在日常的学习、工作、生活中,肯定对各类范文都很熟悉吧。范文怎么写才能发挥它最大的作用呢?接下来小编就给大家介绍一下优秀的范文该怎么写,我们一起来看一看吧。
中学语文说课稿社戏篇一
(一) 教材所处的地位和作用
《拿来主义》是鲁迅杂文在新课程中仅存的一条命。所以提到他的地位,我觉得它是现在高中生窥见鲁迅杂文的最后一眼。从另一方面讲,《拿来主义》是新课程中唯一的典型的议论文,一些常用的论证方法,论证结构在文中都有体现。
(二) 教学目标及确定根据
根据新课标"知识和能力、过程和方法、情感态度和价值观"的目标要求,结合本文的特点,确立教学目标如下:
1、 理解"拿来主义"的基本含义,
2、 引导学生透过词语的表面,分析其深刻内涵。
3、 分析本文的论证结构,学习运用生动形象的比喻论证。
4、 体会鲁迅先生杂文尖锐犀利、幽默诙谐的语言风格,体会鲁迅杂文的艺术特点。
5、 理解主题,探讨"拿来主义"在当代的文化意义。
(三) 教学重难点
1、 理解文章先破后立、破立结合的论证结构。
2、 学习比喻论证、类比论证、对比论证、举例论证等论证方法。
(一) 分析学情
对于鲁迅的文章,学生是多有学习,但是对于杂文,确实第一次。尤其在现在淡化文体教学的情况下,学生对于议论文的相关知识了解甚少,至少没有形成议论文的知识体系。在这样的情况下,教师要一方面教授本课的基础上,交代夯实议论文相应的知识。
(二) 学法及确定的依据
根据新课程标准的要求、学生的实际情况以及本文的特点,我确立了以下教法、学法:
(1)教法:提问式教法、小组讨论法、诱导研读法、
(2)学法:课前预习法、课堂探讨法、课后练习法
此外,为增加课堂教学容量,提高课堂效率,将采用多媒体辅助教学。
编者提出:阅读时不妨从文章的结构入手,沿着作者的思路,看作者怎样提出问题、分析问题和解决问题,怎样把观点和材料紧密结合起来。对这些文章如果能从不同角度去思考、质疑或阐发,那我们也就接近或进入了更高的境界。
"挈领法"教学
教学内容包括:理清文章层次,分析1~7自然段,分析因果论证方法,掌握作者论证的内在逻辑性。
我首先谈一下我是怎样导入新课的:"兴趣是最好的老师",从现实生活入手,引发学生的求知欲望,从而调动其学习的积极性和主动性,故设置导语如下:随着我国开放的深入发展,国外的科学、文化、技术以及资产阶级的腐朽思想,生活作风等等也随之大量涌来,我们应采取怎样的态度和方法才是正确的呢?鲁迅先生在 30年代就继承文化遗产问题曾写过一篇杂文,我想可以从中受到启发、得到教益。
下面我主要谈一下我是如何突破因果论证这一重点即难点的。在此我所把握的总的方法是:提出问题,给学生搭知识台阶,引学生思维上路,也就是说教者从学生实际出发,紧扣教材,由浅入深地设置一连串有内在逻辑性的问题,一环紧扣一环,引导学生认真阅读教材,深入理解教材,经过独立思考或共同讨论,得出每一问题的准确答案,在这里重在培养学生的理解能力和分析综合能力。故我决定从如下三步着手:
第一步:从"果"入手,切中要害
问题:1.文题"拿来主义"的内容是什么?
2.第7自然段用了"所以"一词表示结果,而"原因"又是什么呢?即为什么实行"拿来主义"?
第1题的设置针对全体学生,意在引导学生学会读书,抓住要点,同时为第2题的提出做铺垫;第2题的设置有一定难度,意在引导学生深入思考,在此就很有必要搭知识台阶。
第二步:由浅入深,设置问题
问题分为三阶梯度,每梯度的问题即为一个高度的台阶,学生每得出一个答案就登上一个台阶,这样问题就迎刃而解了。
第一梯度可设置这样一些问题:
1.什么是"闭关主义"?
2.什么是"送去主义"?作者依次摆了哪些事情来说明的?
3.如何理解这两句话:a但终"不知后事如何";b也可以算显得的一点进步了。
第二梯度可设置这样一些问题:
1."闭关主义"和"送去主义"的实质是什么?有何区别和联系?
2.作者是怎样批驳"送去主义"的?
3."抛来""抛给""送来""拿来"的含义各是什么?
第三梯度:可设置这样两个问题:
1.作者为什么批驳"送去主义"?有几点原因?
2.作者对" 送来"的态度如何?为什么?
至此第一步的第3题的答案就圆满了。
设置三个梯度习题的根据,主要是针对学情,因材施教。第一梯度适合全体学生、第二梯度适合多数学生我们时刻要以课本为蓝本,重在培养素质,以上习题主要训练学生的分析能力和综合能力。
第三步:课堂训练、巩固成果〔出示微机图片(一)〕
(说明:如此设计训练题的原因在第二课时中,我将详细阐述,这里不赘述)
教学内容包括:分析8-10自然段,学习并掌握比喻论证的写作方法。
比喻论证是本文最突出的写作特点,也是议论文中最常见的论证方法,是本课时重点中的重点。对此重点的突破,我主要把握这样一个原则:以教师为主导,学生为主体,训练为主线。采用讨论和训练相结合的方法,通过本课学习,使学生初步掌握比喻论证的写作方法,交逐步培养其思维能力和应用能力。
第一步:先搭知识台阶,由教者交待什么是比喻论证。在此主要体现教师为旨的原则。
第二步:分析8~9自然段,讨论这一部分论证方法
在此主要体现学生为主体,训练为主线的原则。第八、九自然段可分别各设置这样两个问题:
1.对待文化遗产有哪几种态度、行为,作者是如何评价的?采用什么论证方法;
2."大宅子""孱头""昏蛋""废物"各比喻什么?
3对整个文化遗产是否一概而论,分为几类?分别如何对待?用书上话回答
4."鱼翅""""烟灯和烟枪"" 姨太太"各比喻文化遗产中的哪一部分?
问题设置原因:第1题是基础,从而进行知识迁移形成能力,而且为第2题搭台阶,逐层深入,再采用设问、类比启发并辅之以讨论的方法,培养学生的分析能力和思维能力。
第三步:明确比喻论证与比喻句、比喻论证与类比论证的区别,加深对比喻论证的理解。
问题1.第三自然段主要采用了什么论证方法?
2.判断下面这段话是否采用了比喻论证的方法:"在这种态度下就是割断历史,只懂得中国,对于中国昨天和前天的面目漆黑一团".
让学生讨论和回答,使其在分析对比中加深对比喻论证的理解,逐步培养他们的辨析能力。
第四步:根据技能形成的规律,为了巩固新知识,运用新知识设置了不同层次的训练题。
教学过程是一个复杂的问题,教学过程中对学生的训练也应是多层次、多结构的。训练不仅仅体现在课堂上的巩固练习,而应是贯穿在教学过程的各个环节上。教师连贯、准确、富有逻辑论证性的讲述本身就使学生受到科学思维方法的训练,教师精心设计的思考题、讨论题都是对学生思维能力的训练,当然最重要的是对学生课堂上知识进行形成性训练,及时巩固教学成果。根据本课时的教学目标和学生的知识基础以及因材施教的原则,我设计了三个梯度的训练题。〔出示微机图片(二)〕
第一梯度:设计基本的简单的题目。第一道题目面全体学生特别是程度稍差的学生,通过训练1使学生进一步理解课文内容;训练2使学生进一步理解掌握比喻论证方法。这是知识的内化、熟化过程。
第二梯度:设计辨析型题目。第二道题目面向大多数学生,通过训练1使学生深入理解论点和论据的关系,训练2使学生知识转化为技能,培养辨析能力。这是知识同化过程。
第三梯度:设计思考性、创造性题目。第三道题目有一定难度,面向程度较高同学,同时使其他人得到启迪。通过训练1进一步完成知识迁移、培养程度较高同学的应用能力,训练2进一步培养其他同学的辨析能力和表达能力,训练3在讨论中培养学生学习的求知欲和创造性。这是知识的强化、优化过程。
第五步:回到课本中,学生讨论分析学习本文的现实意义,训练学生运用课本知识解决实际问题的能力。
第六步:根据学生实际情况,布置课外训练题
我校是首批办好的重点校,现在招收的学生,学习程度差异较大,根据因材施教的原则,布置分层次作业。
用比喻论证的方法按下列观点,写出论证提纲。
第一层次:在上述观点中可选其一。
第二层次:今天我们一方面要推行改革开放的政策,步子迈大一些,另一方面,又要抵制资产阶级腐朽思想的腐蚀。
在上述教学中,没有改变常规教学的各个环节,但由于教学过程设计符合学生的认识规律,坚持循序渐进的原则,充分发挥主导和主体的积极性,又以训练为主线,同样可以收到较好的教学效果。
如果以"思想上应该装上‘窗纱’"为题,下面哪些论据采用了较适合的比喻论证方式——
a.江河横流,泥沙俱下,鱼龙混杂
b.生活中的窗纱是为了防止苍蝇、蚊子、灰尘…
c.一切人都有爱美之心,西装革履、烫发口红,是时代的美
d.近朱者赤,近墨者黑
三、根据所给观点,运用比喻论证的方法进行论证,请同学们口述其论据,其他同学给以评析。
例如:
观点——做事要有恒心,不间断,才能成功。
论据——(1)滴水穿石 (2)铁杵磨成针
观点:1.客观环境往往对人有很大影响
2.要掌握真本领必须勤学苦练
3.做事缺少必要的基础条件就不能成功
4.学生往往越过老师,后人往往越过前人
中学语文说课稿社戏篇二
������î»ï¿½ï¿½î¯ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òºã¡ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡·ï¿½ï¿½
����
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ �ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������������塷��â³ñ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î³ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â³ñ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¨ò»ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½
���������� ��ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê¼°è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������â¿î±ï¿½"öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìºí·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½èºí¼ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½"��ä¿ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ï±ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½
����1�� ����"��������"�ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬
����2�� ����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� �������äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½
����4�� ���â³ñ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ú¶ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â³ñ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£
����5�� �������⣬ì½ï¿½ï¿½"��������"�úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£
���������� ��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½
����1�� �����������æºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½
����2�� ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ ����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½
��������â³ñ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½è·êµï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦òªò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½îµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½
���������� ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������â¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������1���ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õµï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������2��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ô¤ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½
�������⣬îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ã½ï¿½å¸¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½
����
��������������ä¶ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµä½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¹ûµï¿½í²ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü´ó²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ç¶ï¿½è¥ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½í½ó½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ï¿½ï¿½ßµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ç¡£
����"���취"��ñ§
����
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â²ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1~7��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¼ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½
����������ì¸ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿îµä£ï¿½"��è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦",����êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë·¢õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ê²ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½èµï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½èºí·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½â³ñ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 30����í¼ì³ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½å²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡£
������������òªì¸ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½øµã¼´ï¿½ñµï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õµï¿½ï¿½üµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ì¨ï¿½×£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½â·ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ê³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¼ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ã³ï¿½ã¿ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ð°¸£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��"���ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½
�������⣺1.����"��������"��������ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½
����2.��7��è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"����"ò»ï¿½ê±ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"ô��"����ê²ã´ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´êµï¿½ï¿½"��������"?
