2012年四川大学英语语言文学专业2005高级英语（写作与翻译）考试科目考博试题一共有2个大题，3小题。试题题型结构和部分试题原文如下，

四川大学

2012年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题

考试科目：高级英语（写作与翻译）

科目代码：2005

适用专业：英语语言文学专业所有方向

（试题共4页）

Part One: Make comment on the following essay. Support you position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.(50%)

  One of the presuppositions of modern thought is that institutions, in order to be understood, must be seen in relation to the conditions of time and place in which they appear. It is a little difficult for us to look at democracy in this way. We are so immersed in its present fortunes that we commonly see it only as a "close-up," filling the screen to the exclusion of other things to which it is in fact related. In order to form an objective judgment of its nature and significance, we must therefore first of all get it in proper perspective. Let us then, in imagination, remove from the immediate present scene to some cool high place where we can survey at a glance five or six thousand years of history, and note the part that democracy has played in human civilization. The view, if we have been accustomed to take democracy for granted, is a bit bleak and disheartening. For we see at once that in all this long time, over the habitable globe, the great majority of the human race has neither known nor apparently much cared for our favorite institutions.

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Part Two: Translation (50%)

A. Translate the underlined part of the following passage into Chinese. (25%)

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B. Translate the following into English. (25%)

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四川大学英语语言文学专业2013年考博招生专业目录信息如下，