一 计算机、通讯类

1 计算机

commit computer crimes 进行电脑犯罪活动

Most computer crimes can be traced back to hackers. 大多数计算机犯罪都是电脑黑客干的。

access the Internet 进入互联网

accomplish the operation simply with a click of the keys 敲击键盘即可完成操作

administrator 管理员

auto search 自动搜索

bandwidth 宽带

be multilingual 可以使用多种语言

be networked with … 与…联网

be no longer imaginary 不再是幻想

blogger 写博客的人

chat on-line in Internet 网上聊天

distance learning 远程教育

on shopping on-line 进行网上购物

facilitate the growth of the cyber-economy 推动网络经济的发展

Internet café 网吧

Internet fans 网迷

Internet geek/netter 网虫

Internet video chat 网上视频聊天

It is difficult to know whether the information on the Internet is reliable or not. 很难确定互联网上的信息是否可靠。

Millions of computers are connected to one another in a worldwide network called Internet. 不计其数台电脑在世界范围内互相联系在一起称作互联网

Printed sources continue to remain an important method for researching materials. 使用印制资料仍然是获得研究资源的重要方法。

provide on-line employment services to job seekers 为求职者提供网上择业服务

There is an advantage to being multilingual. 懂得多种语言很有益处。

with the gradual popularization of the Internet 随着互联网的不断普及

put out your message through E-mail 使用电子邮件发出讯息

net-addiction 网瘾

provide entertainment in the form of computerized games 提供电子游戏形式的娱乐

2 其他通讯手段

allow people to carry telephone with them all the time 使人们能够随时随身携带电话

Calls were connected manually by switchboard operators. 过去电话由接员人工接通。

Cellular telephones are portable units that can be used away from home. 手机是出门在外也可以使用的便携装置。

Cellular telephones can be used to access information virtually anywhere and anytime. 手机实际上可以用于随时随地接收信息。

make wireless communication possible 使无线通讯成为可能

phone can connect to the Internet 手机可以连接到互联网

send a short text message to sb.’s cell phone 给某人的手机发短信

cable television systems 有线电视系统

digital television 数字电视

pick up the signals from satellites 通过卫星接收信号

provide a large number of (many more) channels 提供很多(更多)频道

satellite television service 卫星电视业务

advances in digital communications 数字通讯的发展

improve the quality and efficiency of telecommunication 提高远程通讯的质量和效率

modern digital telecommunication 现代数字远程通讯

send messages faster and more accurately 更快、更准确地传送信息

二 经济、改革类

1 旅游业

About six or seven percent of the Gross National Product comes from tourism. 国民生产总值的6%-7%来自旅游业。

be one of the major industries of this country 是该国主要产业之一

belong to the service industry 属于服务性行业

benefit through peaceful development and cultural understanding 从和平发展和文化认同中获益

carry exchange and investment to … 吸引交流和投资到…

focus attention on the role tourism can play in elimination of poverty 重视旅游业对消除贫困的作用

serve as a dynamic catalyst of emploment, wealth, investment and poverty elimination 对就业、财富、投资和摆脱贫困起到有力的催化作用

Tourism business preserves cultural and heritage traditions. 旅游业保护传统和文化遗产。

do-it-yourself/independent travel 自助游

during the height of travel 在旅游的高峰季节

golden week for tourism 旅游黄金周

visit historic sites/spots 参观历史名胜

2 农业

be not fertile enough to justify cropping 不够肥沃，所以不值得耕种

cultivate inferior 开垦贫瘠土地

The supply of good land is limited. 良田资源是有限的。

to feed a large population 养活众多的人口

cause pollution and health problems 引起污染和健康问题

chemical fertilizer 化肥

destroy harmful insects 消灭害虫

Insecticides also kill helpful insects. 杀虫剂也会杀死益虫。

save water during irrigation 节水灌溉

use up ground water 用尽地面水

increase food production to help feed the growing world population 提供粮食产量为不断增加的世界人口提供食物

keep soil from drying out and prevents the loss of soil 避免土壤干化和流失

One important form of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks. 土壤保持的一个重要方法是利用防风林。

be carried out in a way that does not damage the environment 以一种不破环环境的方式被执行

avoid a possible grain shortage 避免可能出现的粮食短缺

deserve to be called a broad-minded policy 应被视为有长远眼光的策略

invest more in agricultural technology 加大对于农业科技的投资

Sustainable development methodes are designed to save resources. 开展可持续发展的目的在于节约资源。

