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2004 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Section I: Listening Comprehension
Directions:
This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will
hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that
accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.
Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in
your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5
minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.
Now look at Part A in your test booklet.
Part A
Directions:
For questions 1-5, you will hear a talk about the geography of Belgium. While you
listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information
has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered
box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table
below. (5 points)
Geography of Belgium
coastal plain
central plateau
Three main regions
1
Highest altitude of the coastal plain ________m 2
Climate near the sea humid
3
Particularly rainy months of the years April
4
Average temperatures in July in Brussels low 13 ℃
high ________℃ 5
Part B
Directions:
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For Questions 6-10, you will hear an interview with Mr. Saffo from the Institute for
the Future. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not
more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have
25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)
What is Saffo according to himself?
The Institute for the Future provides services to private companies and
________.
The Institute believes that to think systematically about the long-range future
is________.
To succeed in anything, one should be flexible, curious and________.
What does Saffo consider to be essential to the work of a team?
6
7
8
9
10
Part C
Directions:
You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you
will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each
question by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. After listening, you will have time to
check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)
Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk about naming newborns. You now
have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.
11. What do we often do with the things we love?
[A] Ask for their names.
[B] Name babies after them.
[C] Put down their names.
[D] Choose names for them.
12. The unpleasant meaning of an old family name is often overlooked if
________.
[A] the family tree is fairly limited
[B] the family tie is strong enough
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[C] the name is commonly used
[D] nobody in the family complains
13. Several months after a baby’s birth, its name will ________.
[A] show the beauty of its own
[B] develop more associations
[C] lose the original meaning
[D] help form the baby’s personality
Questions 14-16 are based on the biography of Bobby Moore, an English soccer
player. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.
14. How many matches did Moore play during his professional career?
[A] 90
[B] 108
[C] 180
[D] 668
15. In 1964, Bobby Moore was made ________.
[A] England’s footballer of the year
[B] a soccer coach in West Germany
[C] a medalist for his sportsmanship
[D] a number of the Order of the British Empire
16. After Moore retired from playing, the first thing he did was ________.
[A] editing Sunday Sport
[B] working for Capital Radio
[C] managing professional soccer teams
[D] developing a sports marketing company
Questions 17-20 are based on the following talk on the city of Belfast. You now have
20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.
17. Belfast has long been famous for its ________.
[A] oil refinery
[B] linen textiles
[C] food products
[D] deepwater port
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18. Which of the following does Belfast chiefly export?
[A] Soap
[B] Grain
[C] Steel
[D] Tobacco
19. When was Belfast founded?
[A] In 1177
[B] In 1315
[C] In the 16th century
[D] In the 17th century
20. What happened in Belfast in the late 18th century?
[A] French refugees arrived.
[B] The harbor was destroyed.
[C] Shipbuilding began to flourish.
[D] The city was taken by the English.
You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to
ANSWER SHEET 1.
Section II: Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark
[A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes
committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major
contributing influence. Theories __21__ on the individual suggest that children
engage in criminal behavior __22__ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous
misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through __23__ with others.
Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in
__24__ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, __25__ as a
rejection of middle-class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from
disadvantaged families, __26__ the fact that children from wealthy homes also
commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes __27__ lack of adequate parental
control. All theories, however, are tentative and are __28__ to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly __29__ juvenile crime rates. For
example, changes in the economy that __30__ to fewer job opportunities for youth
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and rising unemployment __31__ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to
obtain. The resulting discontent may in __32__ lead more youths into criminal
behavior.
Families have also __33__ changes these years. More families consist of one
parent households or two working parents; __34__, children are likely to have less
supervision at home __35__ was common in the traditional family __36__. This lack
of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other
__37__ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased
__38__ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing __39__ of child abuse and child
neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a
criminal act, __40__ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
21. [A] acting
[B] relying
[C] centering
[D] cementing
22. [A] before
[B] unless
[C] until
[D] because
23. [A] interactions
[B] assimilation
[C] cooperation
[D] consultation
24. [A] return
[B] reply
[C] reference
[D] response
25. [A] or
[B] but rather
[C] but
[D] or else
26. [A] considering
[B] ignoring
[C] highlighting
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[D] discarding
27. [A] on
[B] in
[C] for
[D] with
28. [A] immune
[B] resistant
[C] sensitive
[D] subject
29. [A] affect
[B] reduce
[C] chock
[D] reflect
30. [A] point
[B] lead
[C] come
[D] amount
31. [A] in general
[B] on average
[C] by contrast
[D] at length
32. [A] case
[B] short
[C] turn
[D] essence
33. [A] survived
[B] noticed
[C] undertaken
[D] experienced
34. [A] contrarily
[B] consequently
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[C] similarly
[D] simultaneously
35. [A] than
[B] that
[C] which
[D] as
36. [A] system
[B] structure
[C] concept
[D] heritage
37. [A] assessable
[B] identifiable
[C] negligible
[D] incredible
38. [A] expense
[B] restriction
[C] allocation
[D] availability
39. [A] incidence
[B] awareness
[C] exposure
[D] popularity
40. [A] provided
[B] since
[C] although
[D] supposing
Section III: Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A],
[B], [C] or [D] Mark your mowers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
。 8
Text 1
Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across
CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was
attracted by the site’s “personal search agent.” It’s an interactive feature that lets
visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when
a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal,
intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first
notification of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume
to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.
With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising
openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for
repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon,
career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work
against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility,” says
one expert.
For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept -- what you think
you want to do -- then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another
expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.” Instead, the best
strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a
particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the
database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a
database that might interest me,” says the author of a job-searching guide.
Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s
agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it
includes only three potential jobs -- those it considers the best matches. There may
be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find
them -- and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp
increase in our traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.
Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile.
Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather
information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise.
Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You
always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search agent means
having another set of eyes looking out for you.
41. How did Redmon find his job?
[A] By searching openings in a job database.
[B] By posting a matching position in a database.
[C] By using a special service of a database.
[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.
42. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?
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[A] Lack of counseling.
[B] Limited number of visits.
[C] Lower efficiency.
[D] Fewer successful matches.
43. The expression “tip service” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means
________.
[A] advisory
[B] compensation
[C] interaction
[D] reminder
44. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?
[A] To focus on better job matches.
[B] To attract more returning visits.
[C] To reserve space for more messages.
[D] To increase the rate of success.
45. Which of the following is true according to the text?
[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.
[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.
[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.
[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.
Text 2
Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been
condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism.
This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination
against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.
It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage
over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well
known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoëuml Zysman. English
names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously
large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.
Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B
and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had
surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even
more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are
alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi).
The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all
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