������1����������è«ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬×¥×¡òªï¿½ã£¬í¬ê±îªï¿½ï¿½2ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµæ£»ï¿½ï¿½2���������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ë¾íºï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ì¨ï¿½×¡ï¿½
�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¶è£ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ý¶èµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼´îªò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶èµï¿½ì¨ï¿½×£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ã³ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð°¸¾íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ì¨ï¿½×£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó�ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ý¶è¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£º
����1.ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½"�õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"?
����2.ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½"��è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"?�������î°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½
����3.������������仰��a����"��öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½";bò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµãµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½
�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ý¶è¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£º
����1."�õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��"��è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½
����2.��������������"��è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�ä£ï¿½
����3."����""�׸�""����""����"�äºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½
���������ý¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£º
����1.����îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"?�ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô��
����2.���߶�" ����"��ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½
�������ëµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½3��ä´ð°¸¾ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½
�������������ý¶ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê©ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ý¶ï¿½ï¿½êºï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ý¶ï¿½ï¿½êºï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ô¿î±ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªñµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������������ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾î¢ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô���úµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²»×¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½8-10��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ö¤ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ô���ô½ï¿½ê¦îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ñµï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½öªê¶ì¨ï¿½×£ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ï¿½ß½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ê¦îªö¼ï¿½ï¿½ô��
�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½8~9��è»ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ú´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ñµï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ô�ò¡£µú°ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î¿é·ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£º
����1.�ô´ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½å²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2."��õ¬ï¿½ï¿½""��í·""�走""����"������ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½
����3�������ä»ï¿½ï¿½å²ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ò»ï¿½å¶ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à£¿ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï»ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½
����4."���""""ï¿½ìµæºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹"" ��ì«ì«"�������ä»ï¿½ï¿½å²ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½
������������ô�ò£ºµï¿½1���ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ç¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½2���ì¨ï¿½×£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ù²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������������è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¬¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
��������1.������è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2.�ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"������ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¾ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê·ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½".
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºí»ø´ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³éµä¹ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½îªï¿½ë¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ò²ó¦ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹¹ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ç¹á´©ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡¢×¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ôµä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶¼ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê©ï¿½ìµï¿½ô��������������ý¶èµï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾î¢ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ý¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï¿½ç³ì¶ï¿½ï¿½ô²ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½1ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½2ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½
�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ý¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½1ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¾ýµä¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½2ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶×ªï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½
���������ý¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¶è½ï¸ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½1��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ç¨ï¿½æ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¶è½ï¸ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½2��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½3������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½
�������岽���øµï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ñµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿î±ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ì¶è²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï´ó£¬¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê©ï¿½ìµï¿½ô�ò£¬²ï¿½ï¿½ã·ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½
�����ã±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ûµã£¬ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ù¡ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµï¿½ï¿½ð¿ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½
�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ä¸ï¿ªï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ï¿½ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ê´ï¿½ï¿½
������������ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð¸ä±ä³£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ�ò½¥½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô�ò£¬³ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õµï¿½ï¿½ïºãµä½ï¿½ñ§ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������"ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½×°ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é´ï¿½ï¿½"îªï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½û¾ý²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½êºïµä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����a.���óºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����b.�����ðµä´ï¿½é´ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ë·ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½ó¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����c.ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ì·ï¿½ï¿½úºì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����d.�����߳࣬��ä«ï¿½ßºï¿½
�����������������ûµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¾ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������磺
�����ûµã¡ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ðºï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����û¾ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1����ë®ï¿½ï¿½ê¯ ��2������ä¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ûµã£º1.�í¹û»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºü´ï¿½ó°ï¿½ï¿½
����2.òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ±¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3.����è±ï¿½ù±ï¿½òªï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í²ï¿½ï¿½ü³é¹ï¿½
����4.ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½
中学语文说课稿社戏篇三
回忆:赶海在作者心目中是一件怎样的事?引导学生带着迫切的心情去海边赶海。通过描写浪花的句子去品读“追浪花”的场景,快读全文,找出具体写赶海趣事的自然段。
1、仔细读第三,找出赶海的有趣场景,分别加上小标题,理清脉络。
2、自由读第三,思考,哪个场景最有趣?从那些地方看出这个场景的有趣?让学生自己发现问题,培养他们自渎感悟能力。
3、导读重点场景,捉螃蟹部分先让学生试读,通句子比较。从“摸呀摸呀”,“嘿…!中体会到抓小蟹给我带来的乐趣。抓住两个“原来”帮助学生在头脑中形成幼感画面。通过第一个“原来”使学生体会到小伙伴“只努努嘴儿不作声”的专注神情与“螃蟹不甘束手就擒,“东逃西窜”的鲜明对照,通过第二个“原来”使学生体会到螃蟹作最后挣扎令人忽俊不禁的情形导读“捏大虾”时学生品味比喻句的精当,通过朗读想象大虾大摇大摆神气十足的样子,让学生边读边体会我“只一捏”便俘虏了“武将”的那种得胜时的喜悦心情。
4、自读感悟这两个场景的“趣”。
5、多媒体出示赶海画面,学生想象赶海还有那些趣事,引出文中“有的……有的……”句式。
6、学生自由读4、5节。结合前文,插图,理解“满载而归”和“战利品”的意思。
师述。把学生带入情境:“我”提着“战利品”,迎着柔和的海风,沐浴着夕阳的余挥,踩着软绵绵的沙滩走在回家的路上,感到舒服极了,不由得哼起了最爱唱的歌。
文中用了“嘿、哩、咦、哦”等语气:“战利品、武将”借代词,“束手就情、东逃西窜、满载而归”成语。这些词语的恰当运使用使文章生动形象。尽管全文场景描写没出现一个“趣”字。但我们读后却充分感受到其中的“乐趣”,让我们学习这种写法,写一写自己玩得最开心的一次活动。
中学语文说课稿社戏篇四
�������䣺�ïºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¸ïºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ë»ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×·ï¿½ë»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ïºï¿½è¤ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î¡ï¿½