3 政治

Political systems have evolves over several centuries. 政治制度是经历了好几个世纪的发展演变而来的。

undergo an economic and political transformation 经历经济和政治变革

well handle the relations among reform, development and stability 妥善处理改革、发展和稳定之间的关系

accoplish the great cause of national reunification 完成祖国统一大业

contribute to international peace and prosperity 为国际和平和繁荣作贡献

4 经济

attract more foreign investment 吸引更多外国投资

resources-efficient development mode 有效利用资源型发展模式

sharpen the international competitiveness 加强国际竞争力

secure the fair competition on the marker 保障市场上公平竞争

place emphasis on the future development 强调未来发展

try to gain a large market share 谋求更大的市场份额

maintain the competitiveness in market contests 保持在市场竞争中的竞争力

reserve and promote the sound and cooperative economic and trade tries between the two countries 保持和促进两国之间稳健合作的经济和贸易联系

三 教育、就业类

1 教育

achieve universal comsulsory education 普及全民义务教育

adult education 成人教育

conduct the education of the younger generation 对年轻一代进行教育

special education for the disabled children 为残疾儿童开设特殊教育

spread education 推广教育

take education seriously 重视教育

be firmly convinced that education pays 坚信受教育是有益的

borrow heavily from the western traditions in education 在教育上大量借鉴西方惯例

develop a well-informed, critically thinking, and civically engaged citizenry 培养知识丰富、善于独立思考、能很好履行义务的公民

Family education is as important as public education. 家庭教育和学校教育一样重要。

Knowledge is priceless treasure. 知识是无价之宝。

talent training and quality education 人才培养和素质教育

transmit to youth the best of our culture 将我们最优秀的文化传给青年一代

understand the necessity of education 懂得教育的必要性

alleviate/reduce/lighten burdens on the students of elementary and secondary schools 减轻中小学生负担

arouse attention from all sectors of society 引起全社会的注意

call for alleviating burdens on students 呼吁减轻学生负担

Children get a better education today than at any time in the past. 今天的孩子受的教育比以往任何时候都要好。

Edution must be conbined with practice. 教育必须与实践相结合。

A college education in the United States in expensive. 美国大学教育的费用昂贵。

Increasing enrollment causes a sharp rise in educational costs. 扩大招生导致教育费用急剧上升。

Students pay their tuition fees and living costs from income earned through the work-study program. 学生用勤工俭学的收入缴纳学习费用和生活费用。

