2010年教育部考试中心考研英语模拟试题

　　----翻译部分汇编

八、战争

Wisdom born of experience should tell us that war is obsolete.（46）There may have been a time when war served as a negative good by preventing the spread and growth of an evil force, but the destructive power of modern weapons eliminates even the possibility that war may serve any good at all. In a day when vehicles hurtle through outer space and guided ballistic missiles carve highways of death through the stratosphere, no nation can claim victory in war. A so-called limited war will leave little more than a calamitous legacy of human suffering, political and spiritual disillusionment. A world war will leave only smoldering ashes as mute testimony of a human race whose folly led inexorably to ultimate death. （47）If modern man continues to toy unhesitatingly with war, he will transform his earthly habitat into a hell such as even the mind of Dante (但丁) could not imagine.

（48）Therefore I suggest that the philosophy and strategy of nonviolence becomes immediately a subject for study and for serious experimentation in every field of human conflict, by no means excluding the relations between nations. It is, after all, nation states, which make war, which have produced the weapons that threaten the survival of mankind and which are both genocidal and suicidal in character.

We have ancient habits to deal with, vast structures of power, indescribably complicated problems to solve.（49）But unless we resign our humanity altogether and yield to fear and impotence in the presence of the weapons we have ourselves created, it is as possible and as urgent to put an end to war and violence between nations as it is to put an end to poverty and racial injustice.

I do not minimize the complexity of the problems that need to be faced. （50）But I am convinced that we shall not have the will, the courage and the insight to deal with such matters unless in this field we are prepared to undergo a mental and spiritual re-evaluation, a change of focus which will enable us to see that the things that seem most real and powerful are indeed now unreal and have come under sentence of death. We need to make a supreme effort to generate the readiness, indeed the eagerness, to enter into the new world, which is now possible, “the city which hath foundation, whose Building and Maker is God”.

　　答案

　　46.也许曾经有一段时间，战争通过阻止邪恶势力的扩张和发展而成为负面的善举，但现代武器的巨大破坏力消除了战争成为善举的任何可能性。

　　47?如果现代人继续毫无顾忌地玩弄战争，他将使现世的生存环境变成但丁的心灵都无法想像的地狱。

　　48.因此，我建议将非暴力的哲学和策略立即定为一个研究课题，并在人类冲突的各个领域，不排除在国与国的关系中，进行认真的实验。

　　49.但是除非我们完全丧失人性，并在自己制造的武器面前完全陷入恐惧和无能，那么结束国家之间的战争和暴力与结束贫穷和种族歧视同样具有可能性和紧迫性。

　　50.但是我坚信，除非我们在这方面准备进行一次精神和灵魂的重新评估，改变关注点，以使我们看到，表面上最现实、最强大的东西其实是最不现实、已经被宣判死刑的东西，我们将不会有意志、勇气和远见来处理这些事情。

　　总体分析

　　这是一篇关于战争的文章。文中谈到了战争的危害性，以及如何防御战争的问题。

　　第一段：首先指出战争是过时的，接着讲述随着现代科学技术的进步，战争的危害更大了，甚至会导致整个人类的死亡。

　　第二段：作者提出了建议性的解决办法，即将非暴力的哲学和策略定为研究课题。

　　第三段：指出终止国家之间的战争与暴力具有可能性和紧迫性。

　　第四段：重申了制止战争的可能性，即战争是最不现时、已经被宣判死刑的东西。