����1����ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ïºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡£
����2�����é¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,�����������â¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�������øµã³¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±è½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ñ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½×¥ð¡ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½×¸ð»ï¿½ï¿½æ¡£í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô����ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½é¡°ö»å¬å¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¨×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡°ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¾ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô����ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ð·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïºï¿½ï¿½ê±ñ§ï¿½ï¿½æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïºï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ö»ò»ï¿½ó¡±±ï¿½ï¿½â²ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ä½«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ê¤ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
����4���ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����5����ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ïºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©è¤ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½
����6��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¶ï¿½4��5�ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½é¡±ï¿½í¡ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó����íµäºï¿½ï¿½ç£¬ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ø¼òµï¿½â·ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµãºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î°®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸è¡£
�����������ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ù¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½å¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¾ï¿½ï¿½é¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½é¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡£ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡£¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ò»ð´ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¿ªï¿½äµï¿½ò»ï¿½î»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½
中学语文说课稿社戏篇五
尊敬的评委老师,上午好。我是7号考生,我今天说课的题目是《罗布泊,消逝的仙湖》。下面,我将从说教材、说教法、说学法、说教学过程、说板书设计五个方面来进行我今天的说课。
首先,我们来说一说教材。
第一,教材的地位和作用。《罗布泊,消逝的仙湖》这篇课文选自人教版初中语文八年级下册的第三单元,本单元所学习的几篇课文都是以人和自然的关系为主题。《罗布泊,消逝的仙湖》这篇课文是一篇报告文学,主要通过写罗布泊过去的物种繁盛、现在的荒漠无垠,从而警示人们要意识到保护自然环境的重要性。虽然这篇课文是一篇自读课文,但是它在整个单元中具有举足轻重的地位,对于学生学习说明性的文章具有示范性。学习本篇课文,能够提高学生分析、探究问题的能力,能够使学生形成保护环境的意识,为他们的学习和生活打下一个良好的基础。(说教材的地位和作用)
根据教材的地位和作用,我将确立以下教学目标。知识与能力目标:通过预习和自主阅读,掌握并积累文中"干涸、吞噬"等重要的词语,同时,通过合作、探究的方式,理解文中相关重要语句的含义。过程与方法目标:能够结合资料和课文注释,自主阅读课文,了解文章的主旨。情感态度价值观目标:通过学习,能够树立起保护环境的意识,并能够从身边的点滴小事做起,保护我们的生态环境。以上教学目标的设计,我坚持依据新课改的相关理念,坚持做到以教师为主导,学生为主体,充分发挥学生的主体性作用。(说教学目标)
说完了教学目标,下面我来说一说教学的重难点。教学重点我确定为让学生树立起保护环境的意识,并能够从身边的点滴小事做起;教学难点我设置为理解文中相关重要语句的含义。教学重难点的设置是依据教材自身的特点来进行的。我们知道,这是一篇报告文学,想让人们树立起保护环境的忧患意识。因此,作者在文章中使用了许多生动形象的表现手法,这些手法的运用使得文章当中的一些句子变得不容易理解。除此之外,我还依据学生的学情来设置教学重难点。我们知道八年级的学生虽然已经经过了一年半的初中学习,但是他们的行为习惯还不够彻底,生活中尚且存在一些破坏环境的行为。因此,我将以上两点确定为本篇课文的重难点。(说教学重难点)
说完了教材,我将说一说教法。新课程标准指出,阅读过程是学生精心读书,获得个性体验和独特感受的过程,是教师不断引导学生实现自我构建,学会阅读,促进表达的过程。美国教育家杜威说过:"教育不是一种告知与被告知的事情,而是一个学生主动性建设的过程。为此,我主要采用了以下教法。首先就是提问法,教师针对本文的内容预设一些问题对学生进行提问,创设问题情境,实施启发式教学,这样能够激发学生的学习动机。同时,我还将采用点拨创新教学法,点要害,拨疑团,培养学生创造性思维的能力。另外,我还将采用多媒体教学法。多媒体的使用能够直观地呈现教学内容,将学生的注意力从课下转移到课堂上来,这是符合心理学的注意规律的。初二的学生,已经初步具备了阅读课文的能力,在阅读的过程中,我放手让学生去自主感知教材,主要运用了以下学法:首先是预习法。在上课之前,教师布置学生预习课文的背景知识,预习生字词,预习熟读课文,这样可以培养学生自主学习的能力,这是符合新课改的理念的。同时,我还将让学生采用讨论法来学习。我们知道,教师不是权威,而是平等中的首席。因此,针对疑难问题,教师不能满堂灌,应当组织学生进行合作讨论,实施发现学习,在学生的思维中激荡起头脑风暴,锻炼学生的发散性思维。(说教法和学法)
为了让教法和学法充分运用,实现教学目标,突出重点,突破难点,教学过程我将从以下五个方面来进行。第一步,导入新课。著名教育家于漪老师曾经说过:"好的导语就像一记重锤敲打在学生的心上,激起学生心灵的火花。"因此,我将导语设计如下:"同学们,大家在大屏幕上所看到的图片其实是同一个地方,这里过去时物种繁盛,水草丰茂的,而今天却是一望无垠的荒漠,这个地方就是罗布泊。为什么会有如此大的变化呢?我们今天就来学习这篇《罗布泊,消逝的仙湖》,来探究其中的原因。"这样的一个导语设计能够将学生的注意力迅速从课下转移到课堂上来,用直观的图片来激发起学生学习的兴趣。(导入新课)
导入新课之后的第二步,教师应当带领学生对文章进行整体感知。新课程标准一再强调,语文教学应重视朗读,培养语感,从整体上理解把握文章大意。因此教学时,教师应当注重朗读和整体感知。具体可以这样做:先让学生自由地放声散读,划出自己喜爱的语句;再请学生谈读后的整体感受;然后请学生进行表演朗读,师生共同评价;最后全班齐声朗读。(整体感知)
新课程理念指出,阅读是教师、学生和文本之间的对话过程,是学生的个性化行为,应让学生在主动积极的思维和情感活动中,加深对文章的理解和体验。因此,在朗读感知的基础上,教师应当引导学生进行重点研讨。在这一部分内容中,我没有眉毛胡子一把抓,而是让学生进行质疑,教师相机点拨和引导。同时,为了落实课堂教学,防止重点内容滑过,我还预设了以下问题作为课堂生成的问题的一种辅助。因此,我预设了这样的几个问题①"‘四盲’像个巨大的吸水鬼,将塔里木河抽干了……"这句话用了什么修辞手法?这样写有什么好处?这个问题相对比较简单,因此我会请一些平时语文学习不是特别优秀的学生来回答,这样,可以让他们获得成功的喜悦感,从而为以后的学习打下一个良好的心理基础,真正做到关注全体学生。②"大地在这里已脱尽了外衣,露出自己的肌肤筋骨……"一句话中"肋骨"和"肌肤筋骨"分别指什么?这个问题具有一定的难度,因此我让学生合作讨论,同时,教师也不应当闲着,而是走进学生中间,相机辅导,实现学生与学生、教师与学生之间的多向交流。(重点研讨)
落实了重点以后,接下来我将说一说难点探究。在这一部分内容中,我设置了这样的问题:造成罗布泊消逝的直接原因和根本原因分别是什么?在日常生活中我们应该怎样看待一些破坏环境的行为?我们自己应该怎样做。通过教师和学生之间的交流探究,我们知道,罗布泊消逝的直接原因是"四盲的破坏",而根本原因是环保意识的缺失。在此基础上,教师引导学生进行辩论赛式的讨论,归纳总结日常生活中的一些破坏环境的行为并作出评价。这样便真正做到了以学生为主体,让全体学生都参与到课堂中来。同时,这样也立足于学生现实的生活经验,着眼于学生的发展需求。(难点探究)
最后,教师对整堂课进行课堂小结。为了锻炼学生总结概括的能力,教师可以让学生先对这堂课所学习的内容进行总结,教师再进行点评、补充和反馈,鼓励学生良好的表现,希望学生继续保持。因为我们知道,根据教育学心理学的相关原理,及时反馈和适时表扬能够提升学生的自信,激发他们进一步学习的兴趣,有助于学习效率的提高。(课堂小结)
课堂小结之后,布置作业就非常必要了。作为课堂教学的拓展和延伸,我将让学生针对现在的一些破坏环境的行为提出解决的策略,写成500字的小短文,从而培养学生分析问题,解决问题的能力,同时这也是符合教育学的巩固性原则的。(布置作业)
俗话说,好的板书就是一份微型的教学设计,本着简明扼要、清晰直观的原则,我对板书作了如此设计。
好,以上便是我的全部说课,欢迎各位老师批评指正,谢谢!
中学语文说课稿社戏篇六
�����𾴵���î¯ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½7�å¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½þ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½éºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ì²ä¡ï¿½ëµï¿½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½î¡ï¿½
�������è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ì²ä¡ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²äµäµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½éºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä°ï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½â²ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä¼ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ïµîªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½éºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªí¨ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½þ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ê¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµä»ï¿½ä®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬´ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµäµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³é±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ì²äµäµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½
�������ý½ì²äµäµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê¡£öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£ºí¨ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�éºô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"����òªï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½å¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë·½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£ºï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïºí¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½è¼ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£ºí¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±£»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµäµï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¬±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ò¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î¸äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ê¦îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£©
����ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±£»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµäµï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£»½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½å¡£ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±£»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ã²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï°ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã¡£ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã£©
����ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ã¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ø¸ï¿½ï¿½üµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��������ò»ï¿½ö¸ï¿½öªï¿½ë±»ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½îªï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½êµê©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµã²¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ö±ï¿½ûµø³ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ò·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ì²ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿ï¿½ö®ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ê£ï¿½ô¤ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î¸äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¹à£¬ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½êµê©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ô·ç±©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½é¢ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½êµï¿½ö½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£¬í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�ãµäµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ð»¨¡ï¿½"��ë£ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½"í¬ñ§ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½í¬ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ê¢ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ý·ï¿½ã¯ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ä®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë´ï¿½ä±ä»¯ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ï¿½éºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ô��"������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¸ï¿½ù´ó¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ªï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ûµï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î£ï¿½