2 教学及教学方法

adopt a new approach in teaching 在教学中采用一套新做法

allow more time for individual instrucion and group discussion 给予更多时间做个人指导和小组讨论

impart knowledge to one’s students 把知识传授给学生

involve both bearning and teaching 涉及教与学两方面

make radical improvements in teaching 从根本上改进教学

stick to the traditional teaching methods 固守传统教学法

teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教

3 教学管理

(1)学校

abide by the school rules 遵守学校的规章

collect subscription for the putting up of a charity school 募捐筹建慈善学校

found an establishment of a private school 建立私利学校

make the most economical of school facilities 充分利用学校资源

part-work and part-study school 半工半读学校

(2)学生

be a good student in comparison with sb. 与某人相比，算是好学生

be concerned about the students ideology 从思想上关心学生

be heavily burdened with schoolwork 学校功课负担太重

dropouts 辍学者

encourage the students to think their own thoughts 鼓励学生独立思考

errors common among students 学生常犯的错误

give heart to students 鼓励学生

give individual attention to each student 给每个学生以个别关注

Good teachers impart wisdom to his students. 好老师赋予学生智慧。

It is the duty of a student to study hard. 努力学习是学生的本分。

self-supporting graduate student 自费研究生

try one’s best to have the students take the initiative in learning 尽力调动学生的学习积极性

(3)学科

a developing borderline science 一门正在发展的边缘科学

an extensive subject 一门内容广博的学科

complete undergraduate study 完成本科学业

inspire self-conscious debates over the worth of a business degree 引发有关工商学位价值的讨论

Science and technology are productive forces. 科学技术是生产力。

this subject and its numerous ramifications 这门学科以及它的许多分支

(4)课程

a great number of students are enrolled in … 大量学生报名…

approaches to teaching science and math vary 科学课和数学课的教学方法有所不同

arrange the curriculum 安排课程

at the end of the course 结业时

Graduate study is more intensive and specialized. 研究生学习更精深、更专业。

have less courses, but in greater depth 课程少一些，但更深入

non-required subjects 选修课

(5)招生

a form of application for enrollment 大学申请表

enroll in a college without being strongly motivated 不迫切希望报名就读某大学

enter for an examination 报名参加考试

Entrance requirements differ greatly. 入学条件很不一样。

increase enrollment 扩招

(6)学历及文凭

acknowledge a diploma of graduation 公证一份学位证书

be granted an official certificate from … 被授予由…颁发的正式证书

confer diplomas on members of the graduating class 向毕业生颁发学位证

education with record of formal schooling 学历教育

obtain a license or a certificate for one’s job or career 获得从事自己工作或职业的执照或证书

pursue graduate study 读研究生

try to obtain the undergraduate diploma through self-taught study 试图通过自学获得本科文凭

(7)体制和管理

adopt an academic credit system 采取学分制

be a student of fine qualities and fine scholar 品学兼优

broad mental development 全面的智能发展

develop an interest in learning 培养学习兴趣

drop out of school 退学

further education 深造

implementing the new standards 实施新的标准

investigate all sides of a question and all possible solutions to a problem 调查研究问题的各个方面及各种可能的解决方法

learn admission status 了解录取情况

letter of recommendation 推荐信

meet the standards 符合标准

possess both political integrity and professional ability 德才兼备

shake their confidence 动摇他们的信心

4 学习

(1)目标与动机

achieve the goal one has set for oneself 达到为自己确立的目标

be completely absorbed in study 把精力完全贯注在学习上

derive pleasure from one’s studies 从学习中获得乐趣

distract one’s mind from one’s study 分散某人学习的注意力

learn through one’s valuable experience 从自己宝贵的经验中学习

neglect one’s studies 忽视自己的学习

place the study ahead of anything else 把学习放在第一位

stimulate oneself to study 发奋学习

study harder under the stimulus of praise 在表扬的激励下更加努力学习

study assiduously and perseveringly 持之以恒地刻苦学习

(2)方法和习惯

gain new insights through restudying old material 温故而知新

lay the basis for further study 为进一步深造奠定基础

store/stock one’s mind with knowledge 用知识充实头脑

Unless you study hard you will not pass the exam. 除非你用功，否则不会及格

(3)考试

a certificate examination 证书考试

be quite confident of passing the examination 坚信自己能通过考试

conduct an examination 举行考试

gain distinction in the examination 考试成绩优秀

take part in the entrance exams for graduate school 考研

We should study hard at ordinary times to avoid making a frantic last-minute effort. 我们应该平时多烧香，免得考试时临时抱佛脚。

(4)考试，试卷

hand in an examination 交卷

machine scoring 机器阅卷

take a written examination 参加笔试

(5)成绩

become complacent over any success 一有成绩就自满起来

carry forward one’s achievements 发扬成绩

come off with honors 以优异成绩通过

measure sb.’s success 衡量某人的成绩

(6)毕业

attent the graduation ceremony 参加毕业典礼

be assigned to work in the remote region after graduation 毕业后分配到边远地区

be recommended to the postgraduate school after completing one’s regular college course 本科毕业后直升研究生

begin to work soon after graduating 毕业后不久开始工作

Entrance into college means employment security. 进入大学意味着工作有了保障。

fill all requirements for graduation 具备毕业的一切条件

gain graduate certificate/receive a diploma 获得学位证书

have independent mind 会独立思考

make full use of talents 使人尽其才

The job hunt faces this year’s graduates. 本届毕业生面临就业问题。

university student’s innovative undertaking 大学生创业

young people on the threshold of life 刚刚进入社会的年轻人

5 就业

accept the editorship of a magazine 接受一家杂志的编辑工作

acquire a key position in an eminent company 在一著名公司身居要职

be assigned to the position of … 被分配…的工作

be rapt in one’s new job 把精力贯注在新工作上

engage upon a new position 从事新职业

permanent occupation 固定职业

secure a more lucrative employment 获得一份赚钱更多的职业

seek a steady and well-paid job 找到既稳定有待遇优厚的工作

allow employees to contribute and to feel powerful and important 让员工尽责尽力并意识到自己的作用和重要性

