喜悦、新的收获,一起对今后的学习做个计划吧。怎样写计划才更能起到其作用呢?计划应该怎么制定呢?下面是小编带来
总结是对已经发生的事情经过思考和分析,得出结论和经验教训的一种文体。在写总结时,要注意格式规范,语法正确,字句通顺,使读者易于理解。在这里,我为大家整理了一些精
在日常学习、工作或生活中,大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧,通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的范文呢?接下来小编就给
总结是一种整合和提炼信息的过程,可以让我们更好地理清思路和发现问题。一个较为完美的总结应当具备准确、简明扼要的特点,突出重点和核心信息。这里有一些经验丰富的人士
通过总结,我们可以发现自己在某些方面的不足,从而更好地规划未来的发展方向。在总结的过程中,可以借助工具和方法,如思维导图、SWOT分析等,使总结更具体和有效。接
高中(实用13篇)
2024-01-11
健康饮食是维持身体健康的基础,我们应该注意摄入营养均衡的食物。在总结中,我们可以结合具体的事实和数据进行分析。下面是一些备受推崇的总结范文,相信能够对大家的写作
通过写读后感可以记录下自己对书中人物、情节、主题的独特理解和感悟。在写读后感时,除了对书籍内容的评价,还可以加入对书籍设计和写作风格的欣赏和评价。以下是小编为大
读后感能够帮助我们更好地理解书中的内容,把握作者的用意。读后感要求对书中的细节和情节有准确的记忆和把握,以及对人物形象和情感的深入理解。以下是小编为大家带来的一
当品味完一部作品后,一定对生活有了新的感悟和看法吧,让我们好好写份读后感,把你的收获感想写下来吧。读后感对于我们来说是非常有帮助的,那么我们该如何写好一篇读后感
每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗?以下是小编
在工作中,我们常常需要写报告来汇报工作进展和成果。那么,如何写一份出色的报告呢?首先,我们需要明确报告的目的和受众,确定内容和结构的安排;其次,收集并整理相关资
不仅针对工作,计划也适用于生活中的各个方面,比如健身计划、旅行计划等。制定计划时,我们要与他人进行沟通和协作,以获取更多的建议和支持。需要制定计划的人可以阅读下
musicolet
2025-08-21
Musicolet作为一款高质量音乐播放器,确实不负众望。它不仅汇集了海量的音乐资源,包括网络热歌与歌手新作,即便是小众歌曲也能轻松找到,满足不同用户的音乐需求。更重要的是,该软件干扰,提供清晰音质和完整歌词,为用户营造了一个纯净、沉浸式的听歌环境。对于追求高品质音乐体验的朋友来说,Musicolet绝对值得一试。
Anyview阅读器的历史版本是一款出色的在线小说阅读软件,它提供了详尽而全面的小说分类,涵盖了都市、武侠、玄幻、悬疑等多种类型的小说。用户可以随时在线阅读自己喜欢的小说,并且该软件还支持多种阅读模式和功能设置,让用户能够自由地免费阅读感兴趣的内容。这不仅为用户带来了全方位的追书体验,还配备了便捷的书架管理功能,方便用户轻松收藏热门小说资源,并随时查看小说更新情况,以便于下次继续阅读。欢迎对此感兴趣的用户下载使用。
BBC英语
2025-08-21
BBC英语是一款专为英语学习设计的软件,它提供了丰富多样的专业英语学习资源。无论你是想提高口语水平还是锻炼听力能力,这里都有专门针对这些需求的训练内容。此外,该软件还能智能地评估和纠正你的口语发音,帮助你使发音更加标准、记忆更加准确。
百度汉语词典
2025-08-21
百度汉语词典是一款专为汉语学习设计的软件。通过这款软件,用户能够访问到丰富的汉语学习资源,包括详细的学习计划和学习进度统计等功能,提供了非常全面的数据支持。该软件还支持汉字查询,并且可以进行多种词典内容的关联搜索,从而在很大程度上满足了用户对于汉语学习的各种需求。
屏幕方向管理器是一款专为用户提供手机方向控制服务的应用程序。作为一款专业的管理工具,它能够强制调整手机屏幕的旋转方向。这款应用程序提供了多种功能,使用户能够轻松选择个性化的屏幕旋转方式。此外,屏幕方向管理器还具备丰富的设置选项,让用户可以通过简单的操作实现更多个性化配置,使用起来既方便又快捷。

关于我们 | 网站导航 | 网站地图 | 购买指南 | 联系我们

联系电话:(0512)55170217  邮箱: 邮箱:3455265070@qq.com
考研秘籍网 版权所有 © kaoyanmiji.com All Rights Reserved. 工信部备案号: 闽ICP备2025091152号-1