���������â¿ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½äµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ò»ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â´ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ñ§ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ó¦ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµø·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½
�����â¿î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»î¶¯ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ã¼ã«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½×¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ô¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"����ã¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ó³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��仰����ê²ã´ï¿½þ´ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±è½ï¼òµ¥£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©æ½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ã³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ã¸ð£ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½îªï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢è«ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"������������ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"ò»ï¿½ä»°ï¿½ï¿½"�߹�"��"�������"�ö±ï¿½ö¸ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ò²ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½
������êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ôºó£¬½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ñµï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ô��í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô��ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ô����"��ã¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ»ï¿½",������ô���ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½è±ê§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ë»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¾ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡££ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������󣬽�ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿î½ï¿½ï¿½ð¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½á¡£îªï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ù½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä±ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô������ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ð§ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½á£©
��������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ó£¬²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½í·ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½500�öµï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô��ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½
�����׻�ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½î¢ï¿½íµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ûµï¿½ô���ò¶ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡ï¿½
�����ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó��î»ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ð»ï¿½ï¿½
中学语文说课稿社戏篇七
尊敬的评委老师:
大家好!我今天说课的题目是贾祖璋《南州六月荔枝丹》的第一教时,下面我从七个方面说这堂课的设计:
一、说教材
1、教材简析
《南州六月荔枝丹》是人教版中职规划教材语文(基础版)第一册第三单元首篇讲读课文,本单元是说明文单元。本单元的学习重点是在初中教学的基础上,让学生进一步了解如何抓住特征说明事物,使学生体会到只有抓住特征,才能有可能将事物说明白。那么《南州六月荔枝丹》作为说明文单元的起始课,它除了具有一般说明文的特点外,还带有浓厚的文学色彩,因此它是一篇介绍科学常识的文艺性说明文,在整本教材中的地位和作用就不言而喻,它对后面的说明文教学有着领启、示范作用。
2、教学重点:
根据本单元的特点和本文自身的特点,我将第一教时的教学重点定为以下两点:
①通过认真阅读,概括文章的内容要点。
②理清本文说明顺序和结构。
本文属科学小品,文章通俗易懂,富有情趣,讲析时不要面面俱到,要以学生的实际和大纲要求出发,有取有舍,突出重点。
3、教学难点:
根据课文的特点和学生掌握知识的能力水平,确立本教时的难点是:
理清本文说明顺序和结构。(也是教学重点②)
本文善于从不同角度、()不同侧面对荔枝的特征作具体的说明,内容较多,通过理清顺序和结构可以调动学生的思维,明确本文的学习思路。
4、教学目标:
根据单元教学的要求和编写教材的意图,和本文的特点,确定以下教学目标:
(1)知识目标:
a了解文中介绍有关荔枝的科学知识。
b学习从不同角度,不同侧面抓住特征说明事物的写法。
c掌握课文先主后次,由表及里的说明顺序。
(2)能力目标
① 训练学生观察能力,养成良好习惯。
②逐步培养学生独立自主阅读说明文能力和口头表达能力。
(3)德育目标
了解作者仔细地科学研究的精神,培养学生热爱科学、热爱专业的感情。
二、说学情
我认为制约职专一年级学生学习本文的两点不利因素是:
①客观因素:学生普遍反映不喜欢上说明文课,认为说明文是一种枯燥无味的文体。
②主观因素:"荔枝"对闽南地区的学生来说,已经太不新鲜了。三、说教法
为了完成教学目标,更好的调动学生主动参与学习说明文的积极性,突出重点、突破难点,解决疑点,根据素质教育和创新教育的精神,再结合本文的实际特点,确定本节课教法的指导思想是:想方设法引起学生注意,引导他们积极思维,热情参与独立自主地解决问题。
(一)教法的选择
1、自主与合作探究法:自主与合作学习正是"不教而教",它使得学习过程由制导向自主和自由学习拓展,从而培养了学生的综合能力和创新能力。
本文语言浅显易懂,生动有趣,有利于教师引导学生自主学习,提出问题,探究问题,激发学生独立思考和创新意识,充分发挥学生的作用,同时还培养学生之间的团结协作精神。
2、点拨法:根据教学重、难点教师设计一些问题情境,让学生思考,回答,后教师点拨,让学生高质量地完成教学目标。可以说点拨法,是开启学生智慧火花,提高学习效率最佳方法。
3、直观教学法——主要利用多媒体现代教学手段
《南州六月荔枝丹》有丰富的科学知识,利用多媒体教学手段,能够拓宽课本知识体系,开阔学生的视野。
(二)选择以上几种教法的依据
1、依据现代教育学理论:根据素质教育"坚持以学生为中心"的教学原则,打破教师以教为中心,单向灌输的陈旧模式,在课堂教学中,尽可能发挥学生学习的能动性和主动性,培养学生独立思考的能力。以上几种方法,充分调动了学生的主观能动性,培养了学生独立思考、分析问题的能力,有助于学生读写听说能力的提高。
2、依据教材自身的特点:本文是篇浅显易懂,生动有趣,富有诗意的科学小品,又是说明文单元的首篇,利用直观教学法使学生享受说明文教学带来的乐趣,达到认知水平提高与情操品德教育双重目的。
3、依据学生自身的心理特点:这一年段的学生思维活跃,渴望被人尊重和信任,因此教师在教学中尽可能从人格平等的基本观念出发创设宽松的民主氛围,把学生摆在主动探求者的位置上,调动学生学习的积极性,培养他们提高学习语文的能力,所以自主与合作讨究法是新世纪语文教学的必然选择。
三、说学法
学法指导:
教学是师生双边活动,在课堂教学不仅是传授技能的过程,也是教会学生学习的过程,使学生"学会"到"会了".现代教学论提出要转变教学观念,其中很重要的一条是强调学生自主的主体意识。在职专语文教学过程中就要始终体现培养学生自我学习的能力,遵循"教师为主导,学生为主体,训练为主线"的教学思路进行学法指导。
1、观察法或课外阅读法:课前布置学生认真观察荔枝或时令水果的构造或者查阅有关荔枝资料的书籍。
2、朗读体悟法:本文引用大量诗文、资料,通过反复朗读,仔细品味本文富有诗意的语言风格,在情感得到满足和愉快后能更加深刻获得知识。
3、练习法:结合本文课后练习题一、二、三让学生自主学习本节课重难点,顺利地完成教学目标。
四、说课堂教学程序
素质教育提倡教学体现学生的主体,强调"以生为本",一切教学的设计与实施,都应首先考虑学生的实际情况充分发掘学生学习说明文的潜力,提高学生学习说明文的效率。因此,以开放的思维,以现代的教育模式学习本文,将对说明文的学习产生良好的导向作用,根据单元教学要求和新课标理念及职专生的感知水平,我确立以下教学程序:
1、课前预习,扫清障碍
①准备工具书,自查生字词,培养学生独立使用工具书的能力。
②参照书上"阅读提示",自读课文,对课文有初步的了解。
2、导入新课,激起兴趣(10分钟)
①导语:你们对荔枝真的很了解吗?你们知道吃进肚子里面并非是荔枝的果肉,而是种子外面的一层膜吗?
②明确文体:
科学小品:是一种以灵活的形式通俗简短地介绍科学知识的说明文。
特点:科学性、文艺性
③多媒体展示有关荔枝生态知识(为学习知识目标打好基础)
④作者简介(完成德育目标)
⑤处理生字词(巩固基础知识)
(这样安排可以激发学生学习说明文的兴趣为自主合作探究学习做好铺垫。)
3、提出问题,朗读课文(17分钟)
思考:①标题给我们提供了荔枝的几点信息?有何创意?(完成课后习题一)
②作者笔下的荔枝与白居易《荔枝图序》的荔枝异同点?(完成知识目标a、b和德育目标)。
③概括文章内容,完成课后习题三(突出教学重点①)
(朗读课文品味科学小品语言为第二教时分析比较平实性说明文与科学小品做铺垫。提出问题以小组形式讨论、探究激发学习兴趣。)
4、自主学习,理清结构(突出重点②,突破难点)(15分钟)
师质疑:练习册上的辅导要点和课后习题三对本文的结构划分是否正确(如把荔枝的花归为荔枝的果实内部)?
让学生独立理清说明顺序、结构,并画出本文结构图,然后找不同程度的几个同学讲自己的分析结果,其余的同学则认真听并结合自己的理解做出选择!根据学生的讨论和阐述,老师点拨并给予明确的答案,但不是标准答案,因为本没有标准答案。
(充分启发学生的积极思考,敢于质疑和发表不同意见,课堂气氛活跃,培养学生独立思考的能力和口头表达能力完成教学目标。)
5、总结本节课(3分钟)
本文是一篇生动的说明文,介绍荔枝是按照从主到次,由表及里的顺序来写的,主要介绍荔枝果实的形态特征,次要介绍荔枝其他知识,如生产情况。
总之本课教学程序的设立,充分发挥学生主体作用,进行自主学习,有利养成学生的自主能力和自学习惯的形成,同时培养学生的团队协作精神,拓充知识,更好学习锻炼归纳表达能力。
六、说练习设计
根据单元要求和学生实际情况,我要求学生抓住特征,用文艺性笔调写一篇自己熟悉的某种植物或动物说明文;并请个别同学在上《我国古代的几种建筑》时进行口头交流。
练习设计,提高学生写作能力和口头表达能力。
七、说板书设计
中学语文说课稿社戏篇八
�����𾴵���î¯ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½
������òºã£ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò´ï¿½ï¿½ß¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½
����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ì²ï¿½
����1���ì²ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������������ö¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö°ï¿½æ»®ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£©ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú³ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ö»ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¿ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§é«ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¿ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ðµäµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¾í²ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
����2����ñ§ï¿½øµã£º
�������ý±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½í±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµã¶¨îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£º
������í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ã¡£
���������屾��ëµï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½í½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½
������������ñ§ð¡æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµ½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½êºí´ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á£¬í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡£
����3����ñ§ï¿½ñµã£º
�������ý¿ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®æ½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½
�������屾��ëµï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½í½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ç½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµï¿½ú£ï¿½
�����������ú´ó²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ç¶è¡ï¿½()��í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý½ï¶à£¬í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½í½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ñ§ï°ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½
����4����ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£º
�������ýµï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½í±ï¿½ð´ï¿½ì²äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í±ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£º
������1��öªê¶ä¿ï¿½ê£º
����a�ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����bñ§ï°ï¿½ó²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ç¶è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����c���õ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½é±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½
������2������ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
������ ñµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½
������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������3������ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
�����ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ø¿ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½×¨òµï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
��������ëµñ§ï¿½ï¿½
��������îªï¿½ï¿½ô¼ö°×¨ò»ï¿½ê¼¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½
�����ù¿í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ±é·´ó³ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£
�������������ø£ï¿½"��ö¦"�����ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ì«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ì·ï¿½
����îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµäµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡¢í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù½ï¿½ï±ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ë·½ï¿½è·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½