workaholic 工作狂

be adequate for the job 能够胜任工作

be devoid of professional sense 缺乏职业观念

be very conscientious in one’s work 对工作负责

Hard and honest work is the surest way to establishment. 努力而诚实的工作是最可靠的成功之道。

keep pounding away at one’s work 持续努力工作

measure up to one’s job in every way 各方面都能胜任工作

put one’s whole soul into one’s work 全神贯注工作

dedicate the great portion of one’s life to … 把一生的大部分时间致力于…

take pay cuts 接受降薪

an army of the unemployed 失业大军

since depression began 自从经济萧条开始以来

unemployment insurance/payments 失业保险/救助金

be fired 被解雇

be the right person 是合适的人选

go for the job interview 参加求职面试

go job hunting in the web 上网求职

rely on one’s own skills and capabilities for one’s success 依赖自己的技能和能力获得成功

think sb.’s is qualified for the job 认为某人有资格胜任这份工作

be optimistic and cooperative 乐观向上，善于与人协作

get second starts in careers that have greater appeal to … 重新开始一份对…有更大吸引力的工作

四 家庭类

1 老年人

guarantee for old age security 给老年人提供保障

live on pension 靠养老金生活

build up homes for the aged 建造老人院

As one gets older, he is more liable to have health problems. 年纪大了容易添病。

Movement becomes difficult with age. 随着年事的增高行动变得困难。

The vigor of a person’s body lessens as he grows old. 人到老年体力就变弱了。

be calculated to prolong one’s life 延年益寿

think young and stay young 精神年轻就能保持年轻

three important things for a long old life: fresh air, fresh food, simple life 长寿的三要素：新鲜空气、新鲜食物、简单生活

Medical expenses remain a serious problem for the aged. 医疗开支对于老年人是很大的困难。

be lonely and starving for companionship 因孤独而渴望有人作伴

keep active, alert and open-minded 保持积极向上、机敏和开朗

The worst problems of the old age are health, loneliness and personal sagety. 老年人最可怕的问题是健康、孤独和个人安全。

have a close relationship with their children 与子女保持密切关系

The old and the young do not always understand each other. 老年人与年轻人往往不能互相理解。

China is a nation that is proud of the virtue of filial piety. 中国是一个以孝道为自豪的民族。

Filial piety is defined as “a son’s or daughter’s obedience to and respect for parents”. 孝顺指的是儿女对父母的顺从和尊敬。

have the duty to support and assist one’s parents 有赡养扶助父母的义务

We should be considerate of the comfort of old people. 我们应该为老年人的舒适着想。

(2)妇女

Changes have taken place in the roles of women in society. 妇女在社会中的作用发生了变化。

abolish all inequalities 消除各个方面的不平等

adhere to the principle of equality 坚持平等的原则

compete with men in the professions on equal terms 在职业生涯上在同等条件下与男人竞争

eliminate sexual discrimination 消除性别歧视

enter the labor force 参加到劳动力大军中来

liberate women from the kitchen 把妇女从厨房中解放出来

(3)养育子女

arrange for one’s children’s education 安排子女的教育事宜

give their children a first-rate education 使得孩子受到第一流的教育

have no control over the children at all 一点也管不住自己的孩子

make children fit to live in a society 使孩子们适合在社会中生存

Parents should be responsible for their child’s behavior. 父母应对子女的行为负责。

A judicious parent encourages his children to decide many things for themselves. 明智的父母会让孩子在许多事情上自己做决定。

All their affection is centered on their children. 他们的全部爱都集中在孩子身上。

be too permissive with their children 对孩子有求必应

be addicted to net games 迷恋网络游戏

be easily affected 易受影响

be self-centered 以自我为中心

develop strong dislike for studying 对读书产生强烈的反感情绪

have premature love affairs 早恋

never attain any independence and initiative 没有养成独立性和自觉性

play truant 逃学

suffer from nervousness, anxiety, depression and so on 感到紧张、不安、压抑等

have heart-to-heart chats with them 与他们倾心交谈

help sb. out of his honeliness 帮助某人摆脱孤独

open the hot line 开通热线

set a good example to his children 为孩子树立好榜样

五 文化类

bring culture to people 向人们传播文化

culture industry 产业文化

screen cultrue 影视文化

classical art 古典艺术

costume art 服装艺术

programs for prime time 黄金时段节目

chrity performance 义演

appear in public 出现在公众面前

be well received/receive a warm welcome/be most welcome 受欢迎

big shot/top notch 大腕

enjoy privileges 享受特权

invite movie stars, sports stars or celebrities in entertainment or literature circles to shoot TV advertisements 请电影明星、体育明星、文艺界名人拍电视广告

seek celebrity charm 追求明星效应

successfully play to the gallery 成功地迎合低级趣味，讨好观众

be careful about which program one wants to watch and which program one doesn’t 谨慎决定自己要看什么节目，不看什么节目