����1�����������ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"���ì¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½",��ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������������ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å½ï¿½ð������
����2���㲦�������ý½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ð£¬ºï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ã²¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ã²¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»û»ð»¨£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3��ö±ï¿½û½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ö¶ï¿½
����������������ö¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð·á¸»ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ö¶î£ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ø¿ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½
����������ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¼ï¿½ï¿½ö½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1�������ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�ä½ï¿½ñ§ô�ò£¬´ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ô½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³â¾ï¿½ä£ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¶ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¼ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¶ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½
����2�����ý½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ñ§ð¡æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½û½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½öªë®æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½â½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë«ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
����3������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü´ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ï¿½æ½ï¿½èµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä±ï¿½è»ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½
��������ëµñ§ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ë«ï¿½ß»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ú¼ï¿½ï¿½üµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ò²ï¿½ç½ì»ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½"ñ§ï¿½ï¿½"��"����".�ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òª×ªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö°×¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½òªê¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ"��ê¦îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ñµï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�ä½ï¿½ñ§ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1���û²ì·¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½é¼®ï¿½ï¿½
����2���ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò·¨£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì»ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����3����ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï±ï¿½ï¿½ä¿îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã£¬ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê¡£
�����ä¡ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á³«ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£¬ç¿ï¿½ï¿½"����îªï¿½ï¿½",ò»ï¿½ð½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµê©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ð§ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ô¿ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ê½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµäµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ñ§òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¼°ö°×¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½öªë®æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1����ç°ô¤ï°ï¿½ï¿½é¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½
������׼�������飬�ô²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ã¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ú²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"�ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾",�ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ô¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½â¡£
����2�������â¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½10���ó£ï¿½
�����ùµï¿½ï¿½ï£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ²¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ä¤ï¿½ï¿½
��������è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£º
������ñ§ð¡æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½í¨ï¿½×¼ï¿½ìµø½ï¿½ï¿½ü¿ï¿½ñ§öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����û¶ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ê¾ï¿½ð¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½ì¬öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½îªñ§ï°öªê¶ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������߼�飨��éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£©
�����ý´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½
�������������å¿ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµæ¡£ï¿½ï¿½
����3��������⣬�ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½17���ó£ï¿½
����ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºî´ï¿½ï¿½â£¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¿îºï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½
���������߱��âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½×¾ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦í¼ï¿½ò¡·µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ã£¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ä¿ï¿½ï¿½a��b�íµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£©ï¿½ï¿½
�����û¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¿îºï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµï¿½ù£ï¿½
�������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ð¡æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è½ï¿½æ½êµï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ð¡æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµæ¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����4������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ú£ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµã£©ï¿½ï¿½15���ó£ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½í¿îºï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½äµä½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ä¹ï¿½êµï¿½ú²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ò¡¢½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½á¹¹í¼ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ì¶èµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ñ£¡¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºí²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ã²¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ä´ð°¸£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ð°¸£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ð°¸¡ï¿½
�������������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éºí·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ»ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê¡£ï¿½ï¿½
����5���ü½á±¾ï¿½ú¿î£ï¿½3���ó£ï¿½
����������ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½õ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½é±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ßµï¿½ï¿½î³é£ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¶ï¿½ð�������ø³ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ëµï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������ýµï¿½ôªòªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±êµï¿½ð´ò»æªï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ï¿½ä³ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ò¹ï¿½ï¿½å´ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¿ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ï°ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ߡ�ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
中学语文说课稿社戏篇九
各位评委老师,大家上午好!我说课的课题是,人教版语文八年级下册第四单元第十九课《春酒》下面,我将从语文课程标准要求;教材和学情分析;教学方法和学法以及教学过程的设计四个方面进行说课
语文课程标准要求
语文课程标准指出,欣赏文学作品,能有自己的情感体验,领悟作品的内涵,从中获得对自然、社会、人生的有益启示品味作品中富于表现力的语言
八年级下册第四单元以民间文化为主题,所选的五篇课文绘声绘色地介绍了民风民俗和民间艺人轶事
《春酒》是本单元的第4篇课文,作者琦君用细腻的笔触描绘了故乡浓郁的风土人情,抒发了对童年、对故乡和对母亲真挚而深厚的怀念之情这是一篇诗化的散文,是对儿童圣洁的心灵,美好的生活情趣的讴歌与赞美本文属于略读课文,根据散文的特点和新课程标准的要求,我把授课课型定为以学生感悟为主的美文欣赏课
初二的学生对写人记事的散文有一定的阅读基础,但是对文章内容的把握和对主题理解的深度还有待教师进一步引导点拨
根据语文课程标准的基本理念和教材的特点,我设计了以下三个目标:
1.朗读课文,体会作者的思乡之情(重点)
2. 品味语言,体会细节描写的作用(难点)
3.激发爱生活,爱家乡,爱祖国的情感
根据本课的学习目标和文本特点,我采用以下教法和学法:
1.情景教学法充分利用多媒体课件等手段,创设情境,激发学生学习热情
2.朗读法通过有感情的朗读,用心品味,收到到与文本与作者交流的效果,感悟文章语言美、风俗美、人情美
3. 讨论点拔法:当学生讨论探究中遇到了阻碍,教师再适时点拨启发
学法指导:采用自主、合作、探究和圈点批注的的学习方法养成勤动笔墨,积极读书的习惯,充分培养学生学习的自主性
一、导入新课
在中华五千年的文明长河中,自古以来,酒文化就成为其中不可或缺的一支而不同的心境会品味出不同的滋味今天,我们就一起去品一品台湾作家琦君笔下的《春酒》(这个导入可以激发学生的学习兴趣,为下面的教学做铺垫)
二、整体感知课文
1.投影出示作者简介,检查学生预习的情况,通过投影"读一读,写一写"让学生给生字注音教师订正字词的读音、释义
2. 朗读课文。思考: ①本文记叙了作者童年的那几件事?表达了怎样的情感?
②课文题目是"春酒",作者怀念的仅仅是家乡的春酒吗?
学生思考,小组交流,教师引导明确:①本文记叙了作者儿时在故乡过新年、吃春酒、吃会酒的几件事,表达了作者对故乡的民风赞美、故乡亲友的怀念、对母亲的追思和对故乡的思念之情
(这个环节主要是通过朗读,整体把握文章内容,理清行文思路,初步体会作者的思想感情,初步完成目标1、2)
我们在整体感知课文,把握内容的基础上,对本文的细节进行研读赏析,这是本文的难点
三、研读赏析
请同学们朗读课文,找出你认为写得最有趣的细节描写,读一读,说说你喜欢的理由先在小组内与同学合作交流,再全班交流
请各组同学派代表将他们认为最好的语句赏析,先朗读再品析
老师就语气、语速、轻重等对学生进行朗读指导,对学生的分析做及时的评价点拨针对赏析语句进行学法指导:1语句特点、修辞手法2重点词语3句子的意思4 表达的感情
比如赏析:其实我没等她说完,早已偷偷把手指头伸在杯子里好几回,已经不知舔了多少个指甲缝的八宝酒了
"偷偷"表现"我"内心是非常想喝的,但又不能让母亲知道"好几回"是指多次,足以看出母亲的八宝酒对"我"充满了诱惑,也写出孩童的"我"的天真可爱、调皮活泼,表达了"我"对母亲的八宝酒很喜爱、怀念之情,充满童真童趣
表现母亲——能干好客 慷慨大方 乡亲——淳朴厚道、热情大方
通过对细节描写的品读赏析,可以引导学生深入解读培养学生分析的能力和表达能力,培养学生对语言的感悟能力和赏析能力,学会阅读欣赏
四、课堂小结:小结:通过刚才的品读,我们分明感受到作者怀念的,不仅仅是春酒的味道,更是浓浓的人情美和风俗美这些细致描写,透露出"我"的天真可爱、母亲的善良能干、乡人的淳朴厚道,喝春酒会酒的风俗,这样的春酒岂不醉人?这样的思乡之情岂不动人?
作者在几十年之后对家乡的过年时的生活细节记得那么清楚,描写得那么细致,其实是对故乡风土人情的怀念通过其中的甜蜜、情趣和浓厚的淳朴人情便跃然纸上。我们通过研读赏析。更深入地体会到了作者的思乡情深(这个环节使学生对本节课的学习有了系统、完整的印象)
五、拓展延伸
品味故乡情说一说你知道的家乡的风俗、情味,了解品味自己的家乡
(设置这个问题,既锻炼了学生的口语表达能力又可以引导学生了解自己的家乡风情,品味乡情,增强对生活的观察、体验,增强知识积累)
六、布置作业:1.课后积累表达思乡之情的诗句
2.把拓展延伸的题目整理成300字左右的小短文
(作业的设置,增强知识积累写作短文,引导学生关注生活,培养热爱家乡的情感)
我的说课到此结束,不当之处,敬请各位评委批评指正,谢谢!