be both instructive and entertaining 既有教益又有娱乐性

play a posive/negative role in the life 在生活中起积极/消极作用

depend on what a person’s life-style is 取决于个人生活方式

occupy one’s spare time 占据业余时间

seldom think of the effect the program/show will have on sb. 很少考虑节目对某人的影响

Television itself is neither good nor bad. 电视本身无所谓好或坏。

watch rubbishy commercials 看低劣的电视广告

escape from the boredom of daily life 逃离乏味的日常生活

culture shock 文化冲击

experience a different culture 体验不同的文化

get into touch with other cultures 接触其他文化

immerse oneself in different cultures 深入了解不同的文化

know how people live in defferent parts of the world 了解世界其他地方人们如何生活

truly expand one’s mind 真正开阔眼界

widen/broaden/expand one’s mind 使心胸开阔

cultivate one’s tastes and relax 陶冶情操并休闲放松

far away from modern civilization 远离现代文明

It is not the fashion to do … 现在不时兴…

be too busy to find time to pursue a hobby 忙得无暇从事业余爱好活动

take hobbies to develop new interests 从事业余爱好活动以发展新的兴趣

六 医药、健康类

cultivate/develop healthy habits in daily life 在日常生活中培养健康的习惯

form good living habits and reform the bad ones 养成良好的生活习惯并摒弃坏的习惯

live a healthy and productive life 生活健康向上

Ads are not a good source of health care advice. 对广告做得保健宣传不能太相信。

have to adapt to environment declines 不得不适应恶化的环境

improve the health of the people 提高人民健康水平

七 自然与环境

accept the need for conservation of natural resources 认识到保护自然资源的必要

accept the need for conservation of wildlife resources 认识到保护野生动物的必要

be graceful for the benefits which nature has so 感谢大自然对我们的慷慨恩赐

follow the inexorable law of nature 遵循大自然的必然规律

the problems of the world water resources 世界水资源问题

limitable/limited resources 有限的资源

make full use of our nature conditions 最大限度地利用我们的自然条件

put particular emphasis on the preservation of natural resources 重视保护自然资源

the effect of physical environment upon man’s life 自然环境对人类生活的影响

utilize all available resources/put all available resources to use 利用一切可能的资源

bring unnecessary destruction to natural resources 对自然资源造成不必要的破坏

violate the rules of nature 违反自然规律

A great tidal wave swept the coast. 强大的海啸席卷沿海地区。

be plagued with soil erosion 遭受水土流失的困扰

global warming 全球变暖

have a severe shock of earthquake 经受一次大地震

suffer a calamity 遭受灾害

make preparations against natural disaster 为预防自然灾害做准备

establish a stable balance of nature 建立自然的稳定平衡

recover from the effects of natural disasters 从自然灾害的影响中恢复过来

Any change will affect our life and our environment. 任何变化都会影响我们的生活和环境。

Means of modern transportation consume too much energy. 现代交通工具消耗过多能源。

An ecosystem must remain stable. 生态系统必须保持稳定。

ecological construction 生态建设

environmental greening 环境绿化

八 社会问题类

A major purpose of advertising is to construct a positive image about a company’s name and products. 广告宣传的一个主要目的之一是公司的声明和产品打造良好形象。

Advertising has become an indispensable means of selling goods. 广告宣传已成为产品销售的一个不可或缺的手段。

cheeky television ads 厚颜无耻的电视广告

exaggerated ads 夸大其词的广告

False ads jeopardize consumer rights. 虚假广告侵犯消费者的权利。

comply with the consumer protection law 遵守消费者保护法

violate the consumer rights 侵犯消费者的权利

avoid being a victim of fraud 避免成为欺诈受害者

be held accountable for the violation of law 被追究违法责任

piracy thriving in the virtual world 虚拟世界猖獗的盗版行为

take drastic actions against pirated goods 盗版商品的价值

九 体育类

Ball games are widespread. 球类运动很流行。

be in top condition at all times 随时保持最佳竞技状态

be keen on surfing 喜欢冲浪运动

be vigorous rather than skilful 与其说是身手不凡不如说是强壮有力

an upsurge in sports activities 体育运动热潮

develop mass sports activities 开展群众性体育运动

encourage athletics 鼓励开展体育运动

Exercise is the necessary to strengthen the body. 运动对于强身健体是必要的。

Exercise is the best preservative of health. 运动是最好的保健品。

Exercise makes one strong. 生命在于运动。

practice wholesome exercise 从事有益健康运动

Relaxation exercises can free your body of tension. 放松运动可松缓身体的紧张。

Sports may be a safety valve for people’s violent feelings. 运动是可以使人的强烈感情得以发泄的稳妥方式。

take regular exercise in the open 经常参加户外运动

an unique heritage 独特的遗产

carry forward the spirit of Olympics 发扬奥运精神

build up a good physique to defend the country 锻炼身体，保卫祖国

Do not become cocky/be dizzy with success, nor downcast over/discouraged by defeat. 胜不骄，败不馁。

high-morale and strong will; high-spirited and firmly-determinded 昂扬的斗志和顽强的毅力

in the true spirit of the sportmanship 以真正的体育道德精神

spiritual pillar 精神支柱