过新年
喝春酒 风俗美、人情美——思乡之情
喝会酒
中学语文说课稿社戏篇十
������î»ï¿½ï¿½î¯ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½îµä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ë½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä°ï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ï¿½â²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ê®ï¿½å¿î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼òªï¿½ó£»½ì²äºï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½
�������ä¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼òªï¿½ï¿½
�������ä¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��
�������꼶�â²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������æ¡ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½äµï¿½4æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ä±ê´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ã·¢ï¿½ë¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ê¡¢ï¿½ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªê«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¢ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ô¶ï¿½í¯ê¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ú©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¢ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î¿ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½
����������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½é¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµä°ï¿½ï¿½õºí¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²¦
�����������ä¿î³ì±ï¿½×¼ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í½ì²äµï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ê£º
����1.�ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½é£¨ï¿½øµã£©
����2. æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ñµã£©
����3.��������������磬����������
�������ý±ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ñ§ï°ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1.�龰��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¶î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2.�ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3. ���ûµï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ã²¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½äµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿ï¿½
�������ð»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½í³ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½é»ï¿½è±ï¿½ï¿½ò»ö§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½è¥æ·ò»æ·ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµæ£©
�������������öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1.í¶ó°ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¼ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½í¶ó°"��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ò»ð´"��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´êµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2. �ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �ù±ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½
�����ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½"����",���߻���ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½é½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù±ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ï¿½ê±ï¿½ú¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡¢ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½æ¡ï¿½ï¿½ô»ï¿½æµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµä»ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½×µï¿½×·ë¼ï¿½í¶ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½
���������������òªï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½1��2��
���������������öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¸ï¿½ú½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½
���������ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½à½»ï¿½ï¿½
���������í¬ñ§ï¿½é´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµè¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµã²¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1����øµã¡¢ï¿½þ´ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½2�øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3���óµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼4 ����ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������������êµï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµíµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼ï¿½ï¿½ø£ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ù¸ï¿½ö¸ï¿½×·ï¿½ä°ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����"íµíµ"����"��"�����ç·ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½èµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½"�ã¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��ö¸ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½×µä°ë±ï¿½ï¿½æ¶ï¿½"��"�������õ»ï¿½ò²ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½"��"������é°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½"��"��ä¸ï¿½×µä°ë±ï¿½ï¿½æºï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½í¯è¤
��������ä¸ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸éºã¿ï¿½ ������ ���ס������óºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½á£ºð¡ï¿½á£ºí¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ²åµï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¨å¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½í¸â¶ï¿½ï¿½"��"������é°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½×µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¸é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµä´ï¿½ï¿½óºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½æ»ï¿½æµä·ï¿½ï¿½×£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ²»¶ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½
���������ú¼ï¿½ê®ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ú¼çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¸ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ç¶ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½å¨ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾è»ö½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îµï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµí³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½
�����塢��õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµò»ëµï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½æ·î¶ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������������⣬�è¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹û²ì¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ç¿öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½
��������������òµï¿½ï¿½1.�îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê«ï¿½ï¿½
����2.����õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½300�����òµï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½
�����òµï¿½ëµï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½î¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ð»ï¿½ï¿½
��
����������
�����è´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ ������������������ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½
�����è»ï¿½ï¿½
中学语文说课稿社戏篇十一
本文选自粤教版必修1第一单元,这是一篇自述文,作者王海桐当时的年龄、生活背景与高一学生相仿,文章内容不深,贴近学生实际;文章写法简洁,易于学生模仿。(基于此,我设置了这样的教法:)
我的教法为:“以读促写”,让学生通过深入阅读分析文本,引导学生自主学习、探究式学习。让学生自主品味语言,养成“寻章摘句”的习惯;让学生跨越时空与作者对话,产生心灵的共鸣。为写作积累语言,积淀思想。
1.分析文章结构,灵活运用于写作。(这也是教学难点)
2.品味语言,学会“寻章摘句”的方法。(这也是教学重点)
3.碰撞思想,把握情感。(这也是教学重点)
(一)设置
面对高一新生,第一阶段的课前三分钟主题是“自我介绍”,每天安排一位同学上台为大家作自我介绍,通过学生作自我介绍,引入作者王海桐在文中的自我介绍。
(二)教学环节
1.介绍作者,激发兴趣(ppt展示)
王海桐,1983 年 9 月 26 日生, 20xx 四川省理科高考状元,以 713 分考取了北京大学金融系。高中时期最爱看的书是《金锁记》《灌篮高手》《蔡志忠漫画》等。平时的爱好:读小说。最欣赏的一句话:一个人可以被毁灭,但不可以被打败。寄语高中生:好好学,好好考。
2.检查预习,落实基础 (ppt展示)
横(héng)行 呜咽(yè) 浑(hún)浑噩(è)噩 逡巡qūnxún 干瘪bi 丑陋(lòu) 拙劣(zhuōliè)挫cuò败 攥(zuàn)住 系(j)气球 懵(méng)懂 李煜(yù) 虞(yú)美人
3.分析结构,把握人物
(1)这篇文章在结构上有何写作特点?
明确:采用“导语+小标题”的形式,至于灵活将这种形运用于写作,这是本文的教学难点,我将它安排在作文课落实。
(2)分析“我”是什么样的人?(培养学生筛选整合信息的能力)
明确:
现实中的我:
①我是一个被奶奶歧视的女孩。在我出生的时候,我的奶奶拂袖而去;
②我的父亲因为我是女孩而在床上躺了两个星期;
③我没机会在奶奶面前证明自己,一直很遗憾;
④我不美丽,也不灵巧。
心目中的我:
我应该是个八尺男儿,即使不能金戈铁马,醉卧沙场,也应该玉树临风,谈笑间樯橹灰飞烟灭。
真实的我:
①是一个很有才华的女孩;
②是一个相信潜能,相信不同的态度能决定做事成功与否的人;
③是一个从小就受到父母严格教育的人;
④是一个尽情享受青春美丽的人,一个笑对生活,接受生活磨练和打击的人;
⑤是一个有着美丽而又羞涩梦想的女孩,是一个经历了高考的洗礼,考上了理想的学校。但是,对未来的不可知,感到迷惘的人。
4.寻章摘句,品味语言
谈一谈:文中有许多精美的语句,读完之后,也许你有“寻章摘句”的冲动,你会摘抄哪些精美的语句,谈谈摘抄的理由。(学生畅所欲言)
举例:
(1)语句:记忆的浅海里逡巡,想找出一些闪亮的贝壳让“高中生以及家长能从中得到什么更有价值的东西”,却带回满身的沙砾。
分析:这个句子运用了比喻的修辞手法,生动形象。把“记忆”比作“浅海”,把世人认为“有价值的东西”比作“闪亮的贝壳”,把自己对人生的“困惑和思考”比作“沙砾”,浪漫又生动,也可以看出作者有些谦虚,更有些任性和骄傲。
(2)语句:我应该是个八尺男儿,即使不能金戈铁马,醉卧沙场,也应该玉树临风,谈笑间墙橹灰飞烟灭。
分析:这句话里运用典故很成功。“金戈铁马”、“醉卧沙场”、“玉树临风”、“谈笑间樯橹灰飞烟灭”,几乎一句话一个典故,体现了作者文化积累的程度。(让学生背诵《念奴娇 赤壁怀古》《永遇乐京口北固亭怀古》)
(3)语句:自信,对于在沙漠中跋涉的我只不过是海市蜃楼,在我心底最柔软的角落小声而固执地呜咽着。
分析:运用了比喻和拟人的手法,形象生动地表达作者不确定但又很希望实现梦想的矛盾心情。
读一读:
让学生齐读同学们一起摘录的语句。
写一写:
仿照文中语句:“你选择了鱼肉的美味,也就选择了鱼刺的纠缠,天下没有只赚不赔的买卖。”另写一个句式特点相似的语句。
参考:你选择了玫瑰花的芳香,也就选择了玫瑰刺的创伤,天下没有两全其美的盛况。
5.碰撞思想,把握情感
话题:大家与作者当时的年龄与生活背景相仿,作者在文中流露出的思想感情或许能引起你的共鸣,请找出一两处谈谈你的感受。
当然,老师备课的时候也要防止学生无话可说的情况,老师可做适当的引导,比如说:文中有这样一个片段:
话题1:“我的童年并不是阳光灿烂的……”,作者回忆了童年时,父母对其的教育方式,如果这种教育方式用在你身上,你会接受吗?这样的教育方式好吗?请结合自身的经历谈谈你的感受。
分析:学生可以畅所欲言,谈谈他的童年教育,或者他期待的教育;让学生分析作者自己对这种教育方式的看法;老师还可以拓展当下热议的几种教育模式,比如:虎妈式、猫爸式、鹰爸式等,让学生各抒己见。
话题2:《我比想象的灵巧》中“一句无意的话让一个孩子傻傻地记了那么多年,自卑了那么多年。有些话对你早已云淡风轻,对我却刻骨铭心。”
分析:(可引导学生结合自身的经历谈谈自己的感受)有时别人不经意的一句话可能影响一个人的一辈子,所谓的“言者无心,听者有意”大概说的就是如此吧。歌星周华健《朋友》一曲中说:“一句话,一辈子”说的也是这个意思。作者从自身的经历得出这样的结论:“我们常常在别人的暗示与判定下肯定自我的价值。”“我相信某些话对人生的影响力。”从作者的经历,我们应该要学会理性地对待别人的“暗示与判定”,不能一味地活在他人的“暗示与判定”之中,要相信自己的潜能,相信态度决定一切;同时不要对他人枉加“判定”。
(一)作者的北大梦为什么既美丽又羞涩呢?
(二)在青春的校园里,你也可能与作者当年一样,正孕育着美丽的梦想,请以“我的梦想”为题写一篇不少于800字的文章。
中学语文说课稿社戏篇十二
����
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµëµï¿½ï¿½ò»æªé¢ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ð¡æ·ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ó½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½äºï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½íºï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ë¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ä·á¸»ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½ï¿½û¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à²»ê§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������������ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
���������ã±ï¿½ï¿½îµä½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��������í¬ï¿½íºï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;��ò²ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§òªï¿½ï¿½;2����è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í³ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ûµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;
����3����î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¡ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üºãµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñµï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½îµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµã¡£
������ñ§ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ç¶ôºï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½.��è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
�����������ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ðµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ì¬ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½é·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;
�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à»¥ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½äµã²¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ö´ï¿½í³ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
����
�������ë°ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½å£º1�����ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½
����2��í¶ó°ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½é¢ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¡ï¿½
����
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¿ï¿½
������ç°ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡·ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã¡±ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çºï¿½â«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ì²ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¸è¾©î¶ê®ï¿½ã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é²ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
������������è·ä¿ï¿½ê¡²ï¿½ô¡ï¿½
�����������������ߣ���ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
�������ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ �è¸ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½3����ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1������ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ç·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?
����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½í¬ñ§ëµëµï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»òª×¥×¡ï¿½ï¿½5����è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó�ð¶ï¿½ï¿½â¡£
����2��������í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½
������í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ã¶¼ï¿½ï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ã²¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëºï¿½í¬ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ö·ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ó¶¹¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(������)�����ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½
����3��������í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½?������ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?��êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´?
����ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2���ó£ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½üµä±ï¿½ï¿½ö¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(����)���ä°ï¿½ï¿½é¡°ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������éµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê±12���ó¡ï¿½
����4����è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½
�����õ²å½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á³«?ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø´ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»î¶ï¿½ñ¶¨¡ï¿½
�������������í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½úµä±ï¿½òª?������⣬���æ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ì£¬ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½æ£¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ó°õ¹ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½é¢ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ç¶ï¿½â³ñ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
�����ú´ë»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¥ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½í³ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?���義�硣�㽫���è¥ï¿½ï¿½?
��������ö®ï¿½ó£¬¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������éµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê±12���ó¡ï¿½
����5����î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«
�����������ôµä¾ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½8��12�îµï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å®í¬ñ§ö®ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½8��11��12�î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë�����ñ£¬¶ï¿½ï¿½ãºã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»òªï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½
����������éµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê±12���ó¡ï¿½
����6��ð¡ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½
����
�����������ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµã¡¢ï¿½ñµã£¬ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ò»ä¿ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½
中学语文说课稿社戏篇十三
��������ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1��ò»ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í©ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý²ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½;����ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½â¡ï¿½(���ú´ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)
�����òµä½ì·ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ï¿½õªï¿½ä¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½;��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ô»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ë¡£
����1.�������â½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(��ò²ï¿½ç½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ñµï¿½)
����2.æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½á¡°ñ°ï¿½ï¿½õªï¿½ä¡±ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½(��ò²ï¿½ç½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµï¿½)
����3.��ײë¼ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½(��ò²ï¿½ç½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½øµï¿½)
����(ò»)����
������ô¸ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½×¶îµä¿ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ï¿½ì°²ï¿½ï¿½ò»î»í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ì¨îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
����(��)��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����1.�������ߣ�������è¤(pptõ¹ê¾)
��������í©ï¿½ï¿½1983 �� 9 �� 26 ������ 20xx �ä´ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¸ß¿ï¿½×´ôªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ 713 �ö¿ï¿½è¡ï¿½ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î°®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½æ½ê±ï¿½ä°ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½ò»ï¿½ä»°ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¿ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£¬µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãºã¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2.���ô¤ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ (pptõ¹ê¾)
������(h��ng)�� ����(y��) ��(h��n)��ø¬(��)ø¬ ��ñ²q��nx��n �é±ï¿½bi ��âª(l��u) ׾��(zhu��li��)��cu���� ߬(zu��n)ס ïµ(j)���� ��(m��ng)�� ����(y��) ��(y��)����
����3.�����ṹ����������
����(1)��æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½?
������è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½+ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î½«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ï¿½äµä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ñµã£¬ï¿½ò½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½
����(2)�������ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?(����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½é¸ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)
������è·ï¿½ï¿½
������êµï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ò£ï¿½
����������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµï¿½å®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥;
�������òµä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;
��������ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ö¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ö±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åºï¿½;
�������ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½
������ä¿ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ò£ï¿½
������ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù·ç£¬ì¸ð¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ò·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò£ï¿½
��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð²å»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å®ï¿½ï¿½;
��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;
��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;
��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à´ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ð¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;
��������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¸ß¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï´ï¿½ñ£¬¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¯µï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½
����4.ñ°ï¿½ï¿½õªï¿½ä£¬æ·î¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ì¸ò»ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à¾«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ñ°ï¿½ï¿½õªï¿½ä¡±ï¿½ä³å¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ì¸ì¸õªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½(ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)
����������
����(1)��䣺�����ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ü´ï¿½ï¿½ðµãµï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½öµï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������������������ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ´ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡£°ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½öµï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ç«ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºí½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����(2)��䣺��ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù·ç£¬ì¸ð¦ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ö»ò·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������������仰�����ãµï¿½êºü³é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù·ç¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ð¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ò·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡±£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ä»°ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµä³ì¶è¡ï¿½(��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å«ï¿½ï¿½ ��ú»ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¾ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½)
����(3)��䣺���å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é³ä®ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½
���������������ë±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß²ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öºï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡£
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½õªâ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡£
����ð´ò»ð´ï¿½ï¿½
��������������䣺����ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ö»×¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡£
�����î¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½å»¨ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ã£¬ò²ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ìµä´ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����5.��ײë¼ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������⣺��������ߵ�ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò³ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
������è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îµï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ò²òªï¿½ï¿½ö¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½æ¬ï¿½î£ï¿½
��������1�����òµï¿½í¯ï¿½ê²¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?�����ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½?���������ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
����������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ì¸ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½;��ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ã¨ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ó¥ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½è£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������2�����ò±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµéµï¿½ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£¬ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡£ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è´ï¿½ì¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������(������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ì¸ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½)��ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ä»°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë°é¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ä»°ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú±ï¿½ï¿½ëµä°ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½â¿ï¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµä¼ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä³ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½òªñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµø¶ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»î¶ï¿½ø»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ð£ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç±ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½è¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½;í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����(ò»)���ߵä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¬ï¿½ï¿½?
����(��)���ഺ��ð£ô°ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡±îªï¿½ï¿½ð´ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½800�öµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½
中学语文说课稿社戏篇十四
〔一〕教材分析
《胡同文化》是一篇序,其实说是一篇散文、小品文更合适,作者从建筑学的胡同、胡同文化和胡同的衰落三个层次,写出了胡同文化的丰富内涵,并用审视的眼光来看待它的衰败与没落,语言平淡、朴素、口语化、但很有味儿,亦不失典雅之气。
〔二〕教学目标
我设置本课的教学目标有三个:1、概括胡同和胡同文化的特点,掌握概括要点的基本方法;这也是本单元的教学要点;2、正确理解胡同文化的思想内涵,培养学生热爱祖国传统文化的思想感情,并引导学生运用拿来主义的观点来对待它。;
3、体味本文语言特色。本文语言很有特色,具有京腔京调的韵味,而且《大纲》中还要求“培养学生高尚的审美情趣和一定的审美能力”,所以应该抓住这个很好的机会帮助学生体味语言的特色。
其中训练学生掌握概括要点的方法是本课的教学重点。
教学难点是对胡同文化思想内涵的.正确理解。因为这个问题对学生来说理解较难,应该作为难点来对待。
本课是自读课文,应以学生自学为主。老师只起主导作用。今年暑假新教材培训时济南一中的耿文波老师曾讲到,“要倡导自主、合作、探究的语文学习方式,改变学生的学习观念、态度、习惯,鼓励学生想象、质疑、发现、创新”等,我深受启发,后来在网上查阅资料时也见到类似的文章,于是在授课中我经常尝试使用这种方法,引导学生进行探究式学习。
这种学习方式可分两步进行:
第一步,预习,自主探究,可布置学生自读课文,解决生字、文学常识,划出自己不理解的语句;
第二步,合作探究,方法是分小组讨论,课堂交流,通过讨论交流相互学习分析问题解决问题的方法,在老师的点拨下深入理解文章的思想内涵,探讨传统文化走向没落的问题。
除了板书,我将采用一下媒体:1、电视。播放歌曲,展示北京胡同的图片。
2、投影。展示李国文的散文《胡同之死》片断。
〔一〕导入新课
课前请同学们听歌曲《前门情思大碗茶》,然后我就问学生:这首歌有什么特征?学生七嘴八舌后我就抓住“大碗茶体现了北京人的生活特点”这一点,让学生找出歌词中还有哪些内容也能体现北京人的生活特点,学生会说出“冰糖葫芦”、“窝头咸菜”、“杏仁豆腐”等,最后我做总结,这首歌京味十足,充分体现出北京人的生活特点,体现了一种北京文化。今天我们来学习北京文化的另一个重要的组成部分——胡同文化,并板书。
〔二〕明确目标〔略〕
〔三〕介绍作者,由学生自己介绍。
〔四〕分析课文 先给学生3分钟时间,自读,
1、理清思路、概括段意
先问学生:这篇文章思路是否清晰?
学生回答不一,先请回答是的同学说说自己的看法,尤其要说出自己是如何分析思路的,以便其他同学学会分析课文的方法。其实本文只要抓住第5段在全文中的过渡作用,其他便迎刃而解。
2、概括胡同的特点,然后总结它的总特点
胡同的五个方面特征不难概括,一般都会准确找出,但“方正”世胡同的总特点需要点拨,正确理解“方正”不只是北京城的特征,更体现了胡同的方正,是一种方位意识极强的特征,同时借助文中“北京城就像一块大豆腐”这个比喻,板书一个正方体(豆腐形),并在“胡同”二字下,写出“方正”二字,以加深学生印象。
3、概括胡同文化的特征,
老师先提出胡同文化是一种什么样的文化?它有哪些具体表现?其实质是什么?
小组讨论2分钟,然后课堂交流。
前两问也不难,学生回答出“封闭”特征时及时板书在“文化”之下,而其实质是“忍”则需引导学生深入理解,北京市民安土重迁,逆来顺受的表现就是由于“忍”的精神造成的。并在正方形(豆腐)中心板书“忍”。
以上完成第一个教学目标:概括重点,用时12分钟。
4、正确理解胡同文化的思想内涵,讨论胡同文化的前景
刚才讲到胡同文化的精义是“忍”,那么“忍”的精神应不应该提倡?学生回答后,要引导他们一分为二的看问题,不能一味否定。
再提出:胡同文化有没有存在的必要?这个问题,估计部分学生会受本文影响,只看到胡同文化的衰败落后的一面,学生讨论、交流之后,再用投影展示李国文的散文《胡同之死》的片断,让学生从另一个角度来看待胡同的消亡。这也是对鲁迅的拿来主义的灵活运用。
在此基础上拓展、延伸:在现实生活中,有没有正在趋向衰落的传统文化存在?比如京剧。你将如何去做?
交流之后,可让学生作为研究性学习的课题在课余时间深入研究。
以上完成第二个教学目标,用时12分钟。
5、体味语言特色
本文语言的京味特色,须通过朗读才能体味的深刻,我先让学生听8—12段的录音,然后引导学生说出语言特点,再在男女同学之间展开朗读比赛,重点读8、11、12段,看谁读得像,读得好,鼓励创新读法。只要老师善于引导,学生是能够做到的。
以上完成第三个教学目标,用时12分钟。
6、小结,布置作业:作同步训练中的语言知识巩固题和拓展练习。
板书设计应能体现教学重点、难点,使学生对此一目了然,易于回忆,具有直观性、艺术性。
中学语文说课稿社戏篇十五
����<
��������ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ê®ï¿½á¡¶ï¿½é¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1����ê¶ä¿ï¿½ê£ºï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ô¡ï¿½
����2������ä¿ï¿½ê£ºñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é·¢õ¹ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�����ä¿ï¿½ê£ºñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ç°ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
�����ùºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä£ï¿½
������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é·¢õ¹ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä¹ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ç°ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£¬±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½øµï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½
����
������æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½øµï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½äµï¿½ò»æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ç½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½æ¡°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½åªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é·¢õ¹ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½çµú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ñ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½é¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¿ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô±ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä¼°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õµä£ï¿½í¬ê±ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����â¼ï¿½å»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ó°ï¿½ç¡ï¿½í¶ó°æ¬ï¿½ù¢ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ó°æ¬ï¿½å¢æ¢ç¡ï¿½
����
�����ù´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����������龰��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½à£¬ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¾°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������������ê½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£»
������ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµè·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ñ§ð´ï¿½ï¿½
����
�����ù³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ø¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä¡ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
������ע�ø¿ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½,����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ã¿ò»î»í¬ñ§í¶ï¿½ëµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½
����
�������ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä½ì·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡¢²ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¾°ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä²ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
�����������â¿îµï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½2���ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾í¶ó°æ¬ï¿½ù£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é´´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ºï¿½é¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä£ï¿½
���������ç½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµä£ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ô¼6���ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ºï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½î£ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ä¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ëµëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´òªï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ô¼2���ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������������øµã½²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½è³ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2��3ð¡ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¢ù¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½õ½ê¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµä¹ø¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ºê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½4��5ð¡ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ùºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ô®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¿ï¿½ò³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶è¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµä´ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¼çºå¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ç´ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë·ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ì·¨ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü°ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½æ£¡ï¿½ï¿½á¡°ï¿½×¡ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï¿½ã´ï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬½ï¿½ê¦ð¡ï¿½á£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ç°ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶è°ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô®ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¤ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ºâ·ï¿½ï¿½ô¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¶è¿ì£©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ô¼10���ó£ï¿½
�������ä²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã½²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½6ð¡ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½î·ö¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·é¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»°ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½å£¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å³ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½7��8ð¡ï¿½ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½åªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¹ï¿½è¥ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð£ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½×¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¶ô¶ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½×¼è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ò£¨·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¼´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¼´ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ë¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£¿ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ó¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½ï¿½ù¸ï¿½ï¿½ó·ü²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ëµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ó°æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¢ú£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¹ï¿½ï¿½ì£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ô¼13���ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������岽���������ä¶î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½á£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ç°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ô¡ï¿½ï¿½é¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¶ôºï¿½ï¿½õ½ê¿ï¿½é¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµï¿½ô��ä²ï¿½ï¿½ä½»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ô¼1���ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½ï¿½×¶î£ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ú´ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½3�����ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ï¿½ê¾í¶ó°æ¬ï¿½ï¿½1��������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ç´ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç´óºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
���������ñ§ï°ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½3���ó£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾í¶ó°æ¬ï¿½ï¿½3����4�����ù´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½åµä¡ï¿½ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½íºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½â¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�������⣬��ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªò»ï¿½å£¬ï¿½øµï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ê¾ï¿½ë½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ä½ï¿½â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºüºãµä°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
中学语文说课稿社戏篇十六
<
讲读小学语文第十册《飞夺泸定桥》(第二课时)。
1、认识目标:了解红军飞夺泸定桥的经过,理解红军是怎样抢时间,攻天险的,领会作者用词造句的准确性。
2、能力目标:学习按事情发展顺序记叙的方法。
3、情感目标:学习红军不畏艰险,不怕牺牲,勇往直前的大无畏精神。
①红军是怎样抢时间、攻天险,夺下泸定桥的;
②学习按事情发展顺序记叙的方法。说它是重点是因为红军夺下泸定桥的关键是要抢在敌人前头,攻天险又最表现红军那种不畏艰险,不怕牺牲,勇往直前的大无畏精神,本组训练重点是“按一定顺序写”,故在教学中应重点突出这个训练内容。
本篇课文是对学生进行“按一定的顺序写”这一重点训练项目的第一篇课文,是紧接前面“理清课文的条理”和“注意事物的联系”而编排的,所以教学本篇课文要在读懂课文的基础上,弄清作者按事情发展顺序记叙的方法,并指导学生说写。另本节课是第二课时,第一课时已初读课文,扫清了字词障碍,对课文的脉落已经了一定的认识,所以本节课将着力分析红军是怎样抢时间及攻天险的,同时也将着重引导学生领会作者叙事有顺序的写法。
录放机、电视机、录相带、投影仪、投影片①②、自制投影片⑴⑵⑶。
①从中心思想入手,对学生进行听、说、读、写的语言文字训练;
②运用情景教学法,通过录相,使学生进入情景,体会夺桥的“难”,红军的“勇”;
③运用启发式教学,精心设计富有启发生,针对性,层次性的问题;
④训练以读为本,以学为主,精心选择运用与读书相关的演示,讲解、提问、议论等方法,使学生以读促写,以读学写。
①充分运用读、思、议、练的方法学习课文,做到以读的为本,注重读的效果;
②通过学习课文的语言文字,领会桥的“险”,红军的“勇”;
③注重课堂交流,做到师生间交流,学生间交流,充分尊重个体差异,让每一位同学投入到交流中,共同体验成功的欢乐。
本节课在上述切实可行的教法及灵活多变的学法下,将精心设计出课堂教学的环节、程序、步聚,摒弃串讲串问,让教学服务于学生的自主学习,做取“以读为本,以学为主”,同时做到教学目标以语言训练为主,教学过程以学生实践为主,教学方法以指导读书为主。使学生通过本课入情入景的学习,能有顺序地讲述课文的内容及领会红军的不怕艰难险阻,不怕牺牲,勇往直前的无畏精神。
首先是新课导入,大约需2分钟,出示投影片①,教师唱《长征》歌,激情创景导入课题及文章中心,(板书:飞夺泸定桥、不畏艰险,勇往直前,不怕牺牲)然后设置悬念:课文是怎样表现这一中心的?
接着是讲读课文:
第一步:放录相,让学生入情入影体会作者是如何表达这一中心的,重点记叙了哪几个方面的内容(约6分钟)(板书:抢时间、攻天险)。
第二步:讲读第一段,学生默读,画出文中说明“天险”的词语,并请学生说说红军为什么要夺取泸定桥(约2分钟)。
第三步:重点讲读第二段,先抽学生朗读第2、3小节,让学生思考讨论①“诡计”的意思,敌人的诡计是什么。②我军决定怎样娄碎敌人的阴谋。③我军战胜敌人的关键是什么?为什么(板书:时间紧)然后让学生齐读第4、5小节,读后思考讨论:①红军怎样同敌人的援年代抢时间?找出书中说明红军速度快如飞的词句作上记号。②在短时间内赶到泸定桥,红四团遇到哪些困难,课文主要是从哪几个方面叙述的,也在书画出并请同学起来读一读,红军是怎样克服的,说明了什么?③当对岸敌人出现援年代时红四团用什么办法对待敌人?这说明什么?④敌人为什么不疑心?⑤我军与敌人赛跑把敌人抛在后面!体会“抛”字的用词准确?一个一个问题解决后,教师小结:红军以勇往直前的精神,用飞一般的速度把敌人援兵远远抛在后面,终于预定时间赶到泸定桥(板书:路程远、速度快)(该环节大约10分钟)
第四步:重点讲读第三段,首先引读第6小节,读后提问,本自然段分几层意思讲述泸定桥?然后引导学生体会敌人“来吧,看你们飞过来吧!”这句话的含义(板书:敌守天险)接着抽学生朗读第7、8小节,让学生弄清红军是怎样飞过去的?在这节教学中,要主学生注意体会作者对动词的准确运用及作者叙述的顺序(发起总攻、突击连冲、三连铺桥、桥头激战,(随即板书,发起总攻:桥头激战。)随即让学生思考:①在夺桥战斗中哪个词最能说明红军英勇顽强,在课文中,画出表现红军“奋不顾身”的语句?②党的号召是什么?英雄们听到党的号召更加奋不顾身,这说明了什么?随后打出投影片(①②)让学生看着灯片结合课文内容讲红军夺桥经过。最后,让学生明确夺桥过程,作者主要运用什么方法描写红军的英雄气概?(该环节大约13分钟)。
第五步:讲读第四段,齐读后,师生小结,与第一段前后呼应,既是对“飞夺泸定桥”的伟大意义的揭示,又是对红军战士飞夺泸桥的原因的补充交代(该环节大约1分钟)。
然后是总结阶段:该环节大约用3分钟问:①这篇课文按怎样的顺序写?详写什么?略写什么?这样写有什么好处?(同时出示投影片(1));②学习了这课后,你学到了什么?一是从写文章要有次序引导,二是从红军的精神方面引导。
最后检查学习效果,大约用3分钟,出示投影片(3)(4),再次让学生体会红军战斗任务的艰巨性,时间紧迫性及泸定桥的“险”和红军的“勇”。
另外,再谈板书设计:这则板书设计寓形象美与图示美、文字美为一体,重点突出,脉落清晰,既展示了教师的教路,又体现了学生的学路,对文章的内容和中心都有所提示,使学生对文章理解有很好的帮助作用。

一键复制